問題一覧
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5Elements
Components Connectors Systems Properties Styles.
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5Attributes of Project
unique purpose 2. temporary 3. require resources, often from various areas 4. should have a primary sponsor and/or customer 5. involve uncertainty
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6 Stakeholder
the project sponsor and project team support staff customers users suppliers opponents to the project
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4 Frame
Structural Frame Political Frame Human Resource Frame Symbolic Frame
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Basic organization structure
Functional Project matrix
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4 basic
function, divisional,matrix,project organization all in structure
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An array of components designed to accomplish a particular objective according to plan. Many sub-systems
System
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Is a way of understanding an entity in terms of its purpose,
System Thinking
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Is the combination of inter-related elements to achieve a common objective (s).
System Integration
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its high-level structure, exposing its gross organization as a collection of interacting components.
System Architecture
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is a temporary endeavor undertaken to accomplish a unique product or service
Project
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may either be current, suspected, or anticipated. Blank are undesirable situations that prevent the business
Problems
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Opportunity
is a chance to improve the business even in the absence of specific problems.
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new requirement that is imposed by management, government, or some external influence
directive
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need to take a holistic or systems view of a project and understand how it is situated within the larger organization
Project Manager
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people involved in or affected by project activities
stakeholder
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Focuses on roles and responsibilities, coordination and control.
Structural Frame
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Focuses on providing harmony between needs of the organization and needs of people
Human Resource Frame
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Focuses on symbols and meanings related to events. Culture is important.
Symbolic Frame
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Focuses on providing harmony between needs of the organization and needs of people
Human Resource Frame
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Assumes organizations are coalitions compose of varied individuals groups. Conflict and power are key issues and interest
Political Frame
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People who do similar tasks, have similar skills and/or jobs in an organization
Functional Structure
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the company will coordinate inter-group relationships to create a work team
Divisional Structure
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more complex in that they group people in two different ways: by the function they perform and by the product team
Matrix Structure
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the teams are put together based on the number of members
Project Organization Structure
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The scope of the project can be clearly articulated and the schedule and cost can be predicted.
Predictive Models
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Projects are mission driven and component based, using time-based cycles to meet target dates.
Adaptive Models
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a framework for describing the phases involved in developing and maintaining information systems
SDLC
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Repetitions of iterative development are referred to as sprints, which normally last thirty days.
Scrum
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7SDLC
7
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well-defined, linear stages of systems development and support
waterfall model
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software is developed using an iterative or spiral approach rather than a linear approach.
Spiral Model
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incremental release model
provides for progressive development of operational software.
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Developers program in pairs and must write the tests for their own code.
Extreme Programming (XP)
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6 System Requirements
Outputs Inputs Processes Timing Controls Volumes. sizes, and frequencies “THE COUNTRY’S 1st
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describes the proposed functionality of the new system
Use case model
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Actor
User pf the system
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interaction diagram thet emphasizes the time ordering of messages
Sequence diagram
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starting point of the requirements engineering process is an blank process that involves a number of people to ensure consideration
Elicitation Phase
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In this step there is no transformation of the requirements, but simple classification and categorization.
Organization Phase
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This represents a transformation
Analysis Phase
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this way poorly understood requirements may be tested and perhaps strengthened, corrected, or refined.
Prototype Phase