Ms- eye disorders

100問 • 11ヶ月前

Sean

通報

問題一覧

Transmits and interpret visual stimuli

visual system

Located at eye orbit

eyeball

Specialized to detect light

visual apparatus

external structures of the eye

eyeball, muscle, nerve, fat, bone

Surrounds and protects the eyes

bony orbit

6 ocular muscles

6 cardinal gazes

Moves the eyes horizontal and vertical

4 rectus muscles

rotate the eyes in circular movements

2 oblique muscles

Elastic folds that protects the anterior eyeballs

upper and lower eyelids

distributes tears, prevents evaporation and drying of the surface epithelium

upper and lower eyelids

oil secreting embedded in the eyelids

meibomian glands

produces tears thru secretory ducts(located at the upperlids outer canthus)

lacrimal glands

Small opening at the inner canthus(directs tears to the lacrimal sac)

puncta

Directs tears to the nose

nasolacrimal duct

Lubricates, clean, protects the ocular surface

tear film

Transparent avascular structure with a brilliant,shiny surface thats acts to bend and direct(refract) rays of light to the retina

cornea

Fibrous protective coating which is white and dense

sclera

Thin transparent layer of mucous membrane that lines and covers the eyeball

conjunctiva

Middle vascular layer of the eye that furnishes blood to the retina

uveal tract

Thin pigmented diaphragm with central aperture, the pupil

iris

Produces and secretes aquenous humor

ciliary body

a clear alkaline fluid between the iris and cornea

aqueous humor

Is maintained as long as there is balance between the aquenous production and outflow

normal intraocular pressure

posterior segment of the uveal tract

choroid

a biconvex, avascular, colorless, and transparent structure tp focus light to the retina

lens

the change of focus from distant to near

accommodation

a clear avascular jelly like structure

vitreous body

the largest cavity in the eye

vitreous chamber

A thin semitransparent layer of nerve tissue that forms the innermost lining in the eyes

retina

2 types of retina receptors

rods and cones

function best in dim light

rods

provides resolution of small visual angles and responsible for color vision

cones

Nourished by the capillaries of the choroid layer

photoreceptor cells

Located at the posterior eye and transmits visual impulses from the retina to the brain

optic nerve

the head of the optic nerve

optic disc

the head of the optic nerve can be seen by blank

opthalmoscopic examination

Decreased flexibility and elasticity leads to a decrease or lost of accomodation

presbyopia

Aids in the distortion of colors, diminishes the ability of the person to adapt to dim light and darkness

senile miosis

Decrease in lens transparency or increased opaqueness of the lens

cataract

irregular curvature of the cornea, causing distorted or blurred image

astigmatism

aquenous humor is filtered out through the blank into the blank

trabecular meshwork, schlemm's canal

instruments used in measuring intraocular fluid pressure

tonometer

a method of measuring into ocular fluid pressure with the use of calibrated instruments

tonometry

pressures between blank are considered within normal range

8 to 21 mmhg

this test assess eye muscle strength and cranial nerve function

position's test

deviation turn downward

hypotropia

deviation turned upward

hypertropia

deviation away from the nose

exotropia

deviation toward the nose

esotropia

it's a constant deviation of ocular alignment

tropia

an eye disorder in which eye axes cannot be directed to the same object

strabismus

asymmetrical reflection is abnormal and may indicate what

strabismus

determines eye alignment

corneal light reflex test

how to test accommodation

HIO

observing one pupil while the penlight is shined on the opposite pupil

consensual response

should be constrict briskly and even

illuminated pupil

bring the pen light in from the side to shine directly over the center of the pupil

pupillary light reflex test

indicate that nerves are intact

blinking and tearing

is performed to assess the function of the fifth cranial nerve

corneal reflex test

defined as 20/200 or less with corrected vision

legal blindness

has results of 20/30 or greater (nearsightedness)

myopia

The client is able to read a 20 ft

20/20

traditionally measured at a distance of 20 ft

snellen chart

the standard and routine method used to determine the clarity of ocular media and the function of visual pathway

visual acuity

May occur with mild corneal irritation

dryness or burning

a sign of an allergic response

itching

indicates glaucoma, inflammation,muscle spasm, or infection

deep internal eye pain

caused by foreign body

sharp superficial pain

non-specific complaints include eye strain, pulling, pressure, fullness, our generalized headache

eye pain

maybe caused by minor irritation, subconjunctival hemorrhage, inflammatory disorders, infection, allergy and trauma

red eye

double vision

diplopia

may occur in one eye or both cost by refractive correction, muscle imbalance or neurologic disorders

diplopia

May represent normal vitreous body strands or the pathology presence of blood pigment or anti-inflammatory cells

floating spots

May indicate retinal detachment or migraine

flashing light

result from uncorrected refractive error scratches on glosses, dilated pupils, or cataracts

glare of halos

drooping eyelid

ptosis

visual changes or loss of vision may be caused by abnormalities such as

RPCM

Most common chief complaint

change or loss of vision

it is an eye disorder characterized by increased in intraocular pressure and visual field loss

glaucoma

it is a crystal clear fluid, and fills anterior and posterior chambers of the eye

aqueous humor

what are the classifications of glaucoma

open angle and close angle glaucoma

it is a multi-factorial disorder that is often genetically determined, bilateral, insidious in onset, slow to progress, and most common form

open angle glaucoma(chronic)

it is often referred as "thief in the night" because no early clinical manifestation is present

open angle glaucoma(chronic)

aqueous humor is load or stop because obstruction by the blank

trabecular meshwork

an acute attack of angle-closure glaucoma can develop only in an eye which the anterior chamber angle is anatomically narrow

close angle glaucoma(acute)

the attack occurs because of a sudden blockage of the anterior chamber angle by the base of the iris

close angle glaucoma(acute)

this is irreversible due to compression and damage of the retina and optic nerve

vision loss

blockage to the circulation of aqueous humor maybe secondary to what

HIIN

The loss of peripheral vision

tunnel vision

medications used to promote aqueous flow and reduce intraocular pressure

collaborative management

acts by constricting the pupil and draw the smooth muscle of the iris away from the schlemm's canal for the aqueous humor to drain out

topical miotic

suppress secretion of aqueous humor

topical beta blockers

reduce and inhibit the production of aqueous humor

oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors(ocai)

recommended with medical therapy fails to help the progression of visual loss and optic nerve damage

surgical management

use of laser to create an opening in the trabecular meshwork

laser trabeculoplasty

it is the creation of an opening through which the aqueous fluid escape

trabeculectomy

most common glaucoma surgery which allows drainage of aqueous humor

trabeculectomy

surgical removal of part of the iris, frequently performed in the treatment of close angle glaucoma

iridectomy

in glaucoma avoid what

atropine, benadryl, cogentin

100

signs of infection in glaucoma

RSDBP

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問題一覧

Transmits and interpret visual stimuli

visual system

Located at eye orbit

eyeball

Specialized to detect light

visual apparatus

external structures of the eye

eyeball, muscle, nerve, fat, bone

Surrounds and protects the eyes

bony orbit

6 ocular muscles

6 cardinal gazes

Moves the eyes horizontal and vertical

4 rectus muscles

rotate the eyes in circular movements

2 oblique muscles

Elastic folds that protects the anterior eyeballs

upper and lower eyelids

distributes tears, prevents evaporation and drying of the surface epithelium

upper and lower eyelids

oil secreting embedded in the eyelids

meibomian glands

produces tears thru secretory ducts(located at the upperlids outer canthus)

lacrimal glands

Small opening at the inner canthus(directs tears to the lacrimal sac)

puncta

Directs tears to the nose

nasolacrimal duct

Lubricates, clean, protects the ocular surface

tear film

Transparent avascular structure with a brilliant,shiny surface thats acts to bend and direct(refract) rays of light to the retina

cornea

Fibrous protective coating which is white and dense

sclera

Thin transparent layer of mucous membrane that lines and covers the eyeball

conjunctiva

Middle vascular layer of the eye that furnishes blood to the retina

uveal tract

Thin pigmented diaphragm with central aperture, the pupil

iris

Produces and secretes aquenous humor

ciliary body

a clear alkaline fluid between the iris and cornea

aqueous humor

Is maintained as long as there is balance between the aquenous production and outflow

normal intraocular pressure

posterior segment of the uveal tract

choroid

a biconvex, avascular, colorless, and transparent structure tp focus light to the retina

lens

the change of focus from distant to near

accommodation

a clear avascular jelly like structure

vitreous body

the largest cavity in the eye

vitreous chamber

A thin semitransparent layer of nerve tissue that forms the innermost lining in the eyes

retina

2 types of retina receptors

rods and cones

function best in dim light

rods

provides resolution of small visual angles and responsible for color vision

cones

Nourished by the capillaries of the choroid layer

photoreceptor cells

Located at the posterior eye and transmits visual impulses from the retina to the brain

optic nerve

the head of the optic nerve

optic disc

the head of the optic nerve can be seen by blank

opthalmoscopic examination

Decreased flexibility and elasticity leads to a decrease or lost of accomodation

presbyopia

Aids in the distortion of colors, diminishes the ability of the person to adapt to dim light and darkness

senile miosis

Decrease in lens transparency or increased opaqueness of the lens

cataract

irregular curvature of the cornea, causing distorted or blurred image

astigmatism

aquenous humor is filtered out through the blank into the blank

trabecular meshwork, schlemm's canal

instruments used in measuring intraocular fluid pressure

tonometer

a method of measuring into ocular fluid pressure with the use of calibrated instruments

tonometry

pressures between blank are considered within normal range

8 to 21 mmhg

this test assess eye muscle strength and cranial nerve function

position's test

deviation turn downward

hypotropia

deviation turned upward

hypertropia

deviation away from the nose

exotropia

deviation toward the nose

esotropia

it's a constant deviation of ocular alignment

tropia

an eye disorder in which eye axes cannot be directed to the same object

strabismus

asymmetrical reflection is abnormal and may indicate what

strabismus

determines eye alignment

corneal light reflex test

how to test accommodation

HIO

observing one pupil while the penlight is shined on the opposite pupil

consensual response

should be constrict briskly and even

illuminated pupil

bring the pen light in from the side to shine directly over the center of the pupil

pupillary light reflex test

indicate that nerves are intact

blinking and tearing

is performed to assess the function of the fifth cranial nerve

corneal reflex test

defined as 20/200 or less with corrected vision

legal blindness

has results of 20/30 or greater (nearsightedness)

myopia

The client is able to read a 20 ft

20/20

traditionally measured at a distance of 20 ft

snellen chart

the standard and routine method used to determine the clarity of ocular media and the function of visual pathway

visual acuity

May occur with mild corneal irritation

dryness or burning

a sign of an allergic response

itching

indicates glaucoma, inflammation,muscle spasm, or infection

deep internal eye pain

caused by foreign body

sharp superficial pain

non-specific complaints include eye strain, pulling, pressure, fullness, our generalized headache

eye pain

maybe caused by minor irritation, subconjunctival hemorrhage, inflammatory disorders, infection, allergy and trauma

red eye

double vision

diplopia

may occur in one eye or both cost by refractive correction, muscle imbalance or neurologic disorders

diplopia

May represent normal vitreous body strands or the pathology presence of blood pigment or anti-inflammatory cells

floating spots

May indicate retinal detachment or migraine

flashing light

result from uncorrected refractive error scratches on glosses, dilated pupils, or cataracts

glare of halos

drooping eyelid

ptosis

visual changes or loss of vision may be caused by abnormalities such as

RPCM

Most common chief complaint

change or loss of vision

it is an eye disorder characterized by increased in intraocular pressure and visual field loss

glaucoma

it is a crystal clear fluid, and fills anterior and posterior chambers of the eye

aqueous humor

what are the classifications of glaucoma

open angle and close angle glaucoma

it is a multi-factorial disorder that is often genetically determined, bilateral, insidious in onset, slow to progress, and most common form

open angle glaucoma(chronic)

it is often referred as "thief in the night" because no early clinical manifestation is present

open angle glaucoma(chronic)

aqueous humor is load or stop because obstruction by the blank

trabecular meshwork

an acute attack of angle-closure glaucoma can develop only in an eye which the anterior chamber angle is anatomically narrow

close angle glaucoma(acute)

the attack occurs because of a sudden blockage of the anterior chamber angle by the base of the iris

close angle glaucoma(acute)

this is irreversible due to compression and damage of the retina and optic nerve

vision loss

blockage to the circulation of aqueous humor maybe secondary to what

HIIN

The loss of peripheral vision

tunnel vision

medications used to promote aqueous flow and reduce intraocular pressure

collaborative management

acts by constricting the pupil and draw the smooth muscle of the iris away from the schlemm's canal for the aqueous humor to drain out

topical miotic

suppress secretion of aqueous humor

topical beta blockers

reduce and inhibit the production of aqueous humor

oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors(ocai)

recommended with medical therapy fails to help the progression of visual loss and optic nerve damage

surgical management

use of laser to create an opening in the trabecular meshwork

laser trabeculoplasty

it is the creation of an opening through which the aqueous fluid escape

trabeculectomy

most common glaucoma surgery which allows drainage of aqueous humor

trabeculectomy

surgical removal of part of the iris, frequently performed in the treatment of close angle glaucoma

iridectomy

in glaucoma avoid what

atropine, benadryl, cogentin

100

signs of infection in glaucoma

RSDBP