AIS

88問 • 2年前

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include the tasks involved in identifying inventory needs, placing the order, receiving the inventory and recognizing the liability. In general these procedures apply to both manufacturing and retailing firms.

purchase procedures

This include the tasks involved in receiving and processing a customer order, filling the order and shipping products to the customer, billing the customer at the proper time and correctly accounting for the transaction.

sales order procedures

it is a system that collects, stores, and processes data to produce information for decision makers

accounting information system

they are the one who use the system

people

used to collect, process and store data

procedures and instructions

used to process the data

software

safeguard AIS data

internal control and security measures

it supports daily business operations with numerous reports, documents, and messages for users throughout the organization.

transaction processing system

produces the financial statements such as income statement, balance sheet, statement of cash flows, etc.

general ledger/financial reporting system

provides internal management with special purpose financial reports and information needed for decision-making such as budgets, variance reports, and responsibility reportssh flows, etc.

management reporting system

processes non financial transactions that are not normally processed by traditional AIS

management information system

2 general groups that end users fall into

internal and external

include creditors, stockholders, potential investors, regulatory agencies, tax authorities, suppliers and customers.

external users

include management at every level of the organization, as well as operations personnel.

internal users

facts, which may or may not be processed (edited, summarized, or refined) and have no direct effect on the user.

data

is a processed data

information

These are financial transactions that enter the information system from both internal and external sources.

data sources

the most common source of data for most organizations.

external financial transactions

These are economic exchanges with other business entities and individuals outside the firm.

external financial transactions

These are exchange or movement of resources within the organization

internal financial transactions

It is the first operational stage in the information system. The objective is to ensure that event data entering the system are valid, complete, and free from material errors.

data collection

Once collected, data usually require processing to produce information.

data processing

tasks in data processing range from?

simple to complex

The organization's database is its physical repository for financial and nonfinancial data. Its content can be represented in logical hierarchy.

database management

It is the most elemental piece of potentially useful data in the database

data attribute

is a logical and relevant characteristic of an entity about which the firm captures data

attribute

It is the complete set of attributes for a single occurrence within an entity class. To find a record within a database, we must be able to identify it uniquely.

record

It is a complete set of records of an identical class. For example, all the AR records of the organization constitute the AR file.

files

is the entire collection of such files

organization's database

assigns keys to new records and stores them in proper location in database

storage

the tasks of locating and extracting an existing record from the database for processing.

retrieval

task of permanently removing obsolete or redundant records from the database.

deleting

it is the process of compiling, arranging, formatting, and presenting information to users.

information generation

characteristics of information generation

relevance, timeliness, accuracy, completeness, summarization

It is a form of output that is sent back to the system as a source of data.

feedback

manages the financial information resource of the firm. In this regard, it plays to important roles in transaction processing

accounting function

is determined by its reliability.

value of information to a user

role of accountants

as users, system designers, system auditors

sales order procedures

captures vital information such as the customer's name, address and account number; the name, number and description of the items sold; and the quantities and unit prices of each item sold.

sales order

is an authorization control and should be performed as a function separate from the sales activity.

credit approval process

forwards the stock release document (also called the picking ticket) to the pick goods function in the warehouse. This document identifies the items of inventory that must be located and picked from the warehouse shelves.

receive order activity

will later be forwarded to the billing function as evidence that the customer's order was filled and shipped.

shipping notice

packages the goods, attaches the packing slip, completes the shipping notice, and prepares a bill of lading.

shipping clerk

is a formal contract between the seller and the shipping company (carrier) to transport the goods to the customer. This document establishes legal ownership and responsibility for assets in transit.

bill of lading

marks the completion of the economic event and the point at which the customer should be billed. Billing before shipment encourages inaccurate record keeping and inefficient operations

shipment of goods

receives the sales order (invoice copy) from the receive order task. This document is placed in an S.O. pending file until the receipt of the shipping notice, which describes the products that were actually shipped to the customer.

bill-customer function

is a special journal used for recording completed sales transactions

sales journal

updates inventory subsidiary ledger accounts from information contained in the stock release document

inventory control function

every inventory item has its own record in the ledger.

perpetual inventory system

reduces the quantity on- hand of one or more accounts

stock release document

When items are returned, the receiving department employee counts, inspects and prepare a __________ describing the item.

return slip

eho prepares credit memo

sales employee

This document is the authorization for the customer to receive credit for the merchandise returned

credit memo

evaluates the circumstances of the return and makes a judgement to grant (disapprove) credit.

credit manager

adjusts the inventory records and forwards the credit memo to the accounts receivable, where the customer's account is also adjusted

inventory control function

described a credit transaction that resulted in the establishment of an accounts receivable.

sales order procedure

who opens envelopes containing customer's payments and remittance advices

mail room employee

contain information needed to service individual customer accounts

remittance advices

is a form of a turnaround document. Its important is most apparent in firms that process large volumes of cash receipts daily

remittance advice

who verifies the accuracy and completeness of the checks against the prelist. Any checks possibly lost or misdirected between the mail room and this function are thus identified

cash receipt employee

Its objective is to convert the organization's cash into physical materials and human resources it needs to conduct the business.

expenditure cycle

most business operate on______?

credit basis

purchase procedures

includes the name and address of the primary supplier, the economic order quantity of the item, and the standard or expected cost of the item

valid vendor file

provides an important control by listing only approved vendors

valid vendor file

provide improved control over cash disbursement and allows firms to consolidate several payments to the same supplier on a single voucher, thus, reducing the number of checks written

vouchers

The principal objectives of this system is to ensure that only valid creditors receive payment and that amounts paid are timely and correct

cash disbursement system

An economic event that affects the assets and equities of the firm, is reflected in its accounts and is measured in monetary terms.

financial transaction

In this cycle, the business activities begin with the acquisition of materials, property and labor in exchange for cash.

expenditure cycle

This system recognizes the need to acquire physical inventory (such as raw materials) and places an order with the vendor.

purchase/accounts payable system

When the obligation created in the purchases system becomes due, it authorizes the payment, disburses the funds to the vendor, and records the transaction by reducing the cash and accounts payable accounts.

cash disbursement system

collects labor usage data for each employee, computes the payroll, and disburses paychecks to the employees.

payroll system

is a special case purchases and cash disbursement system

payroll

This system maintains details about each piece of equipment and other fixed assets.

fixed asset system

It provide a system for tracking for organizations' physical assets

fixed asset system

This cycle comprises two major subsystem: the production system and the cost accounting system.

conversion cycle

it involves planning, scheduling, and control of the physical product through the manufacturing process. This includes determining raw materials requirements, authorizing the work to be performed, released of raw materials into production and directing the movement of the work in process through its various stage in manufacturing

production system

it monitors the flow of cost information Including labor, overhead and raw materials related to production

cost accounting system

This cycle includes processing cash sales, credit sales, and the receipt of cash following a credit sale.

revenue cycle

the majority of business sales are made on credit and involve tasks such as preparing sales order, granting credit, shipping products (or rendering of a service) to the customer, billing customers, and recording the transaction in the accounts (accounts receivable, inventory, expenses and sales)

sales order processing

for credit sales, some period of time (days or weeks) passes between the point of sale and the receipt of cash.

cash receipts

includes collecting cash, depositing cash in the bank, and recording these events in the accounts (accounts receivable and cash).

cash receipts processing

financial transaction is measured in?

monetary terms

prepared for each inventory item as the need is recognized

purchase requisition

it posts the data contained in the journal voucher to the inventory and AP control accounts and reconciles the inventory control account with the inventory subsidiary summary

general ledger function

is used to verify the accuracy of the journal vouchers for the transaction period

AR summary

form where all cash received is logged

remittance list

Strategic cost

aen silang · 71問 · 2年前

Strategic cost