問題一覧
1
an easily observable difference between x-ray film and regular photographic film is the
thickness and rigidity of the base
2
the radiographic film base appears blue
viewing the image is more pleasant
3
Which of the following has been employed as a film base
cellulose nitrate
4
common base of contemporary x-ray film is
polyester
5
In the manufacture of radiographic film
direct exposure film contains thicker emulsion layer and more silver halide crystal than screen film
6
The two basic parts of radiographic film are
base and emulsion
7
The supercoating usually consists of
gelatin
8
Dimensional stability is the property of maintaining the size and shape of the
base
9
The principal purpose of gelatin in the emulsion is to
support silver halide crystal uniformly
10
Which of the following properties of silver halide is most important in the production of a latent image?
atomic number or sensitivity speck
11
x-ray film is sensitive
only to x and gamma rays and visible light heat,pressure or humidity SILVER BROMIDE - sensitive to light SILVER IODIDE - sensitive to x-rays
12
Which of the following is usually thinner than 5um?
supercoating
13
Which of the following is a principal component of the radiographic emulsion?
Silver bromide or Silver iodide
14
Compared with screen film, film that is manufactured for direct x-ray exposure.
thicker emlusion layer and more silver halide crystal
15
Which of the following ingredients is NOT normally found in the film emulsion?
Silver nitrate
16
Which of the following is the highest atomic number?
tungsten
17
The term sensitivity speck refers to
an emulsion contaminant
18
The latent image is actually formed in the
silver halide crystal
19
During the photographic process, metallic silver accumulates at
latent image center or sensitivity speck
20
The latent image at the crystal level
collection of silver atoms
21
The term latent image actually refers to
undeveloped radiographic image
22
The sensitivity speck is usually silver
sulfide
23
In the manufacture of the emulsion, which of the following molecules is particularly light sensitive?
AgBR - Silver bromide
24
With processing, the latent image becomes a(n) ______image.
manifest
25
What do we call the radiation exiting the patient that is responsible for latent image formation?
remnant or exit radiation
26
Given only one atom of each of the following, which is most likely to be involved with x-ray interaction
iodine
27
An ion is an atom
not electrically neutral
28
The interstitial atoms is a crystal of silver halide include.
silver,bromine and iodine
29
Following irradiation, a secondary electron will most likely interact with a silver ion to form a
silver atom
30
What happens at the sensitivity speck?
secondary eletron are trapped
31
Processing
required for formation of manifest image
32
The latent image-center
forms at the sensitivity speck
33
The formation of a latent image follows which interaction with the emulsion?
photoelectric
34
If one observes a film immediately after exposure, what is seen
nothing
35
In a silver halide crystal, which of the following is missing an electron?
silver
36
In a latent-image center becomes a collection of
silver atoms
37
Processing is necessary to convert
latent image to manifest image
38
The most commonly employed radiologic image receptor is
screen film
39
Which of the following is not at characteristic the technologist should consider when selecting film?
light emission
40
The contrast of radiographic film
is inversely proportional to its latitude
41
High contrast film have
smaller grain size
42
The spectra response of an emulsion refers to its
absorption of visible light
43
Calcium tungstate screens emit
blue light
44
Most rare earth screens emit
green light
45
Orthochromatic film is sensitive to
green light
46
The principal result of using rare earth screens with green-sensitive film is
reduce patient dose
47
When green emitting rare earth screens are used with properly matched film safelights are required.
red
48
Present mammography film
are screen films
49
When comparing 35mm cine film with 16mm, the 35mm film has
four times the area
50
Which of the following will NOT fog film?
fringe magnetic fields
51
If film is stored near steam pipes, the most likely result in the processed radiograph will be
loss of contrast
52
Which of the following is not important to proper storage of radiographic film?
shelf life is less than 3 months
53
Which of the following is most likely to fog film?
improper safelight filter
54
Which of the following can produce a radiopaque artifact?
dirty processor transport rollers
55
The most commonly employed radiographic image receptor is ______ film.
screen film
56
Which of the following would be considered a film artifact?
pressure marks
57
Other factors being equal, a ___________ emulsion is fastest
large grain concentration
58
At what stage in automatic processing is the latent-image made visible?
developing
59
The component of the developer that helps to keep unexposed crystals from the developing agent is
potassium bromide
60
Which of the following automatic processing chemistries best controls the image on a radiograph n the density range that is most important?
phenidone
61
Aerial oxidation is controlled by the
preservative/ other answer Sodium sulfide
62
The hardeners in a fixer
cause the emulsion to shrink
63
The most common result of inadequate washing is
excess hyporetension
64
Conversion of the latent image to a visible image occurs
when silver bromide is converted to silver
65
Which of the following ingredients of the developer is responsible for producing the blackest parts of a radiograph?
hydroquinone
66
Hydroquinone and phenidone interact synergistically. Which of the following examples best describes a synergistic interaction?
drinking and driving
67
The archival quality of a radiograph is principally
established during fixing
68
Which of the following term does not belong?
stop bath
69
Which of the following is not a separate stage in automatic processing?
wetting
70
The preservative normally used in both the developer and the fixer is
sodium sulfite
71
Which of the following is a reducing agent?
metol
72
Which of the following ingredients in the fixer functions as a stop bath?
activator
73
Hypo retention refers to
thiosulfate left in the emulsion
74
Development fog will increase when which of the following is abnormally low in the developer?
potassium bromide
75
The component of the developer that is most responsible for archival quality is
glutaraldehyde
76
The wetting agent used in automatic processors is usually.
water
77
The temperature of the wash water should be approximately
5 degrees F below the developer
78
Which of the following is something used as a developing agent.
phenidone
79
A developer ingredient that controls pH is
sodium carbonate
80
Which of the following will not be found in the developer?
clearing agent
81
Which of the following will not be found in the fixer?
glutaraldehyde
82
One hardener is
glutaraldehyde
83
Which of the following factors will always have an effect on recorded detail?
milliamperage
84
Afterglow is a property of intensifying screens that?
enhanced at high kVp
85
Low KVP produces which of the following?
high contrast few gray tones short scale contrast
86
What cord is used to describe the ideal level of contrast that an image should have?
optimum
87
The term “Direct Exposure” would indicate an:
exposure without benefit of intensifying screen
88
Which of the following is also known as a subject contrast
anatomy pathology
89
What terms are widely standardized in conventional use and should pose no problem to the Student?
contrast density
90
Which is the relationship of the depth of the radiotransparent space between the lead strips, To its width:
grid ratio
91
To minimize geometric blurring or unsharpness, what distance should be maximized?
source to image distance
92
What technical factor for cast and splints if fiber glass is being used?
no change
93
Which of the following is NOT a heavy-metal filters?
molybdenum
94
What is the most essential quality of the x-ay beam
penetration
95
Which of the following is unrelated to recorded detail
amount of thermionic emission
96
What system that ensures uniform chemical distribution across the film and clean solution?
filtration
97
Which of the following curves always assumes some form of sigmoid shape
sensitometric characteristic H&D
98
What is the principal characteristics of emulsion that makes it particularly radiation Sensitive?
density
99
What is the other term of detail clarity?
resolution
100
As film screen system speed increase
radiographic density increase