問題一覧
1
Which of the following structures is indicated by the arrow?
infraspinatus tendon
2
In order to be classified as a vector, an object must possess a ___ and a ___.
magnitude, direction
3
The primary advantage of a phase-array coil is that it provides the coverage of an individual larger coil and which of the following characteristics of an individual smaller coil?
signal to noise ratio
4
Which of the following is indicated by the arrow?
descending aorta
5
In MRI, Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) is calculated using one of the following units of measurement?
Watts per Kilogram
6
___ corresponds to the area within the scanner that gets excited and protons in this volume get flipped into the transverse plane. This happens during the simultaneous application of an RF excitation pulse at the Larmor frequency of an applied gradient.
slice thickness
7
Manufacturer labeling for implants/devices is only published once and is never updated
false
8
When increasing the TE, the following will also increase:
T2 differences, intra voxel dephasing
9
Conductive copper windings that alter the main magnetic field along a strict coordinate are known as which of the following?
gradient coils
10
Which of the following structures is presented inside the circle?
left lateral ventricle
11
Which of the following structures is indicate by the arrow?
descending aorta
12
Which of the following structures is indicated by the arrow?
right ventricle
13
In the MRI environment, which of the following provides the greatest risk of spreading infectious disease?
humans hands
14
Which of the following is indicated by the arrow?
sternum
15
Which of the following types of chemical shift imaging is based on the precessional frequencies of each metabolite?
spectroscopy
16
If we are acquiring a coronal slice and the phase encoding gradient is positioned right to left, which gradient is performing frequency encoding?
Z
17
What refers to the overall torque or turning of an object that is exposed to magnetic lines of flux?
Rotational Force
18
The regaining of longitudinal magnetization due to excited protons giving up their energy to the surrounding environment refers to:
T1 Recovery
19
____ is the time between the RF excitation pulse and the recording of the MRI signal.
echo time
20
Per the American college radiology, a pregnant patient may safely undergo an MRI at what stage of gestation?
any stage
21
During which sequence will a patient have the greatest chance of experiencing burns if all factors remain the same?
FSE
22
How does increasing the number of frequency encoding steps affect SNR?
SNR decreases
23
Per the FDA, peripheral nerve stimulation is categorized as what type of concern?
patient comfort
24
Which of the following is indicated by the arrow?
right ventricle
25
Increasing receive bandwidth will have what effect on signal-to-noise?
decrease
26
Which of the following is presented inside the circle in this thoracic image?
heart
27
What is the role of the Magnetic Resonance Licensed MD (Reading physician, Radiologist) on duty in regard to making decisions on questionable implants?
decide
28
If we are acquiring a coronal slice and the frequency encoding gradient is positioned right to left, which gradient is performing phase encoding?
Z
29
Before administering an IV gadolinium contrast medium, it is necessary to confirm that a patient
is eligible to recieve IV gadolinium based on appropriate safety standards
30
If the transmit bandwidth is held constant and the slope of the slice select gradient is increased the resultant slice thickness will be ____.
Decreased
31
To acquire an axial or transverse slice the ___ gradient is used for slice selection.
Z
32
Anaphylaxis refers to which of the following conditions?
allergic reaction
33
What legal term is defined as “The duty to fulfill one’s commitments and applies to keeping promises both stated and implied”?
fidelity
34
In an emergency, who is responsible for deciding who enters the magnet room?
MRI technologist
35
Which of the following imaging applications requires knowledge of temporal resolution
cardiac MRI cine techniques
36
The parameter that is described as the size of the area covered within an image is
field of view (FOV)
37
Due to the translation forces in the main magnetic field, the projectile effect is witnessed in which of the following areas?
zone 4
38
The complete elimination of all pathogens and microorganisms is referred to as one of the following terms?
sterilization
39
As the strength of B0 increases which of the following will also increase?
SNR, chemical shift
40
Effective TE is associated with what kind of pulse sequence?
FSE
41
Which of the following structures is indicated by the arrow?
superiors vena cava (SVC)
42
The capitate is highlighted in this image by which region of interest (ROÍ)?
C
43
Which part of the hip is presented inside the circle?
labrum
44
Which of the following is indicated by the arrow?
fibula
45
A phased-array surface coil is a receiver system that utilizes several individual coils, which are connected directly to a dedicate
receiver
46
To visualize different anatomical structures we need to spatially encode the MRI signal by varying the magnetic field in certain locations causing different precessional frequencies at different positions.
true
47
Which of the following structures is presented inside the circle?
left lateral ventricle
48
Which of the following is represented inside the circle?
aortic valve
49
The pons is indicated by the letter ___.
C
50
Which of the following is presented inside the circle?
pituitary gland
51
Cross Talk Artifacts are corrected by:
Increasing TR, using stacked slices whenever possible, and when slices must intersect, have them do so outside of the area of interest.
52
Which of the following arteries is indicated by the arrow?
middle cerebral
53
This image technique is primarily used to measure the metabolites contained within a volume of interest for the purposes of tumor classification:
magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)
54
Examples of motion correction imaging techniques are:
all of the above
55
Which of the following approaches best improves the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)?
Increasing slice thickness and decreasing frequency encoding steps
56
This image is an example of what type of contrast or weighting?
PD
57
Image construction in MRI is accomplished through which of the following mathematical processes?
Fast Fourier Transformation
58
Which of the following is indicated by the arrow?
Geni of the corpus collasum
59
Increasing the NEX/NSA yields which of the following effects
increased scan time and SNR
60
If cables or wires cannot be removed from the MR scanner during imaging, it is important to:
use insulation to prevent contact with the patient and any components of the MR system
61
Which of the following is indicated by the arrow?
vertebral artery
62
____ is the measure of the induced voltage in the receiver coil that is coming from the excited protons within the volume of interest compared to any other information or inefficiency in the system that will degrade the purity of the recorded signal.
signal to noise ratio (SNR)
63
What is the greatest risk associated with an uncontrolled magnet quench?
gaseous helium displacing oxygen leading to asphyxiation
64
Which part of the knee is indicated by the arrows?
collateral ligament
65
In the United States, Fringe fields are measured in:
gauss
66
Which of the following parts of a wrist is presented inside the circle?
ulnar styloid process
67
In a spin echo pulse sequence 180 degrees RF refocusing pulse produces a signal echo and
eliminates de phasing due to magnetic inhomogenities
68
Which of the following causes thermal injuries in an MRI suit?
radio frequency pulses
69
__ controls the amount of T2 weighted in an image.
TE
70
At a minimum, during the exam, patient monitoring includes which of the following?
continual verbal contact with the patient to ensure he/she is not having difficult
71
Materials with which of the following components have the highest degree of magnetic susceptibility
Ferromagnetic
72
To assist patients in dissipating RF heating, it is important to:
keep the scan room cool and low humidity to aid in heat exchange between the patient and the environment.
73
Effective TE is described as:
the echo time selected within a fast spin echo sequence that determines image contrast
74
Which of the following structures is indicated by the arrow?
head of the caudate nucleus
75
The parameter that is described as the time between echoes in a FSE pulse sequence is
Inter echo spacing
76
Which of the following is represented inside the circle?
falx cerebri
77
MRI active nuclei have what properties?
all of these
78
Which of the following is indicated by the arrow?
left atrium
79
Which anatomical structure within the head is highlighted here?
maxillary sinus
80
Which of the following structures is indicated by the arrow?
infraspinatus tendon
81
To increase the contrast in an MRI image based on different tissue T1 and T2 times, the technologist can change what parameters?
all of the above
82
Which of the following is presented by the arrow?
spleen
83
Which of the following parameters would NOT increase SNR?
Increased receiver bandwidth
84
To acquire a sagital slice the ___ gradient is used for slice selection.
X
85
which of the following is indicated by the arrow?
stomach
86
In a fast (turbo) spin-echo pulse sequence, the initial pulse is followed by a series of which of the following?
180 radio frequency induced echoes
87
An increase in which of the following does NOT increase specific absorption rate in a pulse sequence?
Receiver bandwidth
88
A patient develops hives after gadolinium contrast administration. Which of the following medications should the radiologist use to treat this reaction?
antihistamínics
89
K-Space:
all of the above
90
The __ gradient is used to fill information within k-space in the verticals axis (top-bottom).
phase
91
The gradient magnetic field is responsible for spatial encoding, and the use of _ is needed to acquire images with a small FOV, thin slice thickness, and high resolution (fine matrix).
steep gradient
92
This technique can be described as additional phase encoding lines acquired to eliminate wrap-around artifacts:
Anti-Aliasing
93
Zone ___ refers to the area that has direct exposure to a magnetic field. An example would be the MRI scan room.
4
94
This is a constant value that states the precessional frequency for hydrogen at T1:
gyromagnetic ratio
95
The algorithm use to sort k-space based on amplitude and frequency into an MRI image of pixels is:
Fourier transform
96
The redirection perpendicular to the main magnetic field is designated as which direction?
XY
97
The application of an RF pulse, causing resonance to occur, is known as which of the following?
Excitation
98
Gradients are measured in:
mT/M and G/cm
99
To increase spatial resolution without affecting scan time, an MRI technologist can do which of the following?
Decrease the field-of-view
100
Which of the following is NOT considered to be a short-term effect caused by gadolinium contrast injections?
Nephrotic systemic fibrosis