問題一覧
1
What is a genome ?
refers to all the genetic material in an organism/pathogen
2
In bacteria DNA is wrapped around what ?
histone proteins
3
What helix is DNA?
double
4
What helix is RNA ?
single
5
What are the 2 strands of DNA held by ?
hydrogen bonds , hydrophobic forces
6
What do nucleotides have ?
phosphate group, deoxyribose sugar , complementary bases
7
What is replication ?
cells reproducing
8
What is transcription ?
DNA molecules is conveyed to RNA
9
What is translation ?
RNA molecules is used to produce proteins
10
What is helicase ?
it separates the two strands of the DNA helix
11
What is DNA polymerase ?
makes new DNA strands
12
What is topoisomerase?
prevents over winding of the DNA as it opens
13
What is Ligase?
final binding of nicks in DNA during synthesis and repair
14
Proofreading activity of DNA polymerase is ?
the ability to correct some mutations
15
What are mutations ?
changes in DNA sequence
16
What is transformation ?
the cell takes up DNA directly from the environment. The DNA may remain separate as a plasmid or be incorporated into the host genome
17
What is transduction ?
a bacteriophage injects DNA that is a hybrid of viral DNA and DNA from a previously infected bacterial cell
18
What is conjugation ?
DNA is transferred between cells through a cytoplasmic bridge after a conjugation pilus draws the two cells close enough to form the bridge.
19
Define bacteria operon
set of bacterial genes with a common function arranged closely together in chromosome and that are transcribed and translated together
20
What are codons ?
3 letter words or 3 nucleotide portions
21
What is the start codon ?
AUG
22
What are the stop codons ?
UAA, UAG, UGA