HGE

Hydraulics and Geothecnical

HGE

74問 • 1年前Hydraulics and Geothecnical

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問題一覧

Fluid is a substance that

cannot remain at rest under action of any shear force

Density of water is maximum at

4°C

Property of a fluid by which its own molecules are attracted is called

cohesion

Property of a fluid by which molecules of different kinds of fluids are attracted to each other is called

adhesion

The normal stress in a fluid will be constant in all directions at a point only if

it is at rest

Specific weight of sea water is more that of pure water because it contains

all of the above

Free surface of a liquid tends to contract to the smallest possible area due to force of

surface tension

A liquid would wet the solid, if adhesion forces as compared to cohesion forces are

Barometer is used to measure

atmospheric pressure

Manometer is used to measure

pressure in pipes, channels etc

If cohesion between molecules of a fluid is greater than adhesion between fluid and glass, then the free level of fluid in a dipped glass tube will be

lower than the surface of liquid

When a fluid is subjected to resistance, it undergoes a volumetric change due to

Compressibility

Liquids transmit pressure equally in all the directions. This is according to

Pascal’s law

The rise or depression of liquid in a tube due to surface tension with an increase in size of tube will

decrease

Mercury is often used in barometer because

D. both (b) and (c)

The point in the immersed body through which the resultant pressure of the liquid may be taken to act is known as

center of pressure

Which of the following is the correct relation between centroid (cg) and the center of pressure (cp) of a plane submerged in a liquid?

cp is either at cg or below it

The total pressure force on a plane area is equal to the area multiplied by the intensity of pressure at the centroid, if

all of the above

Choose the wrong statement

The vertical component passes through the center of pressure of the volume

Center of pressure on an inclined plane is

below the centroid

Can center of pressure for a vertical plane submerged surface be ever be above center of gravity?

In a vertically submerged plane surface, pressure at every point remains same.

False

For an inclined plate the pressure intensity at every point differs.

True

The magnitude of total pressure and center of pressure is independent on the shape of the submerged plane surface.

False

What is the variation of total pressure with depth for any submerged surface if we neglect variation in the density?

Linear

The resultant upward pressure of a fluid on a floating body is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body. This definition is according to

Archimedes’ principle

The resultant upward pressure of the fluid on an immersed body is called

buoyant force

What is the principal cause of action of buoyant force on a body submerged partially or fully in fluid?

Displacement of fluid due to submerged body

The center of gravity of the volume of the liquid displaced by an immersed body is called

center of buoyancy

The horizontal component of buoyant force is

zero

The line of action of the buoyant force acts through the

centroid of the displaced volume of fluid

Choose the wrong statement

Center of buoyancy is located above the center of gravity of the displaced liquid

According to the principle of buoyancy a body totally or partially immersed in a fluid will be lifted up by a force equal to

weight of the fluid displaced by the body

How can relatively denser object be made to float on the less dense fluid?

By altering the shape

The conditions for the stable equilibrium of a floating body are

all the above

Metacentric height is given as the distance between

the center of gravity of the body and the meta center

Metacenter is the point of intersection of

buoyant force and the center line of body

When a body floating in a liquid, is displaced slightly, it oscillates about

metacenter

When the ship’s metacenter and center of gravity coincide at same point then the vessel is said to be in

neutral equilibrium

Energy gradient line takes into consideration

potential, kinetic and pressure heads

Hydraulic gradient line takes into consideration

potential and pressure heads only

Which of the following is true?

EGL always drops in the direction of flow

Which of the following is true?

HGL will never be above EGL

The vertical intercept between EGL and HGL is equal to

kinetic head

The slope of HGL will be

equal than that of EGL for a pipe of uniform cross-section

Equation of continuity is based on the principle of conservation of

mass

Bernoulli’s equation deals with the law of conservation of

energy

All the terms of energy in Bernoulli’s equation have dimension of

length

The losses of energy in pipes due to

All of these

The major loss of energy in long pipes is due to

friction

The hydraulic gradient line lies over the centre line of the pipe by an amount equal to the

Pressure head

Free surface of a liquid behaves like a sheet and tends to contract to smallest possible area due to the

Force of cohesion

The intensity of pressure on an immersed surface __________ with the increase in depth

Increases

Capillary action is due to the

All of the above

The pressure measured with the help of a pressure gauge is called

Gauge pressure

The tendency of a liquid surface to contract is due to the following property

Surface Tension

When a tube of smaller diameter is dipped in water, the water rises in the tube with an upward __________ surface.

Concave

Non uniform flow occurs when

Velocity, depth, pressure, etc. change from point to point in the fluid flow

Differential manometer is used to measure

Difference of pressure between two points

What is the depth of flow in case most economical circular section considering maximum velocity?

0.81D

For a channel to be economic which of the following parameters should be minimum?

Wetted perimeter

Which geometric parameter determines the efficiency of the channel?

Hydraulic radius

The ratio of inertia force and gravitational force is called as ______

Froude’s number

Water hammer pressure can be considerably reduced using

slow closing valves

The phenomenon of water hammer takes place in pipes

when fluid is suddenly brought to rest by closing the valve

The magnitude of water hammer effect in a pipe depends on

all of the above

The ratio of absolute viscosity to mass density is known as

Kinematic viscosity

Two pipe systems are said to be equivalent when

head loss and discharge are same in two systems

Which of the following conditions is valid in the case of flow through parallel pipes?

The rate of discharge in the main line is equal to the sum of discharges in each of the parallel pipes

In series – pipe problems

the discharge is same through each pipe

Minor losses do not make any serious effect in

long pipes

Minor losses occur due to

all of the above

Which one of the following is a major loss?

frictional loss

The major loss of energy in long pipes is due to

friction

問題一覧

Fluid is a substance that

cannot remain at rest under action of any shear force

Density of water is maximum at

4°C

Property of a fluid by which its own molecules are attracted is called

cohesion

Property of a fluid by which molecules of different kinds of fluids are attracted to each other is called

adhesion

The normal stress in a fluid will be constant in all directions at a point only if

it is at rest

Specific weight of sea water is more that of pure water because it contains

all of the above

Free surface of a liquid tends to contract to the smallest possible area due to force of

surface tension

A liquid would wet the solid, if adhesion forces as compared to cohesion forces are

Barometer is used to measure

atmospheric pressure

Manometer is used to measure

pressure in pipes, channels etc

If cohesion between molecules of a fluid is greater than adhesion between fluid and glass, then the free level of fluid in a dipped glass tube will be

lower than the surface of liquid

When a fluid is subjected to resistance, it undergoes a volumetric change due to

Compressibility

Liquids transmit pressure equally in all the directions. This is according to

Pascal’s law

The rise or depression of liquid in a tube due to surface tension with an increase in size of tube will

decrease

Mercury is often used in barometer because

D. both (b) and (c)

The point in the immersed body through which the resultant pressure of the liquid may be taken to act is known as

center of pressure

Which of the following is the correct relation between centroid (cg) and the center of pressure (cp) of a plane submerged in a liquid?

cp is either at cg or below it

The total pressure force on a plane area is equal to the area multiplied by the intensity of pressure at the centroid, if

all of the above

Choose the wrong statement

The vertical component passes through the center of pressure of the volume

Center of pressure on an inclined plane is

below the centroid

Can center of pressure for a vertical plane submerged surface be ever be above center of gravity?

In a vertically submerged plane surface, pressure at every point remains same.

False

For an inclined plate the pressure intensity at every point differs.

True

The magnitude of total pressure and center of pressure is independent on the shape of the submerged plane surface.

False

What is the variation of total pressure with depth for any submerged surface if we neglect variation in the density?

Linear

The resultant upward pressure of a fluid on a floating body is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body. This definition is according to

Archimedes’ principle

The resultant upward pressure of the fluid on an immersed body is called

buoyant force

What is the principal cause of action of buoyant force on a body submerged partially or fully in fluid?

Displacement of fluid due to submerged body

The center of gravity of the volume of the liquid displaced by an immersed body is called

center of buoyancy

The horizontal component of buoyant force is

zero

The line of action of the buoyant force acts through the

centroid of the displaced volume of fluid

Choose the wrong statement

Center of buoyancy is located above the center of gravity of the displaced liquid

According to the principle of buoyancy a body totally or partially immersed in a fluid will be lifted up by a force equal to

weight of the fluid displaced by the body

How can relatively denser object be made to float on the less dense fluid?

By altering the shape

The conditions for the stable equilibrium of a floating body are

all the above

Metacentric height is given as the distance between

the center of gravity of the body and the meta center

Metacenter is the point of intersection of

buoyant force and the center line of body

When a body floating in a liquid, is displaced slightly, it oscillates about

metacenter

When the ship’s metacenter and center of gravity coincide at same point then the vessel is said to be in

neutral equilibrium

Energy gradient line takes into consideration

potential, kinetic and pressure heads

Hydraulic gradient line takes into consideration

potential and pressure heads only

Which of the following is true?

EGL always drops in the direction of flow

Which of the following is true?

HGL will never be above EGL

The vertical intercept between EGL and HGL is equal to

kinetic head

The slope of HGL will be

equal than that of EGL for a pipe of uniform cross-section

Equation of continuity is based on the principle of conservation of

mass

Bernoulli’s equation deals with the law of conservation of

energy

All the terms of energy in Bernoulli’s equation have dimension of

length

The losses of energy in pipes due to

All of these

The major loss of energy in long pipes is due to

friction

The hydraulic gradient line lies over the centre line of the pipe by an amount equal to the

Pressure head

Free surface of a liquid behaves like a sheet and tends to contract to smallest possible area due to the

Force of cohesion

The intensity of pressure on an immersed surface __________ with the increase in depth

Increases

Capillary action is due to the

All of the above

The pressure measured with the help of a pressure gauge is called

Gauge pressure

The tendency of a liquid surface to contract is due to the following property

Surface Tension

When a tube of smaller diameter is dipped in water, the water rises in the tube with an upward __________ surface.

Concave

Non uniform flow occurs when

Velocity, depth, pressure, etc. change from point to point in the fluid flow

Differential manometer is used to measure

Difference of pressure between two points

What is the depth of flow in case most economical circular section considering maximum velocity?

0.81D

For a channel to be economic which of the following parameters should be minimum?

Wetted perimeter

Which geometric parameter determines the efficiency of the channel?

Hydraulic radius

The ratio of inertia force and gravitational force is called as ______

Froude’s number

Water hammer pressure can be considerably reduced using

slow closing valves

The phenomenon of water hammer takes place in pipes

when fluid is suddenly brought to rest by closing the valve

The magnitude of water hammer effect in a pipe depends on

all of the above

The ratio of absolute viscosity to mass density is known as

Kinematic viscosity

Two pipe systems are said to be equivalent when

head loss and discharge are same in two systems

Which of the following conditions is valid in the case of flow through parallel pipes?

The rate of discharge in the main line is equal to the sum of discharges in each of the parallel pipes

In series – pipe problems

the discharge is same through each pipe

Minor losses do not make any serious effect in

long pipes

Minor losses occur due to

all of the above

Which one of the following is a major loss?

frictional loss

The major loss of energy in long pipes is due to

friction