問題一覧
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Hyoid Bone
only connected to ligaments and muscles
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Mastoid process
muscle attachments
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Muscle of Mastication (chewing muscle)
-Attached to the mandible -Four pairs -Developed from the first pharyngeal arch
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Muscle of Mastication (chewing muscle)
innerverted by the fifth cranial nerve(Trigeminal nerve)
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Sternocleidomastoid Muscle
-External carotid artery
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The circulatory system
-Blood enters into the right atrium from the body -Travels to the right ventricle -pulmonary artery -blood returns to left atrium -pumped to left ventricle -Blood leaves the heart by way of the aorta 🫀
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The heart has
4 chambers
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Carotid sinus
sense blood pressure
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Facial Artery
corner of the eye
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The jugular vein
is the largest
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Number of bones in the skull
22
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Picture
mandible
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What are the four major muscles of mastication
-Masseter -Temporalis -Medial Pterygoid -Lateral Pterygoid
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Masseter Muscle
Function:Closes jaw/Elevate mandible Insertion: Lateral side of the angle of mandible Orgin:Zygomatic arch Blood supply: Maxillary artery
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Temporal Muscle
Function:Closes jaw and retrudes jaw Insertion:Coronoid process Orgin:Temporal Fossa Blood supply:Maxillary artery
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Aorta
-Largest artery/vessel in the body that carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the remainder of the body
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What are the functions of the soft palate?
Speech and Swallowing
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Buccinator is located
in the cheeks
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Orbicularis oculi
encircles the eye and move the skin around your eye
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Platysma
creates the profile of your neck, attaches the mandible to the clavicle
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Occipitofrontalis
raises the forehead skin
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Posterior auricular muscle
This muscle pulls the ear back
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Superior auricular muscle
This muscle raises the ear
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Anterior auricular muscle
pulls the ear slightly forward
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Supraperiosteal injection
affects the teeth, periodontum and gigivae
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What are the anatomical types of anesthetic injection
-infiltration -Supraperiosteal -Regional nerve block
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What is Ludwig Angina?
-infection of the submandibular and sublingual glands -Asphyxiation is the most common cause of death in this disease
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What is lymphadenopathy and why is it important to dentists and dental Assistants?
-Enlargement of lymph nodes and so dentist and assistant are aware of any infection
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What is the function of the lymphatic system?
Filtration of debris and bacteria from the blood
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Olfactory(nerve 1)
-Sensory -Sense of smell
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Optic(Nerve 2)
-Sensory -Sense of sight
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Occlomotor(Nerve 3)
-Motor -Muscle that moves the eye
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Trigeminal(Nerve 5)
-Mixed - nerves to the teeth, oral cavity, tongue, maxillary sinus and nasal cavity
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Facial(Nerve 7)
-Mixed - facial expressions -some taste from tongue
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Hypoglossal(Nerve 12)
-Motor -Supplies intrinsic and extrinsic muscle of the tongue except the palatoglosus
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Autonomic nervous system
-Sympathetic -fight or flight mechanism -Calms you down
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What are the different spinal nerves?
cervical nerve, Thoracic nerve, Lumbar nerve, Sacral nerve, Coccygeal nerve
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Know the anatomy of the spinal cord
-Dorsal root(Sensory root- brings signals back) -Ventral root(Motor root- carries signals out)
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What does the central nervous system consist of?
brain and spinal cord
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White matter is
Axons, myelin sheet
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Gray matter
is a cell body
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Three branches of the Trigeminal nerve
Maxillary, mandibular and opathalmic nerves
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Pterygoid plexus of veins
The maxillary vein is formed by an intertwining network of veins
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Posterior superior Alveolar Artery
Maxillary Molars
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Premolars are part of which artery?
middle superior artery
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Front of the mouth
Anterior Superior Alveolar Artery
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Mandibular Teeth
Inferior Alveolar Artery
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Lidocaine(EPI)
most common drug
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Mepivicaine(no EPI)
heart problems
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Articaine
mandibular injections
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Teeth numbering
na
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Bone picture
na
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What are two major branches of the carotid artery and what anatomic structures they supply?
-The internal carotid: Enters the skull and supplies the eye and brain -The external carotid: Has many branches that supply the structure of the face
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How many cranial nerves are there?
12
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Sternocleidomastoid
-Involve in tilting and rotating the head Origin: In upper border sternum and medial third of clavicle Insert:Into mastoid process of temporal bone Innervated: by the eleventh cranial nerve (Accessory nerve)
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Molars
-Four or five cusps - cusp of carabelli(Maxillary first molar) -three canals three or more roots
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Premolars have
two roots two canals
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If there is an infection in the tooth is because
Low ph of patient tissue
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What are two major branches of the carotid artery and what anatomic structures they supply?
-The internal carotid: Enters the skull and supplies the eye and brain -The external carotid: Has many branches that supply the structure of the face
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glossopharyngeal(nerve 9)
-mixed - sensations to pain, pressure, and temperature
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The face have how many bones?
14