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1
Which of the following statement is FALSE?
All rights exercised in relation to land have proprietory status only.
2
Which of the following statement is FALSE?
A person’s rights over a piece of land extend to only the lower airspace above the physical surface area of that land and limit to the height of a person.
3
Which of the following statement is TRUE?
The greater the degree of annexation the more likely an object is deemed to be a fixture.
4
Which one of the following interests can be legal or equitable in status depending upon how it has been created?
Easement
5
Which of the following is correct? (i) A lease gives a right to exclusive possession of a property. (ii) A lease creates an interest in land. (iii) A lease is assignable.
(i), (ii), (iii)
6
Which of the following is NOT a requirement of a purchaser who wishes to take free from an equitable interest, such as beneficial interest, under the doctrine of notice?
He must be a donee who gets the land for free.
7
Under the Lot Numbering System, what type of property does Mk 12 Lot U33445Y represent?
A unit in the condominium.
8
Which type of legal interest in land is not automatically binding upon a purchaser of land?
Right of entry.
9
Which of the following statement is FALSE in respect of the fee simple absolute in possession?
It is an estate in land liable to end upon the occurrence of a specified event.
10
Which of the following is correct?
A 'white' site is a plot of land in which the owner can change the use of land without the need to pay differential premium.
11
Whose signature is not required in the trust deed?
Beneficiary
12
Mr A bought a property and mortgage it to a bank. He leased it to Mr B for 3 years. He found out that there's an easement created with piping running below the land when the estate was first developed. List the following in order of interest (more to less).
Easement, mortgage, lease
13
Party wall between a pair of Semi-detached houses (i) is a right of support (ii) owners of both units are to maintain the party wall (iii) owners of either unit is to maintain the party wall (iv) neither unit can remove the party wall
(i), (ii) & (iv)
14
James and Jimmy are siblings. Recent, they bought a terrace house together and registered it in the name of 'James and Jimmy in unity of interest'. They wish to give each other the assurance that no one will be homeless in the event that one of them passes on. In the light of this, the house is likely to be held under:
Joint Tenancy
15
Which of the following statements is/are correct? (i) In a tenancy-in-common, there is no right of survivorship. (ii) In a tenancy-in-common, each owner has a distinct but undivided share of land. (iii) In a tenancy-in-common, each owner's share in the land may be equal. But they do not need to be equal. (iv) The land owners of tenancy-in-common can give away their shares by a Will to his successor-in-title or next-of-kin.
(i), (ii), (iii) & (iv)
16
In respect of a lease created, which one of the following is NOT a requirement for the burden of a covenant to pass to an assignee?
Positive covenant
17
Which of the following is a key feature of a trust for sale?
Trustee has a power to sell
18
Which of the following statement is TRUE?
The creation of an implied trust need not be manifested in writing to be valid.
19
Which of the following statement is FALSE in respect of a trust of land?
A trustee must also be a beneficiary under the trust.
20
Which of the following statement is TRUE in respect of a trust of land?
Beneficiaries of the trust can, in certain circumstances, remove a trustee or require a trustee to retire.
21
Which of the following statement is TRUE in respect of a trust of land?
The starting position that trustees have all powers of an absolute owner an be curtailed by express provision in the disposition creating the trust of land.
22
Which of the following statement is FALSE in respect of a trust of land?
Trustees have the powers to restrict or exclude one or more the beneficiaries from occupying the trust land, and if trustees cannot reach a unanimous decision, the decision of the majority will be applied.
23
Which of the following statement is TRUE?
A tenency in common requires the unity of possession only.
24
Which of the following is NOT an effective mode of severance?
An oral declaration of an intent to sever
25
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
Severance generally has an effect on the severing tenant only.
26
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
A person who has a license to occupy land will be able to enforce that license against a third party.
27
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
Upon revocation of a bare license, the licensee shall decide when to leave the licensor's land.
28
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
A licensor can revoke a contractual license at any time and when this occurs, the licensee must leave the licensor's land immediately without notice.
29
A license only has a personal right, what type of right does a lease have?
Proprietary right
30
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
A right that confers a benefit on the current owner of the dominant tenement cannot be an easement.
31
What is the meaning of the phrase 'the right must lie in grant' in an easement?
The right must be capable of being granted by the Servient tenement.
32
An estate in land. The term "estate" refers to:
The extent of interest which a person has in land or real property.
33
Margaret is the owner of a piece of land known as Plot A. Martha is the owner of a plot of land known as Plot B, which is located just beside Plot A. When Martha bought Plot B, she was aware that she was not allowed to build any structure on her own land which obstructs light to Margaret's house. Which of the following is correct? (i) Plot A is known as the dominant tenement while plot B is known as the Servient tenement, (ii) Margaret enjoys a "right of light" over Martha's land. (iii) A right of light is a negative easement that forbids Martha from doing something on her own land for the benefit of the owner of the dominant tenement. (iv) An easement "runs with the land". This simply means that the easement will pass on to the new owner who has just bought over the Servient tenement.
(i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
34
John is the owner of a fee simple estate in a property. He grants the property "to Mary for life remainder, in fee simple to Peter". Mary has the right to occupy the property during her lifetime. In this case, Mary has a _______________ on the property.
Life estate
35
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
A mortgage can only be created over a freehold estate.
36
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
A mortgagee is obliged to incur additional expense, where appropriate, to achieve a higher price for the mortgaged property at sale at all times.
37
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
The equity of redemption is the ability to redeem the mortgage even after the legal date for redemption has passed.
38
In what way a 3-year tenancy and a 3-year license are similar? (i) Both tenant and licensee can offer shorter periods to another party as long as it is within the 3-year period. (ii) Both can be assigned to another party without the owner's permission. (iii) Both give a right to use the property within the 3-year period to the respective holders. (iv) The equity of redemption is the ability to redeem the mortgage even after the legal date for redemption has passed.
(iii) and (iv)
39
What is the similarity between tenancy-in-common and joint tenancy? They both have
Unity of Possession
40
Three brothers, A, B, and C, co-own a property under joint tenancy. C unilaterally severed his share to tenancy-in-common and will it to his wife. What happens upon C's death?
A and B co-own the property under joint tenancy.
41
Three brothers, A, B, and C, co-own a property under joint tenancy. C unilaterally severed his share to tenancy-in-common and will it to his wife. What happens upon C's death?
A and B own 2/3 shares jointly. C's wife owns 1/3 share as tenant-in-common.
42
One of the tests used by courts to determine whether a chattel is a fixture is:
Degree of annexation test
43
Which of the following statements is/are correct? (i) In a joint tenancy, when one party dies, interest in the land passes to the other surviving co-owner(s). (ii) A joint tenancy has 4 unities. They are unity of possession, interest, title and time. (iii) A joint tenancy can be severed and converted to tenancy-in-common and vice-versa. (iv) A joint tenant cannot transfer his interest in the land by writing out a will because the rule of survivorship takes precedence over any disposition in his will.
(i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
44
Which of the following instrument has a reversionary interest in nature?
Leasehold title
45
Land A has a right of way over the adjacent site, Land B. Which is the correct statement?
Land B is the servient tenement and Land A is the dominant tenement.
46
When May used Tim's money without his permission & bought a property under her name, the property
belonged to Tim
47
REITs are
All of the above
48
Which of the following is/are correct? (i) Mortgage is whereby the mortgagors transfer the rights to mortgagee. (ii) Mortgage allows mortgagors to foreclose the property. (iii) Mortgagee has the right to redeem equity. (iv) Mortgagee has rights over beneficiary rights.
Only (iv) is correct
49
Which of the following is not Real Property?
Developer's show flat
50
Which of the following is/are correct? (i) Estate in Fee Simple is a leasehold estate. (ii) Estate in Perpetuity is a freehold estate. (iii) Estate in Perpetuity is subject to Statutory Land Grant (SLG).
(ii) and (iii)
51
The tenant installed a ceiling light during the lease term. Is the tenant allowed to remove the ceiling light after the lease term?
Yes, the ceiling light is Tenant's property.
52
Which of the following is not a test on fixture?
Fixed for own enjoyment
53
Jason bought a show-flat from a developer at $2.0 million. The sale of the flat includes wooden ceilings, lightings, curtains, refrigerator and a washing machine. Which of the said items are 'fixtures'? (i) Wooden ceilings (ii) Ceiling lights (iii) Curtains (iv) Refrigerators and washing machine
(i) and (ii) only
54
Based on the facts given in the question above, will Jason be able to get all the items mentioned in the sale transaction upon completion of the sale? (i) Yes. Jason will be able to get all the fixtures only. (ii) No. Jason is entitled to all fittings only. (iii) Yes. Jason is entitled to all the fixtures and fittings as listed in the inventory list that is attached to the Sale and Purchase Agreement.
(iii) only
55
Which of the following does not have a future interest in land?
Freehold interest
56
Land includes: (i) air space above the land (ii) tree (iii) Minerals below the land (iv) Building
All of them
57
Wife and husband jointly own the property under tenancy-in-common. Husband wills his share to his son. Upon his death, the son is an adult and owns a residential property himself. This property that the son inherits is
not subject to ABSD nor BSD
58
Express Trusts __________
is done with a Deed
59
Resulting Trusts __________
is determined by court judgement
60
Mr Lim passes away with a will. His Executor needs to get a __________ from court.
Grant of probate
61
State grant lease, fee simple and statutory land grant. These are __________ of land.
Land Tenure
62
Easement is a/an __________.
Incorporeal hereditament
63
John would like to remove the ceiling fan from the property that he is selling. Which of the following hoes he have to prove before he can remove it?
That he installed it for enjoyment and not meant to be fixed to his property permanently.
64
Which of the following has no valid license?
John's goods were not shipped due to bad weather and he left his 6 containers at the port without getting a permit.
65
Anthony bought a property with his wife and sister under joint tenancy. The co-ownership is converted to tenancy-in-common if
Anthony divorces his wife
66
Glenn's property is in a tree conservation area. When he sells the property to Brenda, the burden is
passed on to Brenda as state covenants bind successive parties.
67
Which is not a future interest for Harry?
Harry owns a property that is currently under construction.
68
A covenant is an agreement that creates an obligation. This obligation comes in the form of duties to do something (a positive covenant) or a promise not to do something (a negative covenant) on a plot of land. This obligation is contained in a deed. Which of the following is correct: (i) The person who makes the covenant is called the covenantor. (ii) The person to whom the promise is made is called the convenantee. (iii) The covenantee's land is known as the dominant tenement. (iv) The covenantee's land is known as the servient tenement.
(i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
69
Which is NOT considered land in Singapore?
A food carnival along Orchard Road.
70
Jimmy is the sole owner of a fully-paid up house. He died prematurely in a car accident and left a surviving wife with no children and no other next of kin. He did not leave behind any will. How is his estate distributed under the Intestate Succession Act? (i) His wife will get nothing because he did not leave behind a will to give her the house. (ii) His wife will get half-share of his house with the balance going to Jimmy's siblings. (iii) His wife will get 100% of his estate.
(iii) only
71
Mia passes her estate to Sean for his lifetime and the remainder of the fee simple estate to Olive.
Olive has the remainder succession of the fee simple property when Sean passes away.
72
Jack assigns life estate to his son, Luke, and the remainder of see simple to his granddaughter B.
Luke can rent out the house during his lifetime.
73
Peter's parents gave him a bungalow as a wedding gift. A year later, the mother found that his father was a heavy gambler. She decided to divorce him. She later remarried and wanted to take back the bungalow. Peter's father declared bankrupt within a year. What is the situation?
Peter has to surrender the bungalow within 3 years if one of his parents were to go bankrupt.
74
Which of the following best describes Tenant-in-common?
All owners are like shareholders.
75
Which of the following is a form of property investment?
Buy REITs
76
The owner of the landed property is renovating his house and is told by the neighbour to shore up the shared wall. The land which carries such a burden is called the __________.
Servient tenement
77
Jason recently got married. He bought a shop under tenancy-in-common with James and each co-owned 50% shares. Jason died without a will.
Jason's wife will inherit Jason's 50% shares.
78
The linkway to MRT station that cuts through XYZ Building is __________.
an incorporeal hereditament
79
James, the house owner, transfers his house to his brother, Peter on the express understanding that he is to hold and manage it for the benefit of his three-year-old daughter called Mary until she reaches legal age. Which of the following statements is/are correct? In this case: (i) Peter is called the trustee. (ii) Peter has a legal interest in the property. (iii) Mary is called the beneficiary. (iv) Mary is the beneficial owner of the property.
(i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
80
John is the owner of two adjoining plots of land, known as Plot A and Plot B. Plot A is located on higher ground. He sold plot B to James on the express understanding that James is not allowed to build any structure of more than two-storey on Plot B, so as not to block the light to his house. This restriction placed on James is known as a:
Restrictive covenant
81
Peter bought a terrace house where NPark prohibits the tree to be more than 2m tall. This prohibition by NPark is known as
A restrictive covenant that runs with the land
82
Building A enjoys an easement of light over Building B, which means that there is a height limit imposed on Building B by the owner of Building A. What is the land that enjoys the easement known as?
Dominant tenement
83
John is the owner of a terraced house at Serangoon Garden. He rented out his house to Janet for 3 years at $5000 per month. He will be able to take back possession of the house only at the end of the 3rd year. Legally speaking, John is said to have a __________ in the property.
Reversionary interest
84
A person, who purchases a lot in a development with restrictive covenants, is legally bound by the limitation, such as zoning because such rights are said to
run with the land
85
What is the unique feature of a joint tenancy?
It confers the right of survivorship.
86
A Joint-Tenancy can be severed to Tenancy-in-Common by way of: (i) Alienation (ii) Partition (iii) Unilateral declaration
(i), (ii) and (iii)
87
Despite the lack of deed, the lender of an equitable mortgage may register the memorandum to secure: (i) Third-party interest (ii) Right of foreclosure (iii) Priority over other unregistered interest
(i), (ii) & (iii)
88
Equitable mortgages may be created informally
by the deposit of title deeds.
89
Which of the following situation does not have a future interest in land?
Buying a freehold property that is currently under construction.
90
The following can be seen when taking MRT. Which of the following is legally considered as land? (i) MRT Train (ii) Train Track (iii) Overhead electronic signboard attached to the platform (iv) MRT Platform
All but (i)
91
When the state reserves the rights to lay pipes below your land, such rights are known as utility __________.
Easement
92
John and Mary (husband and wife) bought a detached house. The house is registered in the name of 'John and Mary'. In light of this, the house is likely to be held under
Either Joint Tenancy or Tenancy-in-common
93
Interest in land means there are rights over land. These interest or rights are:
All of the above
94
Muthu owns a bungalow house with a land lease of 999 years. He subdivides the land into two and builds a pair of Semi-D. What is the title for each of the Semi-D?
Certificate of Title
95
Which of the following is revocable in nature?
License
96
At common law, the term "land" refers to the surface of the earth, together with buildings, minerals, trees, lower air space, subterranean, corporeal and incorporeal hereditaments and fixtures. Which of the following statement(s) is/are incorrect? (i) Land is immovable property. (ii) Land includes overhead bridges and underground tunnels. (iii) Incorporeal hereditaments refer to visible and tangible objects like houses and buildings which can be physically possessed.
(iii) only
97
Which of the following is an Accessory lot?
MK16-A165M
98
An easement will be terminated in any of the following ways: (i) By statute law: abandoned by the Dominant Tenement for more than 12 years. (ii) By express release by the Dominant Tenement. (iii) By implied release by the Servient Tenement.
(i) & (ii)
99
Interest in a trust is
A personal agreement between the trustee and the beneficiary.
100
Joint Tenancy can be best described as: (i) Undivided interest (ii) Right of Survivorship (iii) Equal share of profits (iv) None of the above.
(i) & (ii)