BIOSTAT-CHAPTER-9

38問 • 1年前

問題一覧

a sus-descipline of epidemiology that focuses on the role of genetic factors in determining health and disease population

genetic epidemiology

aims to identify specific genes, gene variant, or gene environment interactions

genetic epidemiology

the molecule that carries the genetic information in cells

deoxyribonucleic acid

made up of a long sequence of four nucleotide base

DNA

DNA four nucleotide bases

ATCG

e segment of DNA that contains the instructions for making a specific protein

genes

building blocks of the body, they play essential roles in various biological processes, such as cellular growth repair, immune function, and metabolism

proteins

the complete set of DNA in an organism, including all it's genes and non-organic regions

genomes

the human genome contains approximately _____-_____ protein-coding genes and numerous non coding element

20000-25000

are long, thread like structures made up of DNA and proteins

chromosomes

they carry genetic information in cells

chromosomes

humans have ____ pair of chromosomes

pairs of autosomes in human (non-sex chromosomes)

the genetic makeup of an individual

genotype

the observable traits of characteristics of an individual

phenotype

they are influenced by both genetic factor and environmantal factors

phenotype

a variant from a gene

alleles

those that are expressed when only one copy of the dominant allele is present, whereas recessive traits require two copies of the recessive allele for expression

dominant and recessive traits

refers to the differences in DNA sequences between individuals within a population

genetic variation

arises from processes such as mutations, genetic recombination during sexual reproduction, and gene flow between populations

genetic variation

the most common type of genetic variation in humas

single nucleotide polymorphisms

they occur when a single nucleotide base in DNA sequence is altered

single nucleotide polymorphism

medicine is an emerging field that involves the use of genomic information to guide clinical decision-making

genomic medicine

these studies investigate the ingeritance patterns of disease and traits within family studies

family studies

compare the concordance of tritd or disease between monoxygotic and dizygotic

twin studies

a study that compare the occurance of traits or disease between adopted individuals and their bilogical adoptive families

adoption studies

study that compare the frequency of genetic variants

case control studies

a group of individual is followed overtime to examine the relationship between genetic factor

cohort studies

a case control study that study the association between a large number of genetic viariation

genome wide association studies

focus on the association between specific gene or genetic variants and a disease or trait

candidate gene studies

use genetic variation as instrumental variables to estimate the causal effect of an exposure

mandelian randomized studies

refer to the combine effect of genetic and environmental factors on development and progression of disease or traits

gene-environment interactions

GEWIS stands for

gene-environment-wide interaction studies

a type of study design that aims to systematically investigate gene-environment interactions across the entire genome

gene-environment-wide interaction studies

can provide valuable insights into the complex interplay between genes and invironmental factors in the development of disease

GEWIS

a subfield of epidemiology that studies the role of nutrition in the development and prevention of disease at the population level

nutritional epidemiology

tools used to collect information about individuals food nutrient intake

dietary assessment methods

objective measures of dietary intake or nutritional status bases on biological samples such as blood, urine or tissue

nutrient biomakers

CHAPTER-9

ユーザ名非公開 · 50問 · 1年前

CHAPTER-9