Most commonly used method, aiding aolute molecules lower temperature that freeze

Migration of charged particles in an electric field. It separates proteins based on their electric densities.

separates by molecular size

separates by electrical charge

separates on the basis of charge and molecular size; separates proteins into 20 fractions used to study isoenzymesseparates

it measures the absorbance of stain-concentration of the dye and protein fraction

- sample molecules are separated by electro-osmotic flow - it utilizes nanoliter quantities

has a net charge that can either be negative or positivhas a net charge that can either be negative or positive

migration of small, charged ions

the migration of charged macromolecules

Ionizes molecules, then separates and identifies ions depending on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z)

It involves doing mass analysis twice

It is the separation of soluble components in a solution by specific differences in physical- chemical characteristics of the different constituents, with a mobile phase and a stationary phase.

it is used for the fractionation of sugar and amino acid

Sorbent: paper chromatography

It is a semiquantitative drug screening test

the gold standard in drug testing for identification and quantitation of drugs in body fluids

it is the method of choice for thermolabile compounds to achieve better separation of analytes

the most widely used liquid chromatography

it uses pressure for fast separations, controlled temperature, in-line detectors, and gradient elution technique

Ionized samples are separated based on their mass-to-charge ratio and measured by determining the time it takes for the ions to travel to a detector at the end of a time-of-flight tube.

The measurement of current or voltage generated by the activity of a specific ion.

measurement of potential (voltage) between two electrodes in a solution to measure analyte concentration

consists of mercury in contact with a solution that is saturated with mercurous chloride and a known concentration of potassium chloride

consists of a silver electrode immersed in potassium chloride solution that has been saturated with silver chloride

It is very sensitive and measures the activity of one ion

The measurement of the amount of electricity (in coulombs) at a fixed pot

The measurement of the current flow produced by an oxidation reaction

The measurement of current after which a potential is applied to an electrochemical cell