What is the clearance volumetric efficiency of an ammonia compressor designed with 4 % clearance and operating between condenser temperature of 30 °C (Par = 1.1672 MPaa) and evaporator temperature of 4 °C (pat = 497.48 kPaa)?

An air compressor takes in 9 kg/min of air at 98 kPa; V1 = 0.125 m3/kg and discharges it at 680 kPa; V2 = 0.03 m3/kg. The increase of internal energy is 93 kJ/kg and the work done on air is 163 kJ/kg; the change in potential and kinetic energy are neglected. How much heat is transferred per kg of air?

In an 9,000 KW hydro-electric plant the over-all efficiency is 88% and the actual power received by the customer is 110,000 KW-hrs for that day. What is the secondary power could this plant deliver during the entire day?

A plate-type solar energy collector with an absorbing surface covered by a glass plate is to receive an incident radiation of 800 W/m2. The glass plate has a reflectivity of 0.12 and a transmissivity of 0.85. The absorbing surface has an absorptivity of 0.90. The area of the collector is 5m2. How much solar energy in watts is absorbed by the collector?

Determine the air-fuel ratio on a molar basis for the complete combustion of octane, with theoretical amount of air.

A steam turbine with 85% stage efficiency receives steam at 7 MPa and 550°C and exhausts as 20 kPa. Determine the turbine work.At 7 MPa and 550°C: h1=3530.9 kJ/kg s1 = 6.9486 At 20 kPa (0.020 MPa): Sf = 0.8320 hf= 251.40 sfg = 7.0766 hfg = 2358.3

In a double acting 2-stroke cycle engine, 8 cylinder, the diameter of the cylinder is 700 mm, and the stroke is 1350 mm and the piston rod diameter is 250 mm. Running at 108 rpm, indicated mean effective pressure above and below the piston are 5.85 and 4.90 Bar respectively, calculate the brake power of the engine in KW if the mechanical efficiency is 80%.

An adiabatic tank containing air is used to power an air turbine during times of peak power demand. The tank has a volume of 500 m3 and contains air at 1000 kPa and 5000K. The temperature at this instant.

Air pass thru a nozzle with efficiency of 90%. The velocity of air at the exit is 600m/s. Find the actual velocity at the exit.

A 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝐦𝐦 𝐱 𝟐𝟓𝟎𝐦𝐦, 𝟒-𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐨𝐤𝐞 diesel engine has a brake power of 150 kW. The mechanical effeciency is 80%. If two of the cylinders were accidentally cut off, what will be the new friction power?

Consider 1 kg of air at 32°C that expanded by a reversible polytropic process with n = 1.25 until the pressure is halved. Determine the heat transfer. Specific heat at constant volume for air is 0.1786 kJ/kg.K.

A pump discharges 550 gpm of water to a height of 35 ft. With an efficiency of 80%, what is the power input?

A Carnot cycle engine has a sink temperature of 45°C. Its thermal efficiency is 48.20%. The heat rejected is 742 KJ/min. Determine the power output in KW.

What is the power ratio of a pump and its 1/5 scale model if the ratio of heads is 4 to 1?

A spherical balloon with a diameter of 6 m is filled with helium at 20 deg C and 200 kpa. Determine the mole number.

The work done on air is 10.86 kJ/kg, determine the compressor power if it is receiving 272 kg/min if air.

How many days would an inventory of 1000 bbl of fuel oil with a relative density of 0.90 at an evaporating temperature of 35°C is consumed if used in a 9 MW diesel engine with a full load brake thermal efficiency of 34% at rated load.

Steam flows through a nozzle at 400°C and 1 Mpa (h = 3263.9 KJ/kg) with velocity of 300 m/s. Find the stagnation enthalpy.

A rectangular foundation cross-section has a bed plate dimension of 8 ft x 10 ft. The uniform clearance on each side 1 ft. The height of foundation is 4.5 ft. If the weight of the steel bar reinforcements needed is 12% of weight of foundation, find the weight of steel bars. Use concrete density of 2400 kg/m3.

A centrifugal pump (efficiency 88%) lifts water through a total height of 40m from reservoir to discharge. Pumping is through 300m of 75mm diameter pipe at the rate of 20 liter/sec. If pipe friction factor, f = 0.025, what horsepower is required?

Find the Enthalphy of helium if its internal energy is 200 kj/kg

One piston of a hydraulic press has an area of 1 cm2. The other piston has an area of 25 cm2. If a force of 150 N is applied on the smaller piston, what will be the total force on the larger piston is both piston surfaces are the same level?

A car moving at 70 km/hr has a mass of 1700 kg. What force is necessary decelerate it at rate of 40 cm/s2.

An engine has an efficiency of 26%. It uses 2 gallons of gasoline per hour. Gasoline has a heating value of 20,500 BTU/Ibm and a specific gravity of 0.8. What is the power output of the engine?

The enthalpy of ground water in a 19 MW geothermal power plant is 1000 KJ/kg, if the quality after throttling is 28% and overall plant efficiency is 20%. What is the mass flow rate of steam entering the turbine?

A steam turbine with 80% stage efficiency receives steam 20 at 7 MPa and 550°C and exhausts as Determine the quality at exhaust.At 7 MPa and 550°C: hi = 3530.9 kJ/kgs = 6.9486At 20 kPa (0.020 MPa):s = 0.8320h, = 251.40

In a constant temperature, closed system process, 100 BTU of heat is transferred to the working fluid at 100 °F. What is the change in entropy of the working fluid?

A Pelton type turbine has 25 m head friction loss of 4.5 m. The coefficient of friction head loss (from Morse) is 0.00093 and penstock length of 80 m. What is the penstock diameter?

Steam flows through a nozzle at 400°C and 1 Mpa (h = 3263.9 KJ/kg) with velocity of 300 m/s. Find the stagnation enthalpy.

Determine the specific weight of air at 760 mmHg absolute and 22 °C?

An impulse wheel at best produces 125 hp under a head of 210 ft. By what percent should the speed be increased for a 290-ft head?

Find the pressure at the 100 fathom depth of water in kpag.

Carbon dioxide flows through a nozzle with a speed of 380 m/s. The entrance condition of nozzle is 250°C and 1200 kpa. Find the stagnation pressure.

The temperature inside a fumace is 320 °C and temperature of the outside is - 10 °C. What is the temperature difference in °R.

How many hours would it take to boil down 1.2 kg of water in a kettle if a constant supply of heat at 1.25 KW is supplied to the kettle?

Air enters a diffuser with a velocity of 200 m/s. Determine the velocity of sound if air temperature is 30°C.

What is the specific gravity of a fuel at 28° Baume?

A bicycle tire has a volume of 600 cm3. It is inflated with carbon dioxide to pressure of 551.43 kPa at 20 °C. How many grams of CO2 are contained in the tire? Rco2 = 0.18896 kJ/kg.K

An air standard engine has a compression ratio of 18 and a cut-off ratio of 4. If the intake air pressure and temperature are 100 kPa and 27°C, find the work in kJ per kg.

A 75 hp motor that has an efficiency of 91% is worn out and is replaced by a high-efficiency motor that has an efficiency of 95.4%. Determine the reduction in heat gain of the room due to higher efficiency under full-load conditions.

A two- stage air compressor air at 100 Kpa and 22°C discharges to 750 Kpa. If intercooler intake is 105°C, determine the value of n.

Steam leaves an industrial boiler at 827.4 kPa and 171.6°C. A portion of the steam is passed through a throttling calorimeter and is exhausted to the atmosphere when the calorimeter pressure is 101.4 kPa. How much moisture does the steam leaving the boiler contain if the temperature of the steam at the calorimeter is 115.6°C?At 827.4 kPa (171.6°C)h- 727.25 kJ/kgh=2043.2 kJ/kg From table 3:At 101.4 kPa and 115.6°C h2= 2707.6 kJ/kg

The enthalpy of refrigerant is 359 KJ/kg at the compressor entrance and 381 KJ/kg at the compressor exit. The rate of refrigerant flow is 62 kg/min. The heat loss from the compressor is 12% of the work input. Determine the power input in KW.

Pump at its best efficiency point (BEP) has a capacity of 10,500 gpm while developing a head of 60 ft at a rotative speed of 1450 rpm. What is the spwcific speed of pump

Calculate the power that can be developed from a hydro electric power plant having ff.data: Catchment's area = 90km2 Average annual rain fall = 120cm Run-off = 85% Available head = 350 m Over all Station efficiency = 75%

The pressure of 750 mm Hg in kN/m2.

A pump in a municipality's water-supply system receives water from the filtration beds and pumps it up to the top of a water tower. The tower's height is 35 m, and the inlet piping to the pump is 2 m below the pump's intake. The water temperature is 20°C, measured at both the inlet and the discharge from the pump. The mass flow rate through the pump is 100 kg/s, the diameter of the inlet piping is 25 cm, and the diameter of the discharge piping is 15 cm. Determine the power required by the pump.

A model pump delivering water at 180°F (y = 60.6 lb/ft3; Prapor = 7.54 psia) at 900 gpm and 2500 rpm begins to cavitate when the inlet pressure and velocity are 13 psia and 22 fps. Find the required NPSH of a prototype which is 4 times larger and runs at 1100 rpm.

A turbine has a peripheral coefficient of 0.6. Find the runner diameter of the turbine if it operates at 450 rpm and a head of 60 m.

An insulated rigid tank initially contains 1.5 lb of helium at 80°F and 50 psia. A paddle wheel with power rating of 0.02 hp is operated within the tank for 30 min. Determine the final temperature.

An ideal gas mixture consists of 2 kmol of No2 and 6 kmol of Co2. The apparent gas constant of mixture is:

A reciprocating compressor handles 1,400 cfm of air measured at intake where p1= 18 psia and t1= 90°F. The discharge pressure is 92 psia. Calculate the work if the process of the compression is isothermal.

A certain coal has the following ultimate analysis:C 69%N2 = 5%H2 = 2.5%S = 7% Determine the amount of oxygen if the heating value of fuel is 26,961.45 kJ/kg

From the Blasius solution for laminar boundary layer flow, the average coefficient of skin friction is C, = 1.328/√Re.If air flowing past a 33 feet long plate at a velocity of 100 ft/sec, what is the force on the plate?

How many cubic meters is 100 gallons of liquid?

A reciprocating compressor handles 1,400 cfm of air measured at intake where p1= 18 psia and t1= 90°F. The discharge pressure is 92 psia. Calculate the work if the process of the compression is isothermal.

Find the air Hp of an industrial fan that delivers 25 m³/s of air through a 900 mm by 1200 mm outlet. Static pressure is 127 mm of water gage and air density is 1.18 kg/m³

Fifty kilograms of cooling water per second enter the condenser at 25°C and leaves at 50°C. Find the heat carried away by water.

Determine the equivalence ratio of the following mixture: 4 grams of butane, CH, and 75 grams of air.

What is the thermal efficiency of an air standard Brayton cycle if the air enters and leaves the gas turbine at 1000°K and 500°K, respectively?

Oil flow though a 16 tubes on a single cooler with a velocity of 2 m/s. The internal diameter of the tube is 30mm and oil density is 0.85 gm/ml. Find the volume flow in liters per sec.

A cylindrical tank 4 m long and 3 m diameter is used for oil storage. How many days can the tank Supply the engine having 27° API with fuel consumption of 60 kg/hr?

Pump at its best efficiency point (BEP) has a capacity of 10,500 gpm while developing a head of 60 ft at a rotative speed of 1450 rpm. What is the spwcific speed of pump

It is desired to double the COP of a reversed Carnot engine for cooling from 5.0 by raising the temperature of heat addition while keeping the temperature of heat rejection constant. By what percentage must the temperature of heat addition be raised?

The refrigerant volume flow rate at the entrance of compressor were obtained from a test on a twin cylinder, single acting 15 cm x 20 cm, 320 rpm compressor ammonia refrigerating a plant to be 33 L/s. Determine the volumetric efficiency of the compressor.

A steam turbine receives 5000 kg/hr of steam at 5 MPa and 400°C and velocity of 30 m/sec. It leaves the turbine at 0.006 MPa and 85% quality and velocity of 15 m/sec. Radiation loss is 10,000 kJ/hr. Find the kW developed. At 5 MPa and 400°C: h1 = 3195.7 kJ/kgs, = 6.6459 At h = 2415.9 0.006 MPa:h, = 151.53

Heat is transferred from hot water to an oil in a double-pipe counter-flow heat exchanger. Water enters the outer pipe at 120 °C and exits at 55 °C while the oil enters the inner pipe at 26 °C and exits at 65 °C. What is the log-mean temperature difference (LMTD)?

In a Rankine cycle, steam enters the turbine at 2.5MPa and a condenser pressure of 50KPa. What is the quality of steam at the turbine exhaust? Steam Properties: @ 2.5Mpaa, h = 2803.1 kJ/kg & s = 6.2575 kJ/kg-°K; @ 50kPaa, h1 = 340.49 kJ/kg, ho= 2305.4 kJ/kg, V = 0.00103 m3/kg, s = 1.0910 kJ/kg-K, Sig= 6.5029 kJ/kg-°K.

In an ammonia refrigeration system the temperature in the evaporator is -12°C and the ammonia at the evaporator entry is 0.1511 dry while at exit is 0.95 dry. If the rate of ammonia circulation is 5.64 kg/min, determine the refrigerating capacity of the system. Enthalpy of saturated liquid and vapor at -12°C is 144.929 kJ/kg and 1447.74 kJ/kg respectively.

𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗹𝗼𝘄𝗲𝗿 𝗵𝗮𝗹𝗳 𝗼𝗳 𝗮 𝟭𝟬𝗺 𝗵𝗶𝗴𝗵 𝗰𝘆𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗿 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗲𝗿 is filled with water and the upper half with oil that has SG = 0.85. Det the pressure difference between the top and bottom of the cylinder.

A 26-hp pump delivers 475 gpm of gasoline (y = 42.5 lb/ft3) at 20°C with 78% efficiency. What pressure rise result across the pump?

The suction pressure of a pump reads 3 in. of mercury vacuum and discharge pressure reads 140 psi is use to deliver 120 gpm of water with specific volume of 0.0163 ft/lb. Determine the pump work.

A pump discharges 550 gpm of water to a height of 35 ft. With an efficiency of 80%, what is the power input?

What pressure is a column of water 100 centimeters high equivalent to?

In an air-standard Brayton cycle, air enters compressor at 1 bar and 15 °C. The pressure leaving the compressor is 0.6 MPaa and maximum temperature of the cycle is 1000 °C. What is the maximum net work, in kJ/kg?

Consider a refrigeration whose 40 watts light bulb remains on continuously as a result of a malfunction of the switch. If the refrigerator has a COP of 1.3 and the cost of electricity is 8 cents per kw-hr, determine the increase in the energy consumption of the refrigerator and its cost per year if the switch is not fixed.

Atmospheric pressure boils at 212°F. At the vacuum pressure at 24 in Hg, the temperature is 142°F. Find the boiling temperature when the pressure is increased by 40 psia from atmospheric.

A pump will be installed below the reservoir water surface with a required net positive suction head (NPSHR) of 50 ft. The barometric pressure is 14.3 psia, and the vapor pressure is 0.5 psía. Assume friction losses in the intake piping are 5 ft. Find the maximum allowable elevation of the pump relative to the water surface intake to avoid cavitation.

Kerosene is pumped into an aircraft fuel tank through a hose that has an inside diameter of 4cm. If the velocity of the kerosene is 8 m/s through the hose. Determine the mass flow rate. Assume that kerosene has a density of 800 kg/m3

Air Is compressed adiabatically from 30°C to 100°C. If mass of air being compressed is 5 kg. And the change in entropy

Compute the humidity ratio of air considering the density at 27°C and 98 kPa is 1.32 kg/m3.

The refrigerant volume flow rate at the entrance of compressor were obtained from a test on a twin cylinder, single acting 15 cm x 20 cm, 320 rpm compressor ammonia refrigerating plant to be 33 L/s. Determine the volumetric efficiency of the compressor.

A heat source ay 800 deg K losses 2000 of heat to a sink at 500 deg K. Determine the entropy generated during this process.

What is the resulting pressure when one pound of air at 15 psia and 200°F is heated at constant volume to 800°F

The indicated thermal efficiency of a two stroke diesel engine is 60%. If friction power is 15% of heat generated, determine the brake thermal efficiency of the engine.

At 35% solution leaves the absorber and 30% solution enters the absorber. The heat removed from the absorber by cooling water is 547.6 Btu and ammonia is superheated by 10°. Find the pound per pound of ammonia gas from the evaporating coils.

An air-vapor mixture has a dry bulb temperature of 30 °C and a humidity ratio of 0.015 kg/kg d.a., calculate the enthalpy of the moist air.

Centrifugal pump at best efficiency point (BEP). Assume the pump characteristic are head, h = 7 m, flow rate, Q = 19 liters/sec, and rotative speed n = 1170 rpm. Find the specific speed in SI units.

A turbine receives 150 lbm/sec of air at 63 psia and 2450°R and expands it polytropically to 14.7 psia. The exponent n is equal to 1.45 for the process. Determine the power.

The upper plate is fixed, while the lower plate moves in the positive x direction at 0.5 m/s. The plate separation is 0.001 m, the fluid viscosity is 0.7cp, and the velocity profile is linear. Calculate the shear stress, ty, in the moving fluid.

Calculate the use factor of a power plant if the capacity factor is 35% and it operates 8000 hrs during the year?

Calculate the Reynolds number, Re, for water at 20 *C flowing in an open channel. The water flowing at a volumetric rate of 200 gal/sec. The channel has a height of 4 feet and a width of 8 feet. At this temperature, water has a kinetic viscosity of 1.104 x 10 ft/sec.

A submersible, multi-stage, centrifugal deep well pump 260 gpm capacity is installed in a well 27 feet below the static water level and running at 3000 rpm. Drawdown when pumping at rated capacity is 10 feet. The pump delivers the water into a 25,000 gallons capacity overhead storage tank. Total discharge head developed by pump, including friction in piping is 243 feet. Calculate the diameter of the impeller of this pump in inches if each impeller diameter developed a head of 38 ft.

A 29.53" x 39.37" pressure vessel contains ammonia with 0.041. Compute the minimum required discharge capacity of the relief device in kg/hr.

Two boiler of equal steaming capacity generate steam to a common header of 15MPa pressure. One boiler produces wet steam. If the mixture is saturated steam, find the quality of the steam in the second boiler @ 1.5 MPa & 250°C @ 1.5 MPa, hr = 845 KJ/kg h = 2925 KJ/kg hig = 1947 KJ/kg

Air flows past a 2" diameter sphere at 100 ft/sec. What is the drag force experienced by the sphere given that it has a coefficient of drag of 0.5 and that the density of the air is 0.00234 slug/ft?

A single acting air compressor with a clearance of 6% takes in air at atmospheric pressure and temperature of 85°F, and discharges it at a pressure of 85 psia. The air handled is 0.25 ft / cycle measured at discharge pressure. If the compression is isentropic, find the piston displacement per cycle, if the compressor is running at 750 rpm.

Ammonia weighing 22 kgs Is confirmed inside a cylinder equipped with a piston has an initial pressure of 413 kPa at 38°C. If 3200 KJ of heat is added to the ammonia until its final pressure and temperature are 413 kPa at 100°C, respectively: what is the amount of work done by the fluid in kJ

A single acting air compressor with a clearance of 6% takes in air at atmospheric pressure and temperature of 85°F, and discharges it at a pressure of 85 psia. The air handled is 0.25 ft / cycle measured at discharge pressure. If the compression is isentropic, find the air hp of the compressor if rpm is 750.

A tank contains 20 kg of air at 200 kPa (gage) and 23°C. During heating process the temperature of air rises. For safety purposes a technician installed a relief-type valve so that pressure of air inside the tank never exceeds 260 kPa (gage). At what air temperature the relief valve will start releasing air?