BFOB chapter 1-5

100問 • 2年前

Maria

通報

問題一覧

________ is the study of the impact that individuals, groups, and structures have on behaviour within organizations.

d.Organizational behaviour

Anthropology has helped us understand differences in values and attitudes between people in different countries.

b.True

As the world has become more global, managers have to become capable of working with people from different cultures.

b.True

Behaviour is generally unpredictable, and the systematic study of behaviour is a means to making reasonably accurate predictions.

b.False

Conflict and power have been major topics of concern for social psychologists.

a.True

Ethical dilemmas are situations in which employees are required to identify right and wrong conduct.

b.True

In good economic conditions, understanding how to reward, satisfy, and retain employees is at a premium, however, in bad times, issues like stress, decision making, and coping come to the fore.

a.True

Janet needs to assign a very important advertising account to one of her writers. First she reviewed each writer's work load, then she studied the sales data of the products for the last three campaigns of each writer, then she reviewed each writer's annual review to familiarize herself with their goals. Finally, she gave the account to Paula, a very creative, efficient writer who has had high sales results with her last three clients' products. Janet's management style is based on ________.

a.scientific study

OB researchers cannot offer reasonably accurate explanations of human behaviour since people act very differently in similar situations.

a.False

Organizational behaviour is a field of study that helps in measuring, understanding, and changing attitudes; identifying communication patterns; and building trust. It has made important contributions to the study of group behaviour, power, and conflict.

a.False

Timothy works with people of various nationalities and faiths. How can he effectively manage people from different cultures?

b.by adapting his management style to their differences

What are the three primary determinants of behaviour in organizations?

d.individuals, groups, and structure

What psychology is to the group, sociology is to the individual.

a.False

Which of the following does not bring opportunities for managers to use OB concepts?

a.Employees are more educated.

Which of the following problems would an OB study be least likely to focus on?

c.a decrease in sales due to growing foreign competition

Which of the following represents a typical organizational response to economic pressures?

a.lay off employees

Which of the following statements is not true about workforce diversity?

c.Workforce diversity is a concern only in Canada.

Which of the following terms means looking at relationships, attempting to attribute causes and effects, and basing conclusions on scientific evidence?

a.scientific study

Workforce diversity is a topic dealing with how organizations are becoming more homogeneous in terms of gender, race, and ethnicity.

a.False

You are bringing together faculty from different behavioural disciplines to author a new textbook in organizational behaviour. Represented are professors from psychology, sociology, social psychology, anthropology, political science, and industrial engineering. Which faculty member should furnish information about personality, learning, and motivation?

d.the psychologist

A positive culture recognizes the difference between ________.

c.a job and a career

A strong culture creates an internal climate of high behavioural control.

b.True

A strong culture tends to be a liability for an organization when its environment is undergoing rapid change.

b.True

A strong culture tends to reduce employee turnover.

a.True

Aggressiveness is one of the seven primary characteristics that capture the essence of an organization's culture. It indicates the degree to which employees are encouraged to be innovative and take risks.

b.False

Alessio's boss doesn't care whether Alessio works at home, at the office, or from his beach house. All he cares about is that the project is completed on time, on budget, and with exemplary quality. Which characteristic of organizational culture best describes this aspect of Alessio's job?

c.high outcome orientation

Attention to detail indicates the degree to which management focuses on results or outcomes rather than on the techniques and processes used to achieve them.

a.False

Barbara is the lead editor for a small, city newspaper. One of her advertising sales representatives, Mathew, is pulling in a lot of restaurant clients. Barbara realizes that Mathew is quite knowledgeable about food and speaks quite elegantly while describing different dishes. She has offered Mathew an opportunity to write a weekly restaurant review. Mathew is very happy with his new job role. Which aspect of creating a positive organization is being utilized by Barbara?

c.emphasizing individual growth

In virtual organizations, it is difficult to establish a common set of norms.

a.True

Janice works for a pet store where everyone is committed to the happiness of the animals. Often employees, bosses and hourly workers alike, come into the store "off the clock" and spend time training the animals. Everyone loves the store, the animals, and their jobs. This attitude of her coworkers inspires Janice to do her best. Based on this information, we can say that Janice is experiencing the effects of ________.

c.organizational climate

One of the misgivings about managers offering employees praise for good work is that ________.

c.the manager does not realize the costs of failing to give praise

Organizational culture refers to a system of shared meaning held by members that distinguishes the organization from other organizations.

a.True

Subcultures act to undermine the dominant culture.

a.False

The current trend of decentralizing organizations makes culture ________.

e.more important than ever

The lack of frequent face-to-face contact in virtual organizations makes establishing a common set of norms very difficult.

b.True

The management wants to demonstrate support for the differences new employees bring to the workplace, but newcomers who wish to fit in must accept the organization's core culture. Which dysfunctional aspect of culture is indicated in the above dilemma?

d.barriers to diversity

Today's trend toward decentralized organizations makes it easier to establish a strong culture.

b.False

Trends Inc. is an apparel company. To keep up with the latest changes in the fashion industry, the company has to come up with innovative designs and follow strict timelines. The culture of the company values aggressiveness, innovation, and risk taking. The members of the organization accept these cultural values. They know exactly what is expected of them and these expectations go a long way in shaping their behaviour. In addition to this, the culture of the marketing department is outcome oriented and the finance department emphasizes attention to detail. These characteristics express the company's ________.

a.dominant culture

Which of the following is most likely to result from a strong organizational culture?

e.low employee turnover

Which of the following statements distinguishes between organizational culture and job satisfaction?

a.Organizational culture is descriptive, whereas job satisfaction is evaluative.

________ defines the jokes or negative stereotypes; sometimes the result of jokes taken too far.

mockery and insults

All forms of unfair discrimination can be observed and rooted out in an organizational setup.

False

All of the following describe the benefits of effective diversity management except ________.

helping an organization reduce its operation costs

All of the following efforts could enhance workplace diversity except ________.

using subjective scoring sheets to rank job candidates instead of objective ones

Carol is over 55 years of age and is targeted for layoff because she is highly paid and has lucrative benefits. Which of the following terms explains what she has been subjected to?

discriminatory practice

Differences in characteristics like education, ethnicity, regional background, and gender form part of ________.

surface-level diversity

Differences in characteristics like education, financial status, ethnicity, regional background, and gender constitute surface-level diversity.

True

Effective diversity management means working to eliminate diversity from organizational culture.

False

Federal law does not prohibit discrimination against employees based on sexual orientation.

False

How can individuals avoid inadvertently behaving in discriminatory ways?

by accepting that we have cognitive biases

Intimidation and discounting are forms of discrimination.

True

Jared was raised on a cattle farm and currently works as a civil engineer. When Jared recently represented his company at a formal dinner, his supervisor was surprised to see Jared wearing an expensive suit with cowboy boots. Jared's boots would be an example of his ________.

cultural identity

Martha claims that she has been assigned marginal job roles or light workloads that do not lead to promotion. Which of the following terms accurately explains the type of discrimination she has been subjected to?

exclusion

Organizations that provide diversity training are more likely to have women and minorities in upper management positions when compared with organizations that did not provide diversity training.

False

Research findings show that men and women may be offered a similar number of developmental experiences, but females are less likely to be assigned challenging positions by men.

True

Research shows the positive correlation between employees' age and absenteeism.

False

Which of the following is not an example of common accommodations for physical disabilities?

fixed work schedule

Which of the following statements represents findings from studies of the age-turnover relationship?

The older you get, the less likely you are to quit your job.

With the changing nature of work suggesting the increasing importance of intellectual abilities for many jobs, the value of physical abilities is reducing.

False

Younger workers are more likely than older workers to quit their job.

True

According to the affective events theory, work environment creates work events that can be hassles, such as ________.

conflicting directions from different managers

Actively and constructively attempting to improve conditions is part of the loyalty response to dissatisfaction.

False

Ayesha is spending the summer working as an intern writing copy for a local firm. Today Ayesha's senior editor sent back some of Ayesha's work covered in red ink corrections. Up until now, all of Ayesha's work had been corrected in green or blue ink. Janice is upset and worried that her senior editor doesn't like her. Which component of an attitude is not represented in the previous scenario?

the behavioural component

Compared to people who have a negative core self-evaluation, people who have a positive core self-evaluation ________.

are less likely to give up when confronting difficulties

Emotions are ________.

critical to rational thinking

Evidence suggests that employees in Eastern cultures have higher levels of job satisfaction than those in Western cultures.

False

Job involvement refers to an individual's general attitude toward his or her job.

False

Moods are more action oriented in nature than emotions.

False

Rahael's team was recently responsible for missing a major sales goal. According to the affective events theory, which of the following is most likely to occur?

Rahael might react as stated in both A and D.

Ramiro has been a forklift driver for the local grocery store for six years. He earns $32,000 a year. He works with a nice crew. He plays softball with his coworkers on the weekends. They also volunteer together at the local food bank during the holidays, and socialize with their families at summer picnics. Ramiro is highly satisfied with his job. Which of the following is the most probable cause of Ramiro's high job satisfaction?

social context

Rewards can offset dissonance.

True

Stress is associated with ________ and ________.

demands; resources

The emotional or feeling component of a person's attitude is called ________.

the affective component

The evidence indicates that satisfied employees increase customer satisfaction and loyalty.

True

The intent to act in a certain way is the affective component of an attitude.

False

The less control people have over the pace of their work, the greater the stress and dissatisfaction.

True

The more specific the attitude and the more specific the behaviour, the stronger the link between the two.

True

There are three components of an attitude: cognition, affect, and behaviour.

True

Which of the following is an example of an affective attitude?

anger at being unfairly accused of a wrongdoing

Which of the following stressors is likely to produce less strain than the other stressors?

pressure to complete tasks

"Instrumental values" refers to desirable end-states, i.e., the goals a person would like to achieve during his lifetime.

False

According to Hofstede's framework, individualism describes the degree to which people in a country accept that power in institutions and organizations is distributed unequally.

False

According to John Holland's personality-job fit theory, individuals belonging to the "realistic" type prefer rule-regulated, orderly, and unambiguous activities.

False

According to the Big Five Model, a person who scores low on the openness to experience dimension tends to be nervous, anxious, depressed, and insecure.

False

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the "________" type are practical and prefer routine and order.

sensing

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the "feeling" type are flexible and spontaneous.

False

High self-monitoring managers are less likely to occupy central positions in an organization than low self-monitoring managers.

False

Janet keeps emotional distance from her coworkers and believes that the ends can justify the means. Janet would rate high in Machiavellianism.

True

Lydia works as a 911 operator. Her job strength is dictated most likely by ________.

constraints

Personality appears to be a result of both hereditary and environmental factors but research has tended to support the importance of the environment over heredity.

False

The openness to experience dimension of the Big Five Model captures our comfort level with relationships.

False

Values tend to be stable and enduring.

True

What does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator classification of "E or I" stand for?

extraverted/introverted

Which of the following frameworks has cast personality traits as motivations?

Approach–Avoidance

Which of the following is not one of the five factors included in the Big Five Model?

intuitiveness

Which of the following personality traits indicates the degree to which a person is unemotional and pragmatic and believes that ends can justify means?

Machiavellianism

Which of the following statements is not true regarding values?

There is no substantial variability in values across cultures.

Which of the following statements is true about personality?

Personality is the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others.

Which of the following terms describes basic convictions that "a specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite mode of conduct"?

values

100

You have decided to use Holland's Typology of Personality and Congruent Occupations to help your friends recognize which jobs they would be well-suited for. Monica is shy, stable, and persistent. Neil is ambitious and energetic and likes to dominate conversations. Aleena is idealistic, impractical, and very imaginative. Walter is efficient and practical, but he lacks imagination and tends to be inflexible. Mehrdad is analytical, independent, and an original thinker. According to Holland's Typology, Monica's personality type is "________."

realistic

BFBE chapter 6-10

BFBE chapter 6-10

BFBE chapter 11&14

BFBE chapter 11&14

BFOB chapter 6-9,11

BFOB chapter 6-9,11

BFOB chapter 12-14

BFOB chapter 12-14

BFMK chapter 1-11,13-15

Maria · 100問 · 2年前

BFMK chapter 1-11,13-15

BFBC chapter 1, 3-10

BFBC chapter 1, 3-10

BFBC chapter 14

BFBC chapter 14

BFBC 100

BFBC 100

問題一覧

________ is the study of the impact that individuals, groups, and structures have on behaviour within organizations.

d.Organizational behaviour

Anthropology has helped us understand differences in values and attitudes between people in different countries.

b.True

As the world has become more global, managers have to become capable of working with people from different cultures.

b.True

Behaviour is generally unpredictable, and the systematic study of behaviour is a means to making reasonably accurate predictions.

b.False

Conflict and power have been major topics of concern for social psychologists.

a.True

Ethical dilemmas are situations in which employees are required to identify right and wrong conduct.

b.True

In good economic conditions, understanding how to reward, satisfy, and retain employees is at a premium, however, in bad times, issues like stress, decision making, and coping come to the fore.

a.True

a.scientific study

OB researchers cannot offer reasonably accurate explanations of human behaviour since people act very differently in similar situations.

a.False

Timothy works with people of various nationalities and faiths. How can he effectively manage people from different cultures?

b.by adapting his management style to their differences

What are the three primary determinants of behaviour in organizations?

d.individuals, groups, and structure

What psychology is to the group, sociology is to the individual.

a.False

Which of the following does not bring opportunities for managers to use OB concepts?

a.Employees are more educated.

Which of the following problems would an OB study be least likely to focus on?

c.a decrease in sales due to growing foreign competition

Which of the following represents a typical organizational response to economic pressures?

a.lay off employees

Which of the following statements is not true about workforce diversity?

c.Workforce diversity is a concern only in Canada.

Which of the following terms means looking at relationships, attempting to attribute causes and effects, and basing conclusions on scientific evidence?

a.scientific study

Workforce diversity is a topic dealing with how organizations are becoming more homogeneous in terms of gender, race, and ethnicity.

a.False

d.the psychologist

A positive culture recognizes the difference between ________.

c.a job and a career

A strong culture creates an internal climate of high behavioural control.

b.True

A strong culture tends to be a liability for an organization when its environment is undergoing rapid change.

b.True

A strong culture tends to reduce employee turnover.

a.True

b.False

c.high outcome orientation

Attention to detail indicates the degree to which management focuses on results or outcomes rather than on the techniques and processes used to achieve them.

a.False

c.emphasizing individual growth

In virtual organizations, it is difficult to establish a common set of norms.

a.True

c.organizational climate

One of the misgivings about managers offering employees praise for good work is that ________.

c.the manager does not realize the costs of failing to give praise

Organizational culture refers to a system of shared meaning held by members that distinguishes the organization from other organizations.

a.True

Subcultures act to undermine the dominant culture.

a.False

The current trend of decentralizing organizations makes culture ________.

e.more important than ever

The lack of frequent face-to-face contact in virtual organizations makes establishing a common set of norms very difficult.

b.True

d.barriers to diversity

Today's trend toward decentralized organizations makes it easier to establish a strong culture.

b.False

a.dominant culture

Which of the following is most likely to result from a strong organizational culture?

e.low employee turnover

Which of the following statements distinguishes between organizational culture and job satisfaction?

a.Organizational culture is descriptive, whereas job satisfaction is evaluative.

________ defines the jokes or negative stereotypes; sometimes the result of jokes taken too far.

mockery and insults

All forms of unfair discrimination can be observed and rooted out in an organizational setup.

False

All of the following describe the benefits of effective diversity management except ________.

helping an organization reduce its operation costs

All of the following efforts could enhance workplace diversity except ________.

using subjective scoring sheets to rank job candidates instead of objective ones

Carol is over 55 years of age and is targeted for layoff because she is highly paid and has lucrative benefits. Which of the following terms explains what she has been subjected to?

discriminatory practice

Differences in characteristics like education, ethnicity, regional background, and gender form part of ________.

surface-level diversity

Differences in characteristics like education, financial status, ethnicity, regional background, and gender constitute surface-level diversity.

True

Effective diversity management means working to eliminate diversity from organizational culture.

False

Federal law does not prohibit discrimination against employees based on sexual orientation.

False

How can individuals avoid inadvertently behaving in discriminatory ways?

by accepting that we have cognitive biases

Intimidation and discounting are forms of discrimination.

True

cultural identity

exclusion

Organizations that provide diversity training are more likely to have women and minorities in upper management positions when compared with organizations that did not provide diversity training.

False

Research findings show that men and women may be offered a similar number of developmental experiences, but females are less likely to be assigned challenging positions by men.

True

Research shows the positive correlation between employees' age and absenteeism.

False

Which of the following is not an example of common accommodations for physical disabilities?

fixed work schedule

Which of the following statements represents findings from studies of the age-turnover relationship?

The older you get, the less likely you are to quit your job.

With the changing nature of work suggesting the increasing importance of intellectual abilities for many jobs, the value of physical abilities is reducing.

False

Younger workers are more likely than older workers to quit their job.

True

According to the affective events theory, work environment creates work events that can be hassles, such as ________.

conflicting directions from different managers

Actively and constructively attempting to improve conditions is part of the loyalty response to dissatisfaction.

False

the behavioural component

Compared to people who have a negative core self-evaluation, people who have a positive core self-evaluation ________.

are less likely to give up when confronting difficulties

Emotions are ________.

critical to rational thinking

Evidence suggests that employees in Eastern cultures have higher levels of job satisfaction than those in Western cultures.

False

Job involvement refers to an individual's general attitude toward his or her job.

False

Moods are more action oriented in nature than emotions.

False

Rahael's team was recently responsible for missing a major sales goal. According to the affective events theory, which of the following is most likely to occur?

Rahael might react as stated in both A and D.

social context

Rewards can offset dissonance.

True

Stress is associated with ________ and ________.

demands; resources

The emotional or feeling component of a person's attitude is called ________.

the affective component

The evidence indicates that satisfied employees increase customer satisfaction and loyalty.

True

The intent to act in a certain way is the affective component of an attitude.

False

The less control people have over the pace of their work, the greater the stress and dissatisfaction.

True

The more specific the attitude and the more specific the behaviour, the stronger the link between the two.

True

There are three components of an attitude: cognition, affect, and behaviour.

True

Which of the following is an example of an affective attitude?

anger at being unfairly accused of a wrongdoing

Which of the following stressors is likely to produce less strain than the other stressors?

pressure to complete tasks

"Instrumental values" refers to desirable end-states, i.e., the goals a person would like to achieve during his lifetime.

False

According to Hofstede's framework, individualism describes the degree to which people in a country accept that power in institutions and organizations is distributed unequally.

False

According to John Holland's personality-job fit theory, individuals belonging to the "realistic" type prefer rule-regulated, orderly, and unambiguous activities.

False

According to the Big Five Model, a person who scores low on the openness to experience dimension tends to be nervous, anxious, depressed, and insecure.

False

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the "________" type are practical and prefer routine and order.

sensing

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the "feeling" type are flexible and spontaneous.

False

High self-monitoring managers are less likely to occupy central positions in an organization than low self-monitoring managers.

False

Janet keeps emotional distance from her coworkers and believes that the ends can justify the means. Janet would rate high in Machiavellianism.

True

Lydia works as a 911 operator. Her job strength is dictated most likely by ________.

constraints

Personality appears to be a result of both hereditary and environmental factors but research has tended to support the importance of the environment over heredity.

False

The openness to experience dimension of the Big Five Model captures our comfort level with relationships.

False

Values tend to be stable and enduring.

True

What does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator classification of "E or I" stand for?

extraverted/introverted

Which of the following frameworks has cast personality traits as motivations?

Approach–Avoidance

Which of the following is not one of the five factors included in the Big Five Model?

intuitiveness

Which of the following personality traits indicates the degree to which a person is unemotional and pragmatic and believes that ends can justify means?

Machiavellianism

Which of the following statements is not true regarding values?

There is no substantial variability in values across cultures.

Which of the following statements is true about personality?

Personality is the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others.

Which of the following terms describes basic convictions that "a specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite mode of conduct"?

values

100

realistic