muscular system 1

Algen Ipanag III · 37問 · 2年前

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covers each muscle fiber

endomysium

covers a bundle of muscle fibers

perimysium

covers the entire muscle tissue

epimysium

tough collagenic fibers providing durability

tendon

2 layers of smooth muscle

circular longitudinal

branching muscle fibers are joined by ?

intercalated disc

long ribbon like organelles

myofibril

plasma membrane of the muscle cell

sarcolemma

muscle properties

irritability contractility extensibility

the term for a bundle of muscle fibers

fascicle

prefix for muscle

myo

these muscles are elongated and are called muscle fibers

skeletal smooth

these are found in the hollow visceral organs

smooth muscle

This is found in the heart wall

cardiac muscle

these are responsible for the stripes in muscle fibers

dark a bond light i bond

This the interruption between the i bond

z disc

Central lighter are of the a bond

h zone

This is the midline of a band, holds the thick myosin filament together

m line

This is made of bundled proteins, containing atps, extend the a band and is a thick microfilament

myosin

Projection of myosin that links the myosin and actin

myosin head

This is the thin filament that allows the binding of myosin heads, anchored to the z disc

actin

This is a specialized smooth er that holds calcium

sarcoplasmic reticulum

this allows the muscle to receive and respond to a stimulus

irritability

this allows the muscle to shorten when stimulated

contractility

this allows the muscle to stretch and recoil

extensibility

what stimulates a muscle

nerve impulse

a muscle that isnstimulated is called a ?

motor unit

long thread of extension, branches to terminals at neuromuscular junctions

axon

this is filled with interstitial fluid and is the gap between junctions

synaptic clef

This has vesicles filled with acetylcholine as neurotransmitters

neuromuscular junction

These are chemicals that are neurotransmitters

acetylcholine

These generate tension by attaching and detaching to pull actin towards the center

cross bridge

this law states that the muscle will never contract partially

all or none

1st way of graded response

frequency

2nd way of graded response

number of cell

this pathway is the fastest using adp and creatine phosphate

direct phosphorylation

This is a high energy molecule found in muscle fibers only

creatine phosphate

This pathway is used when at rest, or light to moderate exercise

aerobic pathway

This pathway occurs ni the mitochondria

aerobic pathway

Series of metabolic pathway is also reffered to as

oxidative phosphorylation

This pathway breaks down glucose into carbon and water

aerobic pathway

This pathway uses glycolysis that occurs in the cytosol

anaerobic pathway

in the process of glycolysis, glucose is broken down into?

pyruvic acid

If the glycolysis cant keep up with the demand for stp, the pyruvic acid is converted to?

lactic acid

This is the cause of muscle soreness or cramps

lactic acid

The muscle is unable to contract due to an imbalance of ions, oxygen deficit, or problems in the neuromuscular junction

muscle fatigue

Not able to take in oxygen fast enough, burning sensation and breathing rapidly

oxygen deficit

This is a successful contraction

isotonic contraction

This contraction does not shorten the muscle, tries to slide but is pitted against an immovable object

isometric contraction

The muscle is relaxed, and some of the fibers are contracting, not visible, ready for contraction

muscle tone

attach to immovable or less movable bone

origin

attach to movable bone

insertion

major muscle movement

prime mover

oppose or reverse a movement, relaxes when prime mover is active

antagonists

helps the prime mover by reducing undesirable movement

synergists

these hold the bone steady or stabilize

fixator

this closes by contracting, found in external openings

circular

converge toward a single insertion, triangular

convergent

straplike, parallel to the long axis of muscle

parallel

spindle shaped and is a modification of parallel

fusiform

short fascicles attached obliquely to a central tendon

pennate

this pennate is inserted on one sied

unipennate

this pennate is inserted on opposite sides of the tendon

bipennate

this pennate is inserted on several different sides

multipennate

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