also known as plasma membrane

it regulates the entrance and exit of materials in the cell

outer covering of the cell which covers the surface of the cell of the animal cell

it contains the DNA or the genetic material of a cell

once used to describe the ground substance which includes the complex colloidal organization of substances making up a cell's nucleus, cytoplasms, plastids and mitochondria.

used to describe the contents of the tubelike structures of which fungi are composed

this is where organelles are suspended

a jelly like substance which contains the organelles of a cell

powerhouse of the cell which produces chemicals that give the cells it's energy

they are the center of cellular respiration

protein factories of the cell

they build proteins by which the cell makes new parts and reproduces itself

it is where ribosomes are produced

it serves as storage and transport of metabolic products and contribute to cell wall formation

this type of E.R is where the ribosomes are present

it is involved in the production of various proteins in the cell , antibodies, insulin as well as transportation of proteins into the other E.R

this type of E.R is associated with the secretion, synthesis, or storage of proteins

This is associated with the synthesis, secretion, or storage of fats or lipids.

this type of E.R does not contain the ribosomes

involved in the synthesis of lipids and carbohydrates that are used to build the cell wall

it modifies proteins after they are produced by the ribosomes.

packet of tiny, elongated sacs or occur as series of stacked discs. It consists of vesicles which seem to have been pinchedoff from the main body which carries protein from ribosomes to the membrane.

it is called the mail man of the cell because it is responsible for transporting, modifying, and packaging proteins and lipids into vesicles for delivery to targeted destinations

This acts as storage center of cell.

It stores food, water, and waste materials for the cell

these are called the suicide bags of the cell

this organelle is found to be rich in hydrolytic enzymes which are kept intact in a membrane. they also digest micromolecules

this structure plays an important role in the cell division and is only found in the animal cell

This is the cell’s framework

cells come from pre-existing cells

cell division is the same in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm

mitosis is the process in which nucleus of the cell divides

DNA replication results in identical chromosomes

a cell spends most of its life in growth phase 1 of the cell cycle

the S checkpoint makes the key decision whether the cell should divide

interphase consists of mitosis and cytokinesis

in prokaryotic cells, all organelles divide prior to cell division

bacteria divide cells by binary fision

organelles are made during growth phase 2

a chromatid is made of two identical chromosomes

female human cells have 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes

during mitosis, DNA exists as chromatin

a gene contains the instructions to make a protein

chromosomes are coiled structures made of DNA and proteins

human cells have 64 chromosomes

chromosomes form during what part of the cell cycle

how many chromosomes are in a normal human cell

the basic types of reproduction are asexual reproduction, binary reproduction and sexual reproduction

sexual reproduction always involves two parents

prokaryotes go through meiosis 1 and eukaryotes go through meiosis 2

a zygote is the first cell of a new organism

in humans, a gamete will have 23 chromosomes

in binary fission, parents and offspring are identical

in sexual reproduction, parents and offsprings are never identical

gametes are diploid, a zygote is haploid

type of membrane transport that does not require energy to move substances across cell membranes.

it is the process in which a substance move through a semipermeable membrane or in a solution w/o any help from transport protein

transport of substance across a biological membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration with the help of a transport protein

energy driven process where membrane proteins transport molecules across cells.

also called transporters

what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occurs

this is part of the interphase of the cell cycle wherein DNA replication DOES NOT occur but this is where the cell is growing and produces more organelles

THIS PHASE OF THE INTERPHASE OF THE CELL CYCLE IS WHERE THE NUCLEUS ALONG WITH THE GENETIC MATERIAL GETS SYNTHESIZED

this phase of the interphase is where the cell grows more in size as well as it makes more proteins and organelles.

this phase prepares the cell for the actual mitosis

which checkpoint of the interphase checks for cell size, nutrients, growth factors, and DNA damage.

which checkpoint of the interphase checks for cell size and DNA replication.

this checkpoint of the interphase checks for chromosome attachment to spindle

it is the process of one cell splitting into two identical daughter cells

this is also termed as asexual reproduction in cells

this is the cell division of unicellular organisms where they clone themselves which results in two different daughter cells and two new genetically identical bacteria

where is the genetic material located

DNA must be replicated first before cell division

gametes are identical to their parents cell

human somatic cells have 23 pairs of chromosome

how many phases does mitosis have

this phase of the mitosis is where chromatin condenses into a chromosome

this phase of the m phase is where the nucleolus disappears

this phase of the m phase is where centrioles complete their movement to opposite poles

this attached the sister chromatids together

this phase of m phase is where spindle fibers line up the chromosomes along the equator of the cell

after a chromatid is separated by the spindle fibers, what is it called?

the final stage of mitosis

it is the final step of M phase

this is a cell division that produces gametes

these are also called transporters

these are transmembrane proteins that actively move ions or solute against a concentration gradient across a biological membrane.

also called direct active transport that directly uses chemical energy(atp) to transport all species of solute across a membrane against three concentration gradient.

occurs as sheets of tightly packed cells that cover body surfaces and line internal organs and cavities. it also functions as protection, diffusion and sensory reception.

this type of tissue helps protect, support, and bind organs and other tissues. it also serves as transport of the blood, nutritive functions, immuno function as well as storage sites and insulation

this type of tissue causes movement and change in the shape of some body parts. it also consists of elongated cells called muscle fibers and it contains contractor protein

this type of tissue senses stimuli and transmits signals called nerve impulses

this cell has only one set of chromosomes

this cell has 2 sets of chromosomes