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First year bioscience exam
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  • 問題数 347 • 5/3/2024

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  • 1

    The point of attachment to a bone which does not move when the muscle shortens is called the

    Origin

  • 2

    Which of the following cells found in the liver destroy worn out red and white blood cells, bacteria and other foreign matter in the Venus blood from the GI tract?

    Kupffer cells

  • 3

    There are _____ pairs of spinal nerves overall

    31

  • 4

    Which of the below vessels is a pulse point at the wrist?

    Radial artery

  • 5

    What is cardioversion?

    The use of a synchronised direct current electric shock to convert tachyarrhythmias to normal sinus rhythm

  • 6

    The oesophagus is ________ to the trachea

    Posterior

  • 7

    The P-wave of an ECG represents

    Atrial systole

  • 8

    Which of these organelles function as an intracellular digestive system and contain enzymes?

    Lysosomes

  • 9

    The amount of air inspired or expired in a normal inhalation or acceleration called ______ and has a volume of about _____ millilitres

    tidal volume, 500

  • 10

    The parietal peritoneum covers which of the following?

    The walls of the abdominal cavity

  • 11

    A negative feedback system produces which of of the following effects?

    Reverse as a change in a controlled condition

  • 12

    The pressure in the aorta against which the left ventricle must pump blood is known as

    After load

  • 13

    The heart is _____ to the liver

    Superior

  • 14

    Which of the following blood groups is also known as the universal donor?

    Type O

  • 15

    Human growth hormone is secreted from which gland?

    Anterior pituitary

  • 16

    The inability of the body to produce antibiotic hormone is more commonly known as

    Diabetes insipidus

  • 17

    The space between the two lungs that houses the heart, trachea, oesophagus, and associated structures is called the

    Mediastinum

  • 18

    The ______ valve separates the right atrium from the right ventricle

    Tricuspid

  • 19

    The heel bone is also known as

    Calcaneous

  • 20

    Which of the following is not a region of the abdomen?

    Superior hypergastric region

  • 21

    Which of the following would not increase blood pressure?

    Decreased cardiac output

  • 22

    In the absence of Antidiuretic hormone, which of the following effects would occur?

    Copious production of urine

  • 23

    Which of the following structures is a site for gas exchange?

    Respiratory bronchioles

  • 24

    What is the name of the largest lymphatic organ in the human body?

    Spleen

  • 25

    During the action potential absolute refractory period

    A very strong stimulus cannot initiate a second action potential

  • 26

    When defibrillating a child, what is the calculation for working out the appropriate joule?

    4J/KG

  • 27

    The femur lies _______ to the pelvis

    Inferior

  • 28

    Which one among the following describes the function of the cell membrane or plasma membrane?

    All of the above are the functions of the cell membrane

  • 29

    Which of the following is a neurotransmitter?

    All of the above

  • 30

    A term that means away from the midline is

    Lateral

  • 31

    Cranial nerve IX is known as the _____ nerve

    Glossopharyngeal

  • 32

    An increase in CO2 levels in the body will lead to an increase in blood

    Acidity

  • 33

    The compression/ventilation ratio in adults is

    30:2

  • 34

    Acids have a pH less than

    Seven

  • 35

    Which of the following cranial nerves carries sensation from the digestive tract to the CNS?

    Vagus

  • 36

    Plasma constitutes what percentage of whole blood?

    55%

  • 37

    Which pulse site is located in the groin?

    Femoral

  • 38

    Which of the following is an accessory organ of the digestive tract?

    Gallbladder

  • 39

    The four areas of the stomach are

    Cardia, fundus, body, and pylorus

  • 40

    Pharmacology is most accurately defined as the

    Study of medications and their effects or actions on the body

  • 41

    In contrast to the right side of the heart, the left side of the heart

    Drives blood out of the heart against the relatively high resistance of the systemic circulation

  • 42

    This structure prevents food or water from entering the trachea

    The epiglottis

  • 43

    When the required amounts of water and solute are present and distributed appropriately throughout the body compartments, it can be said that the body is in

    Fluid balance

  • 44

    In this type of transport process a solute like glucose binds to a specific transport of protein on one side of the membrane and id released on the other side after the transporter protein undergoes a Change in shape

    Facilitated Diffusion

  • 45

    The pancreas is described as

    Both endocrine and exocrine

  • 46

    Which of the following contains DNA within a cell?

    Nucleus

  • 47

    Which of the below is not found in arteries but is found in veins

    Valves

  • 48

    The primary phase in the regulation of gastric secretion and motility is called

    The cephalic phase

  • 49

    The trachea is ______ to the oesophagus

    Anterior

  • 50

    If a gland secretes hormones by a duct it is described as being

    Exocrine

  • 51

    Which of the following statements is correct?

    There are 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 4 coccygeal vertebrae

  • 52

    Which part of the brain is responsible for the bodies temperature regulation?

    Hypothalamus

  • 53

    A person with a fractured patella has an injury to which type of bone?

    Sesamoid

  • 54

    ______ Investigates the body structure whereas ______ investigates the processes of living things

    Anatomy, physiology

  • 55

    If a hormone is present in excess, the number of target cell receptors decreases, a process called

    Down regulation

  • 56

    If the biological half-life of a medication is four hours and you administer 50 mg of the medication to your patient, how much of the medication will remain in the body after eight hours?

    12.5 mg

  • 57

    A process that utilises a positive feedback loop would be

    The clotting process

  • 58

    Osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and osteocytes are involved in the growth and development of

    Bones

  • 59

    What mechanism stops the body from inhaling too far and overexpanding the lungs?

    Hering-Breuer reflex

  • 60

    Osmolarity =

    Concentration

  • 61

    The fundus part of the stomach is primarily used for

    Storage

  • 62

    What is the number of joules required to defibrillate a child patient weighing 20 kg with the formula of 4j/kg?

    80 J

  • 63

    When an infection occurs the number of

    White blood cells increases

  • 64

    In premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome, ______ is not produced in adequate quantities during faithful development and respiratory support may be required

    Surfactant

  • 65

    The cardiac centre in the brain is located where?

    Medulla oblongata

  • 66

    A platelet is also known as a

    Thrombocyte

  • 67

    Which of the following is a part of the axial skeleton?

    The skull

  • 68

    Squamous cells

    Are thin cells, arranged like floor tiles

  • 69

    Growth hormone releasing hormone is released by the hypothalamus in response to which of the below stimuli

    Hypoglycaemia

  • 70

    Where in the body would you find an axon and dendrites?

    Nerve cell

  • 71

    The pH range of blood is between

    7.35 to 7.45

  • 72

    Which of the following is an example of an irregular bone?

    Spinal vertebrae

  • 73

    How many abdominal reasons are typically recognised in anatomical studies?

    Nine

  • 74

    In a feedback system, a receptor is defined as

    A body structure that monitors changes in a control condition and send input to a control centre

  • 75

    This tissue forms the most superficial layer of the skin

    Stratified squamous epithelial

  • 76

    Which of the following is involuntary?

    Both the enteric and the autonomic nervous systems

  • 77

    What is the definition of a molecule?

    A molecule is a group of atoms bonded together representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction

  • 78

    Increased thyroid levels will have which of the following effects on the heart

    The rate and force of contraction will increase

  • 79

    What does the term enteral root refer to in medication administration?

    Administering medication through the digestive tract typically via the oral of feeding tube route

  • 80

    What is 364 µg if documented as milligrams?

    0.364 mg

  • 81

    Which of the following would not increase blood pressure?

    Decreased cardiac output

  • 82

    Which of the following moves substances against the concentration gradient?

    Active transport

  • 83

    Which of these factors increases respiratory rate?

    All of the above

  • 84

    The average adult stroke volume is

    70 mL

  • 85

    The function of this cranial nerve is the movement of the tongue during speech and swallowing

    Hypoglossal

  • 86

    Through which structure does blood Pass from the left atrium to the right ventricle?

    These structures are not connected to each other

  • 87

    Hormones act on neighbouring cells are called

    Paracrines

  • 88

    The left and right lungs and humans do not contain the same number of lobes. The right lung contains ____ lobes while the left lung contains ____ lobes because _____

    Three, two, the heart takes up space on the left side

  • 89

    This directional term is the opposite of deep

    Superficial

  • 90

    To which side of the body does the apex of the heart point?

    To the left

  • 91

    Stock heparin has a strength of 5000 units per millilitre. What volume must be drawn up to give 80,000 units?

    16 mL

  • 92

    Renin is secreted from which organ?

    Kidneys

  • 93

    Which of the following hormones is not secreted by the pancreas?

    Human growth hormone

  • 94

    Which area of the brain act to regulate body temperature?

    Hypothalamus

  • 95

    Which of the following statements correctly describes the process of External respiration

    The exchange of gases that takes place between the alveoli and pulmonary capillaries

  • 96

    First month of life is called

    The neonatal period

  • 97

    Glucagon is segregated from which cells in the pancreas

    Alpha cells

  • 98

    The area of conduction tissue in which electrical activity arises at any given time is called the

    Pacemaker

  • 99

    Which of the following cranial nerves has no sensory function?

    Accessory

  • 100

    A patient who is experiencing an episode of life-threatening asthma will also be classified as having which of the following

    Respiratory acidosis