問題一覧
1
Pathogens transmitted by means of cuts or punctures are an example of _______ transmission
parental
2
When is the best time to clean and disinfect dental prostheses or impressions that will be handled in the in office laboratory ?
as soon as possible after removal from the patient’s mouth
3
Following OSAP protocol, surface barriers
should be removed and discarded etween patients while hands are still gloved
4
Who should be notified first of an exposure incident after initial first aid is provided ?
employer
5
Methods of preventing rust from forming on an instrument during the sterilization process include
completely drying the instrument
6
The best way to determine whether sterilization has occured is to use
biologic monitors
7
Which of the following can prevent contamination of a clean instrument or any object handled during treatment ?
over gloves
8
The BBP Standard requires use of protective eyewear
with front and side protection (solid side shields) during exposure prone procedure
9
The autoclave cycle that allows the steam under pressure to be released from within the chamber is the ________ cycle
depressurizing
10
Which of the following is the most common type of latex allergy ?
type IV allergic reaction
11
Instrument processing should flow in a single loop from dirty, to ________, to storage
clean, to sterile
12
Which of the following is true regarding the use of spore testing to monitor sterilization?
a positive culture indicates a sterilization failure has occured
13
Which of the following terms is used to describe disease-causing organisms ?
pathogens
14
The temperature during handpiece sterilization should never exceed _____ ‘F
275
15
The purpose of precleaning a surface is to reduce the number of microbes and remove blood, saliva, and other body fluids called
bioburden
16
A person who is unable to resist infection by a particular pathogen is known as _____ in the chain of infection
a susceptible host
17
One of the disadvantage of flash sterilization is the
inability to wrap items
18
The minimum frequency recommneded by the CDC, ADA, and OSAP for biologic monitoring of all sterilizing equipment is
weekly
19
A method for sterilizing inwrapped patient care items for immediate use is
flash sterilization
20
CDC guidelines and the OSHA bloodborne pathogens standards consider saliva to be which of the following ?
a potentially infectious body fluid
21
When transporting and processing contaminated patient care items, precautions need to be taken to avoid personal exposure to microorganisms by
minimizing handling of loose contaminted instruments during transport to the instrument-processing area
22
Which of the following is the most common route of patient to dental team disease transmission in the dental office?
direct contact with the patient’s blood or saliva
23
What type of disease transmission referred to the spread of disease through droplets of moisture that contain bacteria or viruses ?
airborne transmission
24
If the surface below the barrier is inadvertently touched when removing a contaminated barrier, the protocol to follow indicates
the surface needs to be cleaned and disinfected
25
Recommended methods for sterilizing dental hamdpieces include
steam sterilization
26
Transmission of pathogens occurring through contact from person to another person in which of the following forms of transmission?
direct
27
All of the following surfaces should be protected from contamination with barriers except
counter tops in the reception area
28
Some ultrasonic cleaning solution have
enzymatic activity
29
Recommendations for mixing solutions of detergents or disinfectants include
making a fresh cleaning solution each day and discarding any unused solution at the end of the treatment day
30
Personal protective equipment (PPE) that must always be used when processing instruments include
utility glives, a mask, eyewear, and protective clothing
31
Exam gloves used during dental treatment can be made of which of the following materials?
latex or vinyl
32
Pathogens must have a pathway into the body called a(n) ________ to cause infection
portal of entry
33
The blood borne pathogens standard states that contaminated protective clothing
can be picked up by a laundry service
34
Instruments need to be bagged before steam sterilization to
protect them from becoming contaminated after sterilization
35
One of the benefits of using a complex phenol solution for disinfection is that they
are compatible with metal, glass, rubber, and plastic
36
To avoid contamination in a dental treatment area, the best approach is to
assume all surfaces have been contaminated
37
Tuberculosis, botulism, and streptococcus infections can be spread by which of the following?
food and water transmission
38
Which of the following is true regarding the role of the CDC in infection control?
the CDC issues specific recommendations on health-related matters, based on sound scientific evidence
39
The protocol to follow to minimize contamination of touch and transfer surfaces from splash, spatter, and surface droplets is to
apply an acceptable barrier following precleaning and disinfection
40
A(n) ________ injury is through the skin, such as a needle stick
percutaneous
41
The number of pathogenic microorganisms can be directly related to which of the following?
bioburden
42
Which of the following patient care items is classified as a semicritical instrument?
plastic handled brushes
43
Which of the following diseases fall under the OSHA blood borne pathogens standard law designed to protect employees against occupational exposure?
HIV and HCV
44
Instability, daily preparation, strong odor, and corrosion are some of the disadvantages of
sodium hypochlorite
45
Protective clothing requirement standards do not include
requiring disposable gowns
46
All of the following are forms of sterilization monitoring except _______ monitoring
structural
47
Protective clothing should have
long sleeves and a high neckline
48
Which of the following should be removed first when removing PPE ?
gloves
49
To effectively clean and disinfect dental treatment rooms
the surface should remain moist for the manufacturer’s recommended time for tuberculocidal action, usually 10 minutes
50
Which of the following is the best method used to protect a surface in a dental treatment area with crevices, knobs, or other difficult-to-clean features ?
use a surface barrier to prevent the surface from becoming contaminated
51
Which of the following is a persistent infection in which the symptoms come and go?
latent infection
52
A product capable of killing a virus should be labeled
virucidal
53
The following are considered single-use items except
metal impression tray
54
Which of the following is the first procedural step after an exposure incident ?
stop operation immediately
55
All of the following statements concerning liquid chemical sterilants are true except they
can be disposed of by pouring them down the sink
56
Infection control measures that help to prevent disease transmission to the dental professional include
all of the answer options
57
Which of the following is correct regarding use of the low volume saliva ejector during a dental procedure ?
do not have the patient close their lips around the tip of the saliva ejector
58
Microorganisms in a steam sterilizer are killed by
heat
59
Which of the following can be used as a surface disinfectant in dentistry?
synthetic phenols
60
Which of the following is the first link in the chain of infection ?
infectious agent
61
The order of the cycles of a steam sterilizer is
heat-up; sterilizing; depressurization; drying
62
Which of the following is the correct procedures to follow for a patient with active tuberculosis (TB)?
delay treatment until the patient is noninfectious
63
Disinfectants used in dentistry must be registered with the environmental protection agency (EPA) as hospital disinfectants with the ability to kill
mycobacteria tuberculosis
64
The chemical disinfectant classified as an intermediate-level agent that is no longer recommended for use in dentistry is
sodium hypochlorite
65
In the sterilization process, a process indicator is an example of ___ monitoring
external chemical
66
Immunization or vaccination is known as ______ immunity
artificially acquired
67
Chemicals that destroy or inactivate most species of pathogenic microorganisms in inanimate surfaces are called
disinfectant
68
All of the following will cause a sterilization failure except
using correct packaging material
69
Biologic monitoring is also known as _______ testing
spore
70
Sterilization destroys
all microbial forms, including bacterial spores
71
The use of barrier on surfaces and equipment can prevent contamination of contact areas. The correct protocol for their use would include
removing and discarding with gloves hands, and replacing using clean gloves between patients
72
Which of the following is the best method for washing hands that are not visibly soiled ?
alcohol based hand rub
73
The ideal instrument-processing area should be
dedicated only to instrument processing
74
What is the most advantage of forced air sterilizers over the other types of sterilizers ?
short sterilization cycle time
75
The major advantage of the chemical vapor sterilizer is that
it does not rust, dull, or corrode dry metal instrument
76
Under the CDC guidelines for infection control in dental healthcare settings housekeeping surfaces include
sinks
77
Under the occupational exposure determination, which members of the dental staff fall under category I?
sterilization assistant and laboratory technician
78
________ precautions represent a standard of care designed to protect healthcare providers from pathogens that can be spread by blood or any other body fluids, excretion, or secretion.
standard
79
Process indicators that change color are useful for
identifying instrument packs that have been exposed to a certain temperature
80
The CDC term Standards Precausions applies to contact with which of the following?
all body fluids , secretions, and excretions except sweat, regardless of whether they contain blood
81
An ultrasonic cleaning solution
should be specially formulated for use in only the ultrasonic clear
82
The best method to remove debris from the head of the handpiece is to
flush the handpiece for 10 to 20 seconds
83
All reusable instruments (critical and semicritical) that contact the patient’s blood, saliva, or mucous membranes must be
heat sterilized
84
The high level disinfectant that does not require activation or mixing and has little odor is
ortho-phthalaldehyde(OPA)
85
Which of the following is the best method of infection control for an intraoral digital X-ray sensor ?
follow the manufacturer recommendations
86
Which type of mask is recommended for procedures with moderate to heavy amounts of fluid, spray, and aerosols generated?
ASTM Level 3 mask
87
Which of the following is true of irritant dermatitis ?
irritant dermatitis does not involve the body’s immune system
88
________ transmission means touching or contact with the patient’s blood or saliva
indirect
89
Why it is important for packages to dry inside the steam sterilizer before storage ?
wicking of bacteria can occur through wet packaging material
90
Which of the following is true of the use of face masks for dental treatment ?
masks should be changed for every patient or more often
91
Which of the following packaging materials is not suitable for use in a steam autoclave ?
solid closed metal tray
92
Which of the following statements about reducing microbial flora is true ?
alcohol based hand rubs are more effective at reducing microbial flora than plain soap or antimicrobial hand washes
93
A tear in an instrument package requires the dental assistant to
use a new instrument package
94
The role of ____ is to issue specific standards to protect the health of employees in the United States
OSHA
95
The agency responsible for the blood borne pathogens standards that requires contaminated surfaces to be disinfected between patients, even if no evidence of contamination is visible is the
occupational safety and health administration (OSHA)
96
Carpet in dental treatment areas
harbors both bacteria and fungi
97
The appropriate disinfection protocol to follow when a surface has been covered with a barrier is
clean and disinfect the surface at the beginning and end of each workday
98
For sterilization to occur using an immersion disinfectant, items must be immersed for a minimum of ___ hours
6
99
Who is responsible for training employees to respond properly to an exposure incident in the dental office ?
the employer
100
Which of the following types of pathogens are carried in the blood and body fluids of infected individuals and that can be transmitted to others ?
blood-borne