問題一覧
1
Synthesized by most plants and animals from glucose and galactose
Vitamin C
2
The following are Major Minerals except:
Iron
3
Deficiency of Adults in Vitamin C
Scurvy
4
Reduced active form of Vitamin C
Ascorbic Acid
5
Vitamin C is better absorbed with ____ intake
Iron
6
Hypocalcemia : Tetany ; Hypercalcemia :
Rigor
7
Requirement for Vitamin B6
1.3 mg
8
part of HCL secreted in the stomach
Chloride
9
Which of the following forms of vitamin K is synthesized by the gut and contributes to majority of required daily intake?
Menaquinones
10
Which of the following B-vitamins does not direcrly contribute to red blood cell production?
All contribute to RBC production
11
The following are Trace Minerals except:
Sulfur
12
Which of the following vitamins prevents neural tube defects?
Folate
13
B2
Riboflavin
14
Sources of Sodium
Table Salt, Protein Foods, Seafoods
15
Hypermagnesemia
Cardiac Irregularities, Muscle Flaccidity, Paralysis
16
helps break down fats and steroid hormones
Flavins
17
Oxidized form of Vitamin C
Dehydroascorbic Acid
18
Sulfur sources
Meats, Eggs, Beans, Broccoli, Cauliflower
19
Phosphorus compatible with
Calcium, Vitamin D
20
Microminerals contain 1
1.5 to 27 mg or less
21
Calcium
bones and teeth, formation of hydroxyapatite, bone mineralization
22
Which of the following is FALSE
High sodium intake is associated with increased calcium absorption
23
Intracellular
K, Mg, Phosphate, Sulfate
24
Most easily destroyed vitamin
Vitamin C
25
Sources of free thiamin
unpolished rice, whole grains, legumes, dried yeast, rice bran, wheat germ
26
Extracellular Macrominerals
Na, Cl
27
Sulfur
for synthesis of iron-sulfur proteins, structural molecules in cells, allow activity for insulin
28
most abundant mineral in the body
Calcium
29
Pantothenic Acid
B5
30
Which of the following is a direct physiologic function of Vitamin K?
Wound healing
31
involved in release of energy from CHO, CHON, and Fat
Coenzyme A
32
functions as carboxyl carrier in carboxylation reactions
Biotin
33
Which of the following diseases is caused by Vitamin D deficiency in children?
Rickets
34
hypokalemia & hyperkalemia: potassium ; hypernatremia & hyponatremia
Sodium
35
carbohydrate metabolism and neural function
Thiamin
36
Microminerals include
Iron, Zinc, Iodine, Selenium, Copper, Manganese, Fluoride, Chromium , Molybdenum
37
Hypophosphatemia
weakness, bone fragility, tooth decay, stunting
38
high sodium in blood
Hypernatremia
39
Which of the following is a Macromineral
Chloride
40
Refers to nicotinic acid and nicotinamide niacinamide
B3
41
Vitamin Bs that are blood cell producing
B9 & B12
42
Vitamin C forms
Collagen
43
Magnesium
participates in insulin release, normal nerve and heart functioning, participates in muscle contraction and blood clotting
44
Biotin
B7
45
Three Groups of Minerals
Macrominerals Microminerals Ultratrace
46
Requirements for Vitamin B5 (men & women)
5 mg
47
low sodium in blood
Hyponatremia
48
Vitamin B7 human requirement
30 mcg
49
An inorganic, non-carbon containing, crystalline, homogenous substance essential for human function
Minerals
50
Which of the following is another name for vitamim B6 which also aids in nerve health?
Pyrodixine
51
Which of the following is a source of Calcium?
Tofu
52
Which of the following is a Micromineral
Iron
53
Hyponatremia
muscle cramps, mental apathy, loss of appetite
54
Minerals make up ______% of total body weight
4-6%
55
B1
Thiamine
56
hyponatremia & hypernatremia: sodium ; hypokalemia & hyperkalemia:
potassium
57
B12
Cobalamin
58
Hypomagnesemia
Muscle Weakness, Tremors, Vomiting
59
located in body fluid compartments
Macrominerals
60
Deficiency often due to chronic alcoholism
Wenicke-Korsakoff Syndrome
61
Hypokalemia
muscle cramps, confusion, lost of appetite
62
High amounts of this mineral triggers thirst associated with elevated blood pressure with a dietary recommendation to limit its intake
Sodium
63
indirectly participates in energy metabolism
Magnesium
64
exhibit antipernicious anemia activity
Cobalamin
65
Cobalamin human requirement
2.4 mcg
66
Functions of Macrominerals
Mainly function as electrolytes, Maintain Water Balance, Maintain stable electrochemical neutrality within the body, Regulate pH balance, Regulate osmotic pressure across membranes
67
Which of the following is not a high source of Calcium?
Corn
68
Active form of Thiamin
Thiamin pyrophosphate
69
major intracellular cation which maintains normal heartbeat (muscle contraction) and nerve transmission
Potassium
70
Phosphorus
found in large amounts in hydroxyapatite of bones and teeth, part of DNA and RNA, stores energy as ATP, activates Vitamin B during energy metabolism, cell membrane structure, maintains acid-balance base
71
primary regulator of fluid volume
Sodium
72
Vitamin B7
Vitamin H
73
Folate
B9
74
Infants based on thiamin levels typically found in
milk
75
Which of the following is caused by Hyperkalemia
irregular heartbeat
76
B3
Niacin
77
found in protein molecules – technically not a mineral in our body
Sulfur
78
Hyperphosphatemia
Tetany, Muscle Cramps, Tingling
79
dry wet infantile deficiency associated with diets deficient in vit B1 but high in carbohydrates
Beriberi
80
protein molecules in Sulfur except
leucine
81
Sources of Phosphorus except
Celeries
82
Which of the following does not require protein transporters such as chylomicrons to move around the body?
Vitamin C
83
Magnesium is high in these sources except
Margarine
84
Hypernatremia
edema, acute hypertension
85
Vitamin B9 human requirement
400 mcg
86
This essential mineral exist chiefly in the body in ionic state
Macrominerals
87
This mineral is needed by the body in smaller amounts
Trace Minerals
88
Hypercalcemia : Rigor ; Hypocalcemia :
Tetany
89
Essential for metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids // occurs as flavin enzyme
Riboflavin
90
B6
Pyridoxine
91
minerals present in the body in larger amounts >5g
Macrominerals
92
Macro minerals include
Calcium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sulfur, Sodium, Chloride, Magnesium
93
Vitamin B12: Pernicious Anemia | Vitamin K:
Hemolytic Anemia
94
Vitamin carried by red blod cells throughout the body which occurs as Coenzyme A & 4-phosphopantetheine
Vitamin B5