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1
Crohn's disease is a chronic, relapsing disease of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by inflammation
walls of the small and/or large intestine
2
The endoscopic picture in Crohn's disease is characterized by
cobblestone" and deep slit-like ulcers
3
Extraintestinal manifestations of Crohn's disease include
hepatic steatosis, peripheral vein thrombosis
4
The classification of non-specific ulcerative colitis does not include the factor :
etiology
5
To the greatest extent, pancreatic insufficiency is indicated by:
steatorrhea
6
How many hours after the onset of the acute pancreatitis clinic can the highest level of blood amylase be recorded?
48-72 hours
7
Consequence of chronic pancreatitis resulting from alcohol abuse:
endocrine pancreatic insufficiency
8
Which of the symptoms is not characteristic of biliary dyskinesia?
fever
9
The most reliable confirmation of pancreatitis is:
high amylase level in the blood (urine diastase)
10
The hallmark of hepatocellular insufficiency is:
hepatic encephalopathy
11
In the diagnosis of what disease is an increase in the level of alphafetoprotein important:
hepatocellular cancer
12
An early clinical sign of primary biliary cholangitis (cirrhosis) is:
generalized itching
13
The most common cause of death in patients with cirrhosis of the liver is:
bleeding from dilated veins of the esophagus
14
The morphological marker of alcoholic liver cirrhosis is:
presence of Mallory bodies
15
A characteristic feature of arthritis in acute rheumatic fever is:
complete reversibility of the process
16
Subcutaneous rheumatic nodules are localized:
at tendon attachment points
17
Evidence confirming a previous streptococcal infection is:
increased titer of antistreptolysin-O, antiDNase B +
18
A complication of acute rheumatic fever is:
formation of heart disease
19
At the onset of rheumatoid arthritis, the following joints are most commonly affected
metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal
20
Which joints are most commonly affected in gout?
first metatarsophalangeal joint of the foot
21
For acute gouty arthritis is uncharacteristic:
morning stiffness in joints
22
The main clinical manifestations of gout:
arthritis, nephropathy, tophi
23
Tophi are deposits in the tissues of crystals:
sodium urate
24
The main clinical signs of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE):
Butterfly rash
25
Differential diagnosis between rheumatoid arthritis and SLE, which indicator will be decisive for the diagnosis
LE cells
26
Complications of Crohn's disease include :
internal fistulas , intra-abdominal abscesses , external fistulas
27
Sarcoid granulomas characteristic of Crohn's disease consist of:
giant cells, epithelioid histiocytes without foci of necrosis
28
According to the international classification of Crohn's disease, localization at L1 gradation is:
terminal ileitis
29
According to the complaints of a patient with Crohn's disease, a triad is typical :
diarrhea without blood , abdominal pain , weight loss
30
Pushy stools, abdominal pain, palpable infiltrate in the right iliac region, stricture formation, localization in any part of the intestinal tract - symptoms characteristic of:
Crohn's disease
31
What is the purpose of taking cytostatics in the treatment of patients with ulcerative colitis?
To prevent severe complications of the disease (toxic megacolon, perforation of the intestinal wall)
32
What abnormalities in the complete blood count are not typical for ulcerative colitis?
Eosinophilia
33
For the diagnosis of non-specific ulcerative colitis, the most informative is:
colonoscopy
34
What disease often develops chronic pancreatitis syndrome, mainly with signs of exocrine insufficiency?
cystic fibrosis
35
Coprological syndrome characteristic of chronic pancreatitis
slight mushy stools, creatorrhea, mucus, leukocytes
36
Examination of a patient with symptoms of acute pancreatitis in a polyclinic revealed pain in the left costovertebral angle. What is the name of this symptom?
Mayo-Robson
37
What circumstances are decisive in deciding whether planned surgical treatment for cholecystitis is necessary?
presence of stones in the gallbladder
38
What is the most common cause of obstructive jaundice?
choledocholithiasis
39
The patient has been suffering from chronic pancreatitis for 10 years, he notes frequent diarrhea, weight loss, pain after eating. Specify the characteristic signs of violation of exocrine activity of the pancreas:
creatorrhoea and steatorrhea
40
A 70-year-old patient has had intense obstructive jaundice for a month. Notes itching, loss of appetite and body weight. The gallbladder is enlarged, painless. Presumptive diagnosis:
cancer of the head of the pancreas
41
A 20-year-old patient with asthenics developed dull pains in the right hypochondrium against the background of neurocirculatory dystonia, provoked by stressful situations, without an increase in body temperature. On examination: no stones were found in the biliary tract, the gallbladder was reduced in size on cholecystograms, with duodenal probing, the volume of a portion of the TVU was 15 ml, the time was 3 minutes. It is most likely that the patient:
biliary dyskinesia of hypermotor type
42
As indicator tests for the syndrome of regeneration and tumor growth of the liver, the following are used:
alpha-fetoprotein
43
With cancer of the head of the pancreas, the following develops:
Obstructive jaundice
44
Ascites in liver cirrhosis appears due to:
portal hypertension, hypoalbuminemia
45
The clinical syndrome accompanying disorders in the blood coagulation and anticoagulation systems in severe liver failure is:
hemorrhagic
46
Child-Pugh class A signs of cirrhosis of the liver:
total protein 40 g/l, total bilirubin 30 µmol/l
47
Which of the following syndromes is characterized by pruritus, an increase in conjugated bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol:
intrahepatic cholestasis
48
Extrahepatic signs of liver cirrhosis include:
xanthomas, palmar erythema, gynecomastia
49
The most sensitive test for hypersplenism syndrome is:
determination of the number of granulocytes and platelets in the blood
50
The "big" criteria for acute rheumatic fever are:
rheumatic heart disease, polyarthritis, chorea minor, erythema annulare+
51
Small" criteria for acute rheumatic fever are:
Arthralgia, fever (>38 °C), prolongation of the P - Q interval
52
Clinical manifestations of rheumatic heart disease are:
shortness of breath on exertion, heart failure, fatigue
53
Early signs of acute rheumatic fever include:
arthritis
54
Rheumatic polyarthritis is characterized by:
damage to large and medium joints, volatility of pain, disappearance of pain after taking NSAIDs
55
A 23-year-old patient has been diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever, the diagnosis does not correspond to:
quail rhythm on auscultation of the heart
56
The main criteria for the activity of rheumatism do not include
Heberden's nodules
57
Of the microbiological and immunological methods for diagnosing , ARF, the least important is
increased levels of circulating immune complexes in the blood
58
For the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis, the most important of the laboratory parameters is:
of rheumatoid factor in the blood serum
59
X-ray changes in rheumatoid arthritis are the first to be detected
at proximal interphalangeal or metacarpophalangeal joints
60
Antihyperuricemic drugs include:
allopurinol and uricosuric agents
61
What types of kidney damage are typical for gout?
nephrolithiasis, glomerulosclerosis, chronic interstitial nephritis
62
The patient complains of an increase in body temperature to 37.9oC, swelling and redness of the thumb of the right foot with sharp pains appeared. BMI=30 kg/m2. When blood pressure is increased to 155/90 mm Hg, he takes hypothyazid. Preliminary diagnosis://
gout arthritis
63
What symptoms are important for the early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis?
morning stiffness, subcutaneous nodules, proximal interphalangeal joint swelling
64
Radiological signs of rheumatoid arthritis are:
osteoporosis, erosion
65
The most typical X-ray changes in gout are:
narrowing of joint spaces, intraosseous cystic lucency
66
The most common cause of death in rheumatoid arthritis is
uremia in secondary amyloidosis of the kidneys
67
A 45-year-old patient has Raynaud's syndrome up to necrotic changes in the fingers, swallowing disorders, pulmonary hypertension, difficult flexion of the fingers, compaction of the skin in the area of the hands, shortening of the fingers due to lysis of the terminal phalanges. What kind of disease should we think about
Systemic scleroderma
68
What manifestation of SLE (systemic lupus erythematosus ) requires the use of large doses of glucocorticosteroids:
Lupus nephritis
69
In what autoimmune disease is kidney damage very rarely observed:
Osteoarthritis
70
Laboratory diagnostic criteria for the diagnosis of SLE (systemic lupus erythematosus ) :
ANA (antinuclear antibodies