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問題一覧
1
Tophi are deposits in the tissues of crystals:
sodium urate
2
To the greatest extent, pancreatic insufficiency is indicated by:
steatorrhea
3
With cancer of the head of the pancreas, the following develops:
Obstructive jaundice
4
The main clinical manifestations of gout:
arthritis, nephropathy, tophi
5
Rheumatic polyarthritis is characterized by:
damage to large and medium joints, volatility of pain, disappearance of pain after taking NSAIDs
6
The morphological marker of alcoholic liver cirrhosis is:
presence of Mallory bodies
7
Sarcoid granulomas characteristic of Crohn's disease consist of:
giant cells, epithelioid histiocytes without foci of necrosis
8
The most common cause of death in patients with cirrhosis of the liver is:
bleeding from dilated veins of the esophagus
9
Evidence confirming a previous streptococcal infection is:
increased titer of antistreptolysin-O, antiDNase B +
10
The hallmark of hepatocellular insufficiency is:
hepatic encephalopathy
11
What is the purpose of taking cytostatics in the treatment of patients with ulcerative colitis?
To prevent severe complications of the disease (toxic megacolon, perforation of the intestinal wall)
12
The most typical X-ray changes in gout are:
narrowing of joint spaces, intraosseous cystic lucency
13
Ascites in liver cirrhosis appears due to:
portal hypertension, hypoalbuminemia
14
What is the most common cause of obstructive jaundice?
choledocholithiasis
15
A 20-year-old patient with asthenics developed dull pains in the right hypochondrium against the background of neurocirculatory dystonia, provoked by stressful situations, without an increase in body temperature. On examination: no stones were found in the biliary tract, the gallbladder was reduced in size on cholecystograms, with duodenal probing, the volume of a portion of the TVU was 15 ml, the time was 3 minutes. It is most likely that the patient:
biliary dyskinesia of hypermotor type
16
At the onset of rheumatoid arthritis, the following joints are most commonly affected
metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal
17
Subcutaneous rheumatic nodules are localized:
at tendon attachment points
18
The most sensitive test for hypersplenism syndrome is:
determination of the number of granulocytes and platelets in the blood
19
The clinical syndrome accompanying disorders in the blood coagulation and anticoagulation systems in severe liver failure is:
hemorrhagic
20
A characteristic feature of arthritis in acute rheumatic fever is:
complete reversibility of the process
21
Extrahepatic signs of liver cirrhosis include:
xanthomas, palmar erythema, gynecomastia
22
In the diagnosis of what disease is an increase in the level of alphafetoprotein important:
hepatocellular cancer
23
The patient complains of an increase in body temperature to 37.9oC, swelling and redness of the thumb of the right foot with sharp pains appeared. BMI=30 kg/m2. When blood pressure is increased to 155/90 mm Hg, he takes hypothyazid. Preliminary diagnosis://
gout arthritis
24
A complication of acute rheumatic fever is:
formation of heart disease
25
Crohn's disease is a chronic, relapsing disease of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by inflammation
walls of the small and/or large intestine
26
Clinical manifestations of rheumatic heart disease are:
shortness of breath on exertion, heart failure, fatigue
27
Of the microbiological and immunological methods for diagnosing , ARF, the least important is
increased levels of circulating immune complexes in the blood
28
What abnormalities in the complete blood count are not typical for ulcerative colitis?
Eosinophilia
29
The main criteria for the activity of rheumatism do not include
Heberden's nodules
30
Differential diagnosis between rheumatoid arthritis and SLE, which indicator will be decisive for the diagnosis
LE cells
31
The most common cause of death in rheumatoid arthritis is
uremia in secondary amyloidosis of the kidneys
32
A 23-year-old patient has been diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever, the diagnosis does not correspond to:
quail rhythm on auscultation of the heart
33
Which of the following syndromes is characterized by pruritus, an increase in conjugated bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol:
intrahepatic cholestasis
34
What circumstances are decisive in deciding whether planned surgical treatment for cholecystitis is necessary?
presence of stones in the gallbladder
35
What disease often develops chronic pancreatitis syndrome, mainly with signs of exocrine insufficiency?
cystic fibrosis
36
What symptoms are important for the early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis?
morning stiffness, subcutaneous nodules, proximal interphalangeal joint swelling
37
Early signs of acute rheumatic fever include:
arthritis
38
A 45-year-old patient has Raynaud's syndrome up to necrotic changes in the fingers, swallowing disorders, pulmonary hypertension, difficult flexion of the fingers, compaction of the skin in the area of the hands, shortening of the fingers due to lysis of the terminal phalanges. What kind of disease should we think about
Systemic scleroderma
39
Extraintestinal manifestations of Crohn's disease include
hepatic steatosis, peripheral vein thrombosis
40
According to the international classification of Crohn's disease, localization at L1 gradation is:
terminal ileitis
41
Which joints are most commonly affected in gout?
first metatarsophalangeal joint of the foot
42
An early clinical sign of primary biliary cholangitis (cirrhosis) is:
generalized itching
43
Child-Pugh class A signs of cirrhosis of the liver:
total protein 40 g/l, total bilirubin 30 µmol/l
44
Pushy stools, abdominal pain, palpable infiltrate in the right iliac region, stricture formation, localization in any part of the intestinal tract - symptoms characteristic of:
Crohn's disease
45
A 70-year-old patient has had intense obstructive jaundice for a month. Notes itching, loss of appetite and body weight. The gallbladder is enlarged, painless. Presumptive diagnosis:
cancer of the head of the pancreas
46
Which of the symptoms is not characteristic of biliary dyskinesia?
fever
47
How many hours after the onset of the acute pancreatitis clinic can the highest level of blood amylase be recorded?
48-72 hours
48
According to the complaints of a patient with Crohn's disease, a triad is typical :
diarrhea without blood , abdominal pain , weight loss
49
The "big" criteria for acute rheumatic fever are:
rheumatic heart disease, polyarthritis, chorea minor, erythema annulare+
50
The patient has been suffering from chronic pancreatitis for 10 years, he notes frequent diarrhea, weight loss, pain after eating. Specify the characteristic signs of violation of exocrine activity of the pancreas:
creatorrhoea and steatorrhea
51
Examination of a patient with symptoms of acute pancreatitis in a polyclinic revealed pain in the left costovertebral angle. What is the name of this symptom?
Mayo-Robson
52
The main clinical signs of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE):
Butterfly rash
53
In what autoimmune disease is kidney damage very rarely observed:
Osteoarthritis
54
As indicator tests for the syndrome of regeneration and tumor growth of the liver, the following are used:
alpha-fetoprotein
55
Coprological syndrome characteristic of chronic pancreatitis
slight mushy stools, creatorrhea, mucus, leukocytes
56
The classification of non-specific ulcerative colitis does not include the factor :
etiology
57
Complications of Crohn's disease include :
internal fistulas , intra-abdominal abscesses , external fistulas
58
X-ray changes in rheumatoid arthritis are the first to be detected
at proximal interphalangeal or metacarpophalangeal joints
59
Small" criteria for acute rheumatic fever are:
Arthralgia, fever (>38 °C), prolongation of the P - Q interval
60
Consequence of chronic pancreatitis resulting from alcohol abuse:
endocrine pancreatic insufficiency
61
Radiological signs of rheumatoid arthritis are:
osteoporosis, erosion
62
For acute gouty arthritis is uncharacteristic:
morning stiffness in joints
63
For the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis, the most important of the laboratory parameters is:
of rheumatoid factor in the blood serum
64
Laboratory diagnostic criteria for the diagnosis of SLE (systemic lupus erythematosus ) :
ANA (antinuclear antibodies
65
Antihyperuricemic drugs include:
allopurinol and uricosuric agents
66
For the diagnosis of non-specific ulcerative colitis, the most informative is:
colonoscopy
67
What types of kidney damage are typical for gout?
nephrolithiasis, glomerulosclerosis, chronic interstitial nephritis
68
What manifestation of SLE (systemic lupus erythematosus ) requires the use of large doses of glucocorticosteroids:
Lupus nephritis
69
The most reliable confirmation of pancreatitis is:
high amylase level in the blood (urine diastase)
70
The endoscopic picture in Crohn's disease is characterized by
cobblestone" and deep slit-like ulcers