4 macro skills of communication

the most important skill in communication. it is mental operation involving processing sound waves, interpreting their meaning, and storing their meaning in memory.

3 types or listening

-vocalization of human communication -being able iterate an idea, concepts or opinion, through speech is essential in the communication process.

-the process of analyzing symbols for you to understand the message conveyed by the sender. -another skill of language that is vital in order to enhance communication and language amonh groups of people.

types of reading

-refered to as gist reading, going through the text to grasp the main idea. -reader doesn't pronounce each and every word of the text but focuses their attention on the main theme or the core of the text.

-quickly scuttles across sentences to get to a particular piece of information. -imvolves the techniques of rejecting or ignoring irrelevant information from the text to locate a specific piece of information

-it usually involves reading for pleasure and is more of an out of classroom activity. -there's no aim to achieve or objective to reach. -it's simply for the fun of reading.

-takes more active approach. its the name suggests, it's more of an in-depth technique where the text is analyzed on a deeper level. -this type of reading requires a careful and critical eye

-perhaps the most complex of the communication micro skills and takes the most time to master. -it is also a process in which a person can share his thoughts and feelings through symbols.

is the ability to use the symbols of a writing system. it is the ability to interpret what the information symbols represent, and to be able to recreate these same symbols so that others can derive the same meaning.

is not having the ability to derive meaning from the symbols used in a writing system

techniques in selecting and organizing information

one of the better and more popular methods of discovering your writing topic.

tools in brainstorming

listing down broad topics to narrower topics

main concept at the middle and have branches for its subtopics

writing what comes into your mind, continuous writing without inhibitions and not minding errors in spelling and grammar.

organize ideas that show logical order of information

-use words or phrases. -allows writers to organize the topics of a paper quickly without going into details.

-use full sentences. -they may be more time consuming to write.

principles in writing outline

-a visual display that demonstrate relationships between facts, concepts, or ideas. -guides the learner's thinking as they fill i and build upon a visual map or diagram.

a tool that shows all possible logical relations between a finite collection of sets.

is a versatile tool which is widely used by students for note taking, brainstorming, studying, memorizing, planning and structuring information.

a strategy—a way or method of presenting a subject—theory writing or speech

rhetorical modes of writing

provides details of what happened. it is almost like a list of events in order that they happened, except that it is written in paragraph

means "illustrative detail" a proper often takes a person or objective and then describes that person or thing in great illustrative detail.

an extended definition simply defines a subject in a fuller or more extended—more through—way than does a dictionary.

different types of definition

the definition privided in dictionaries

the three common informal definitions are operational definitions, synonyms, and connotations.

means " the giving of an example". it usually starts with main idea, belief, or opinion—something abstract — and then gives one extended examples or a series of shorter examples to illustrate that main idea.

means to show how subjects are a like and/or different. it has two subjects and describes how they are alike and then how they differ.

simply means that you start with a subject and then show the causes for it and/or the effects of it.

-an educated guess or opinion, not a simple fact. -it is something debatable.