GG&SR SG-4

56問 • 1年前

問題一覧

concern with moral issues and choices and deals with right and wrong behavior

Ethics

It relates to choices and judgement about acceptable standards of conduct that guide the behavior of individuals and groups

Ethics

Comprises the principles and standards that guide the behavior of individuals and groups in the world of business

Business ethics

is a problem, situation, or opportunity requiring an individual, group or organization to choose among several actions that must be evaluated as right or wrong, ethical or unethical

Ethical issue

Classification of Ethical Issues

Abusive, lying, conflict of interest, fraud and sexual harassment, discrimination

Types of Fraud (3)

Accounting fraud, marketing fraud, consumer fraud

Can be related to physical threat, false accusations, annoying a coworker, profanity, insults yelling, harshness and ignoring someone to being unreasonable and the meaning of these words can be different depending on the person's perspective

Abusive

Associated with a hostile workplace when someone or a group considered a target threatened, harassed belittled, verbally abused or overly criticized

Bullying

Relates to distorting the truth.

Lying

Types of Lying

White lie, lying by commission, lying by ommission

Includes joking without malice, that is told in order to avoid hurting someone's feeling

White lie

Creating a perception or belief by word that intentionally deceive the receiver of the message (lying about being at work)

Lying by commission

Involves intentionally not informing the receiver of material facts.

Lying by ommission

Is the situation when an individual must choose whether to advance his or her own interests, those of his/her organization, or those of some other group

Conflict of interest

Any false communication that deceives, manipulate or conceals facts to create a false impression when others are damaged or denied a benefit

Fraud

When an individual engages in deceptive practices to advance his or her own interest over those of the organization or some group

Fraud

Accountants are bound to follow regulations but are faced with issues like reduced fees

Accounting fraud

The intentional misrepresentation or deceit during the process of creating, distributing, promoting, and priving products

Marketing fraud

Occurs when consumers attempt to deceive business for their own gain

Consumer fraud

Typically involves an employee who assists the consumer fraud

Collusion

May involve a consumer staging an accident in a grocery store and then seeking damages against the store for it's lack of attention to safety

Duplicity

The practice of unfairly treating a person or group of people differently from other people or groups of people

Discrimination

Can be defined as any repeated, unwanted behavior of sexual nature perpatrated upon one individual by another

Sexual harassment

Understanding the Ethical Decision –Making Process

Organizational relationship, individual factors, opportunity

Individuals make ethical choices on the basis of their own concepts of right or wrong and they act accordingly in their daily lives

Individual factors

Principles or rules that individuals apply in deciding what is right or wrong

Moral philosophy

A person's principles and values that define what is moral or immoral

Moral philosophy

Classification of moral philosophy

Consequentialism, ethical formation, justice theory

A class of moral philosophy that considers a decision right or acceptable if it accomplishes a desired result such as pleasure, knowledge, career, growth, the realization of self interest or utility

Consequentialism

A philosophy that defines right or acceptable conduct in terms of the consequences for the individual

Egoism

A consequential philosophy that is concerned with seeking to find the greatest good for the greatest number of people

Utilitarianism

A class of moral philosophy that focuses on the rights of individuals and on the intentions associated with a particular behavior rather than on its consequences

Ethical formation

Is a class of moral philosophy that relates to evaluations of fairness or the disposition to deal with perceived injustice of others

Justice theory

3 types of justice

Distributive justice, procedural justice, interactional justice

Evaluates the outcome or results of a business relationship

Distributive justice

The process and activities employed to procedure an outcome or results.

Procedural justice

Concerns about compensation would relate to the perception that salary and benefits decisions were consistent and fair to all categories of employees

Procedural justice

Evaluates the communication processes used in the business relationship

Interactional justice

Psychologist proposed that the people progress through stages in their development or moral reasoning

Lawrence Kohlberg

Stages of moral development

punishment and obedience, individual instrumental purpose and exchange, mutual interpersonal expectation, relationships and conformity, social justice and conscience maintenance, prior rights, social contract or utility, universal ethical principles

Suggest that people may change their moral beliefs and behavior as they gain education and experience in resolving conflicts and this helps accelerates their progress

Kohlberg theory

The willingness to exert high levels of effort to reach organizational goals conditioned by the efforts ability to satisfy some individual needs

Motivation

3 major relevant motives or needs in work situation

Need for achievement, need for power, need for affiliation

Ethical choices in business are most often made jointly in committee and work groups or in conversations with co worker

Organizational relationship

Is a set of values, beliefs, goals, norms and rituals shared by members or employee handbook, codes of conduct...

Organizational

Focusses specially on issues of right and wrong

Ethical climate

Determines whether an individual perceives an issue as having an ethical component

Ethical climate

Includes superiors, peers and subordinates in the organization who influence the ethical decision making process

Significant others

A guide of principles designed to help professionals conduct business honestly and with integrity

Code of ethics

Outline the mission and values of the business or organization, how professionals are supposed to approach problems

Code of ethics document

Referred to as an "ethical code" may encompass areas such as business ethics, a code of professional practice and an employee code of conduct

Code of ethics

6 pillar of characters

Trustworthiness, respect, responsibility, fairness, caring, citizenship

kind of consequentialism

Egoism, utilitarianism

A set of conditions that limit barriers or provide rewards

Opportunity

There is no place in an organization for those who suddenly become accepting of the ethical standards only after they have been caught violating them

Jimmy swaggart rule

He said that there are 3 major relevant motives or needs in work situations

McClelland's learned theory

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問題一覧

concern with moral issues and choices and deals with right and wrong behavior

Ethics

It relates to choices and judgement about acceptable standards of conduct that guide the behavior of individuals and groups

Ethics

Comprises the principles and standards that guide the behavior of individuals and groups in the world of business

Business ethics

is a problem, situation, or opportunity requiring an individual, group or organization to choose among several actions that must be evaluated as right or wrong, ethical or unethical

Ethical issue

Classification of Ethical Issues

Abusive, lying, conflict of interest, fraud and sexual harassment, discrimination

Types of Fraud (3)

Accounting fraud, marketing fraud, consumer fraud

Abusive

Associated with a hostile workplace when someone or a group considered a target threatened, harassed belittled, verbally abused or overly criticized

Bullying

Relates to distorting the truth.

Lying

Types of Lying

White lie, lying by commission, lying by ommission

Includes joking without malice, that is told in order to avoid hurting someone's feeling

White lie

Creating a perception or belief by word that intentionally deceive the receiver of the message (lying about being at work)

Lying by commission

Involves intentionally not informing the receiver of material facts.

Lying by ommission

Is the situation when an individual must choose whether to advance his or her own interests, those of his/her organization, or those of some other group

Conflict of interest

Any false communication that deceives, manipulate or conceals facts to create a false impression when others are damaged or denied a benefit

Fraud

When an individual engages in deceptive practices to advance his or her own interest over those of the organization or some group

Fraud

Accountants are bound to follow regulations but are faced with issues like reduced fees

Accounting fraud

The intentional misrepresentation or deceit during the process of creating, distributing, promoting, and priving products

Marketing fraud

Occurs when consumers attempt to deceive business for their own gain

Consumer fraud

Typically involves an employee who assists the consumer fraud

Collusion

May involve a consumer staging an accident in a grocery store and then seeking damages against the store for it's lack of attention to safety

Duplicity

The practice of unfairly treating a person or group of people differently from other people or groups of people

Discrimination

Can be defined as any repeated, unwanted behavior of sexual nature perpatrated upon one individual by another

Sexual harassment

Understanding the Ethical Decision –Making Process

Organizational relationship, individual factors, opportunity

Individuals make ethical choices on the basis of their own concepts of right or wrong and they act accordingly in their daily lives

Individual factors

Principles or rules that individuals apply in deciding what is right or wrong

Moral philosophy

A person's principles and values that define what is moral or immoral

Moral philosophy

Classification of moral philosophy

Consequentialism, ethical formation, justice theory

A class of moral philosophy that considers a decision right or acceptable if it accomplishes a desired result such as pleasure, knowledge, career, growth, the realization of self interest or utility

Consequentialism

A philosophy that defines right or acceptable conduct in terms of the consequences for the individual

Egoism

A consequential philosophy that is concerned with seeking to find the greatest good for the greatest number of people

Utilitarianism

A class of moral philosophy that focuses on the rights of individuals and on the intentions associated with a particular behavior rather than on its consequences

Ethical formation

Is a class of moral philosophy that relates to evaluations of fairness or the disposition to deal with perceived injustice of others

Justice theory

3 types of justice

Distributive justice, procedural justice, interactional justice

Evaluates the outcome or results of a business relationship

Distributive justice

The process and activities employed to procedure an outcome or results.

Procedural justice

Concerns about compensation would relate to the perception that salary and benefits decisions were consistent and fair to all categories of employees

Procedural justice

Evaluates the communication processes used in the business relationship

Interactional justice

Psychologist proposed that the people progress through stages in their development or moral reasoning

Lawrence Kohlberg

Stages of moral development

Suggest that people may change their moral beliefs and behavior as they gain education and experience in resolving conflicts and this helps accelerates their progress

Kohlberg theory

The willingness to exert high levels of effort to reach organizational goals conditioned by the efforts ability to satisfy some individual needs

Motivation

3 major relevant motives or needs in work situation

Need for achievement, need for power, need for affiliation

Ethical choices in business are most often made jointly in committee and work groups or in conversations with co worker

Organizational relationship

Is a set of values, beliefs, goals, norms and rituals shared by members or employee handbook, codes of conduct...

Organizational

Focusses specially on issues of right and wrong

Ethical climate

Determines whether an individual perceives an issue as having an ethical component

Ethical climate

Includes superiors, peers and subordinates in the organization who influence the ethical decision making process

Significant others

A guide of principles designed to help professionals conduct business honestly and with integrity

Code of ethics

Outline the mission and values of the business or organization, how professionals are supposed to approach problems

Code of ethics document

Referred to as an "ethical code" may encompass areas such as business ethics, a code of professional practice and an employee code of conduct

Code of ethics

6 pillar of characters

Trustworthiness, respect, responsibility, fairness, caring, citizenship

kind of consequentialism

Egoism, utilitarianism

A set of conditions that limit barriers or provide rewards

Opportunity

There is no place in an organization for those who suddenly become accepting of the ethical standards only after they have been caught violating them

Jimmy swaggart rule

He said that there are 3 major relevant motives or needs in work situations

McClelland's learned theory