this are made up of stories about life, adventure, live, horror, and humor where one can derive lesson

are long narrative poems in which a series of heroic achievements or events, usually of a hero, are dealt with at length.

These are one of the oldest forms of Philippine literature that emerged in the pre-Spanish period. mirrored the early forms of culture. Many of these have 12 syllables.It manifests the artistic feelings of the Filipinos and shows their innate appreciation for and love of beauty. The examples are Leron-Leron Sinta,Pamulinawen, Dandansoy, Sarong Banggi, and Atin Cu Pung Sing-sing.

The first Filipino alphabet, was replaced by the Roman alphabet.

performed by Filipinos during the Spanish times. Almost all of them were in a poetic form such Cenaculo, Panunuluyan, Salubong and Zarzuela

In 19th Century, Filipino intellectuals educated in Europe called Ilustrados began to write about the hitch of colonization.

This movement was spearheaded mostly by the intellectual middle-class like Jose Rizal, Marcelo del Pilar; Graciano Lopez Jaena, Antonio Luna, Mariano Ponce, Jose Ma. Panganiban, and Pedro Paterno.

Linguistically, Americans influenced Filipino writers to write using English language. Jose Garcia Villa became famous for his free verse.

was interrupted in its development when another foreign country, Japan, conquered the Philippines between1941-1945. Philippine literature in English came to a halt. This led to all newspapers not to be circulated in the community except for TRIBUNE and PHILIPPINE REVIEW

The common theme of most poems during the Japanese occupation was nationalism, country, love, and life in the barrios, faith, religion, and the arts.

Three types of poems emerged during japanese period

a poem of free verse that the Japanese like. It was made up of 17 syllables divided into three lines

like the Haiku, is short, but it had measure and rhyme.

usual form

Because of the strict prohibitions imposed by the Japanese in the writing and publishing of works in English, Philippine literature in English experienced a dark period. For the first twenty years, many books were published both in Filipino and in English.

According to Pociano Pineda, youth activism in 1970-72 was due to domestic and worldwide causes. Because of the ills of society, the youth moved to seek reforms.

The youth became vocal with their sentiments. They demanded a change in the government. It was manifested in the bloody demonstrations and the sidewalk expressions and also in literature.

Poems dealt with patience, regard for native culture, customs, and the beauties of nature and surroundings. Newspapers donned new forms. News on economic progress, discipline, culture, tourism, and the like were favored more than the sensationalized reporting of killings, rape, and robberies

After ten years of military rule and some changes in the life of the Filipino, which started under the New Society, Martial Rule was at last lifted on January 2, 1981.The Philippines became a new nation, and this, and former President Marcos called “The New Republic of the Philippines.” Poems during this period of the Third Republic were romantic and revolutionary. Many Filipino songs dealt with themes that were true-to-life like those of grief, poverty, aspirations for freedom, love of God, of country and fellowmen

Filipino people regained their independence, which they lost twenty years ago. In four days from February 21-25, 1986, the so-called People Power (Lakas ng Bayan) prevailed. In the short span of the existence of the real Republic of the Philippines, several changes already became evident.

The new trends have been used and introduced to meet the needs and tastes of the new generation. learners are demanded to be ICT inclined to compete with the style and format of writing as well. New codes or lingos are used to add flavor in the literary pieces produced nowadays.

Gabu depicts a coastline in Ilocos that is constantly experiencing the battering restlessness of the sea.

More popularly known now as the CALABARZON referring to the provinces of Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal, and Quezon, Region IV-A is home to Tagalogspeaking people in the Philippines.

The Visayas region is comprised of several islands circling the Visayan Sea. Its people, therefore, share a sea-based culture and tradition that may be rooted in a strong religious foundation.

It was either recited or sang back to prehistoric times to call for help from a deity, narrate a hero’s life and victories, tell about the love story of their rulers, or describe someone who inspires them.

it is the identical rhyme if the last words or sounds match each other.

it is also called the rhythm in poetry. It is the pattern of beats (foot) (stressed and unstressed syllables in a line). It is also called foot.

Study and appreciation of literacy texts from the different regions written in different genres covering

includes of meter

types of poetry

The beauty of poetry is on the carefully chosen words that rhyme and the lines and stanzas with uniform rhythm. Poetry must also employ figurative language to creatively express emotions, feeling and ideas. Here are the commonly used literary devices in poetry:

it is a story made by the author’s creative imagination. It has various sub-genres like mystery, fantasy, suspense, historical fiction science fiction, realistic fictiction.

types of fiction

includes the time or period and place where the event happened. The characters are the persons/ animals/ or any inanimate object that functions as the protagonist, antagonist and other minor entities that perform the actions, speak dialogue and moving the story along a plot line.

creates tension in the story and it involves the struggle of between two opposing forces/ characters, usually the protagonist and the antagonist. Conflict can be internal and external.

is a psychological conflict which arises when the character experiences two opposite emotions

is the struggle of a protagonist against outside forces that hamper his/ her progress and hinders him/her to achieve his/ her goal.

is a literary genre that tells about stories that actually happen in real life.

A script may only come to existence once it is performed before an audience. Its basic elements include the literary element (script), technical element (scenery set, make-up, costume, lights, and sound) performance element (acting, character analysis, character motivation…)

tells about the background of the story. The information can be about the setting, characters’ back stories, or historical contexts.

the part of the story after the characters and setting are introduced and events in the story begin to reveal probable conflicts that the protagonist must resolve.

the highest point of tension in the story. It is usually the mostinteresting part.

is the part of a story after the climax and before the very end.

the final outcome of the story and it is where other secrets are revealed, if there is any.

It is poetry uploaded in the internet. Its medium is the computer screen

It is a short poetry in a form of tanaga, that is sent through SMS on mobile phone.

It is telling a story in a few words, usually about 100-1000 words or less.

It is a heroine-centered fiction narrative ausually focus on the trials of the protagonist.

a regularly updated web page or website that is written in conversational style

Before you read someone’s work, you have to learn some background information about the author’s life, including his or her educational background, professional background, or socioeconomic background, which directly or indirectly influence his or her literary work.

As you read about the life of the author, you will also have a glimpse of his or her educational attainment and academic achievements.

As you continue to read the life of the author you will discover more, like how he or she started his or her career in writing. You will learn his or her milestones as a write

As you read about the author’s life, you will also find out about his or her family. You will know about his or her family background and other significant childhood and adulthood experiences

is a website containing informational articles about a person's own opinions, interests and experiences. These are usually changed regularly

is a traditional Filipino poem. A particular example of this poem is a tanaga that consists of 4 lines with 7 syllables each with the same rhyme at the end of each line.

is created with the use of Microsoft PowerPoint. It contains series of pictures or pages of information (slides) arranged in sequence and often displayed on a large screen using a video projector

is a visual, stylized arrangement of words or tags within a textual content such as websites, articles, speeches and database

is an electronic device used to record, copy, playback, broadcast, and display moving visual media

PURPOSES OF ANECDOTES:

Stories pop up anywhere and these are just sometimes making people laugh to brighten their mood. Here is an example of an anecdote meant to look back on happy memories:

In most anecdotes, people are talking about their experiences in the past. They try to look back on moments in their lives and share the joy of that time with others

Sometimes, just giving rules for individuals is not effective. Sharing to them frightening stories of dangers can be helpful for them to realize the possible consequences of their actions. Here is an example of cautionary anecdote

Sometimes, people share stories on how they surpassed their struggles in life. These, most of the time, give encouragement to others who have been in similar situations

means you have to focus on the language used in the literary text and how it is used to convey meaning.

you must focus on understanding the social, economic, political and cultural forces affecting the literary work.

a graphical technique to visualize connections of ideas and pieces of information.