問題一覧
1
what is a spreadsheet
contains one or more worksheets, designed to perform calculations an recalcutations automatically
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what is a worksheet
presented as a grid made of rows and columns in a spreadsheet
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cells can sites data in a variety of ways such as
date number formula
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formatting a cell
font colour bg colour border
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wht is conditional formatting
allows cell shading colour to be applied if specific conditions are met
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value input into cells can be controlled using
data validation
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spreadsheet data can be formatted as
general number currency time date percentage
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what is aw template
a document that has been pre formatted using a predetermined layout for user, serves as starting point for user, eg budget template will have slots of income and expenditure
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data can be imported into a spreadsheet but must be in specific formats such as?
csv file
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headers and footers can be added to spreadsheet for
page numbers file names dates
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functions of spreadsheet
SUM AVERAGE MIN MAX
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give an example of an if statement
=IF(A3>A6,"Over","OK")
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What is one advantage of using a vlookup system
data changed in table automatically updates the linked cells
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what is relative cell reference
when formula is automatically compiled down using fill function it adjust and cahbges fomrukas so that they refer to the correct cells
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what is absolute cell reference
in some cases cell ref must remain the same when it is copied, eg =SUM($A$3:B6)
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what does using piecharts do to help spreadsheets
assists in communication of information
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what does the vlookup function do
uses value in selected cell to look up a match in a look up table (vertical look up)
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slredsheets are used in organisations for
data modelling
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what is a model
a program developed to copy the way a system works in real life
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what us the cpu
central processing unit it processes programs and data does this by repeatedly fetching instructions and executing them
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Components of cpu
Control unit alu ias
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what dies the cu do
decides which instruction to carry out next, fetches from memory, decides then executes (fetch execute cycle)
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what does alu do
arithmetic logic unit carries out arithmetic calculations
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what does ias do
stores all data temporarily while in use
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what are registers
Hugh speed memory locations used for specific purposes
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what does program Counter do
pc stores address for next instruction to be fetched, automatically increments by 1 every time one is fetched
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registers
program counter memory address register memory data register instruction register accumulator
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what does Mar do
memory address register stores address of current instruction or data being executed
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what does MDR do
memory data register temporarily soree data being fetched from or written to main memory
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what does ir do
instruction register temporarily stores current instruction to be decided n executed
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what does accumulator do
stores result of calculations before being transferred
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what factors influence speed of processing
clock speed cache processor core
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what is clock speed
measure number of instruction cycles cou deals with in a second, GHz
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what is cache
temporarily stores frequently used instructions and data, quicker than ram so speedy
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what is processor core
a single processor, more advanced, more cores, higher ability to run many programs at once
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name computer hardware devices
microphone mouse graphics digitised touchscreen speaker laser printer 3d printer hard disc drive
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hd storage media
uses laser technology to retrieve data at high speeds from optical disks, can store over 50 gb of data and use blue laser. increase density and storage capacity
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ssd
solidstate storage device is flash memory, non volatile, USB stick is an example, compact portable and gave large storage capacity.
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memory cards
electronic flash memory storage devices, used in digital devices eg phones
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smart cards
bank cards use flash memory known as chip and PIN. cards contains small integrated circuit which allows data to be written to and read from card
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RAM
random access memory, can be read from or written to, volatile stores programs that user is currently using. larger ram capacity, faster processor
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rom
read only memory, can be read from only, non volatile, used to store programs computer frequently requires, (boot up etc)