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問題一覧
1
Type of Microtome wherein its blade is mounted on a slide where it slides towards the fixed sample holder, effectively producing a section with each pass.
Sliding microtome
2
Who invented the sliding microtome?
George Adams
3
Type of microtome wherein a blade is fixed and block of tissue moves through an arc, and strikes against the knife by means of a ratchet-operated micrometer thread.
Rocking Microtome
4
Who invented the Rocking/Cambridge microtome?
Paldwell Trefall
5
a type of microtome that is a manually operated cutting device for all types of work with paraffin and hard cutting technology
Rotary microtome
6
who invented the rotary microtome?
Minot
7
a type of microtome that rapidly freezes a paraffin tissue sample prior to sectioning
Freezing microtome
8
who invented the freezing microtome?
Queckett
9
A process used for tissue preparation
Conventional tissue processing
10
Process of preserving tissue specimen in what manner? using what specific reagent?
Life-like manner, 10% neutral buffered formalin, Fixation
11
Organize Tissue processing in progressing order: a. Clearing b. fixation c. dehydration d. Embedding e. Infiltration f. trimming g. sectioning h. floation i. decalcification j.mounting k.staining l. labeling m.rehydration
b, c, i, a, e, d, f, g, h, m, k, j, l
12
Process of removing water content of tissue to reduce what factor? using what specific reagent?
Dehydration, contamination, increasing concentrations of alcohol
13
Process of removing dehydrating agent it with a fluid miscible with what? using what reagent?
Clearing, wax and alcohol, xylene
14
Clearing produces what appearance of a sample?
Translucent appearance
15
Process where clearing agent is removed in exchange for a fluid that covers what? resulting in what? using what specific reagent?
Infiltration, cavities, firmer tissue consistency, paraffin
16
Process of arranging infiltrated tissue inside a mold containing what medium? heated inside what? within what temperature range?
Embedding, paraffin, paraffin oven, 56-57 degrees celsius
17
Process of removing excess paraffin wax from the block followed by a precise slicing of tissue sample using what? producing what? with a thickness of what?
Trimming, sectioning, microtome, section, 5 micronmeters
18
Process of expanding tissue sections using what? under what temperature range?
Floatation, hot water bath, 5-10 degrees celsius below paraffin melting point
19
Process of dying sections using which dyes? to study what properties?
Staining, hematoxylin and eosin, architectural pattern and physical characteristics of cells
20
Process of placing a cover slip on the stained tissue using what mounting medium? with what similar property of slide?
Mounting, Canada Balsam, refractive index
21
Why is urine collected routinely in Clinical Microscopy?
Easily available , Easily collected, Indicator of various metabolic functions
22
What are the primary reasons for performing urinalysis according to CLSI (Strasinger)?
Aids in the diagnosis of disease , Screens asymptomatic populations/individuals for undetected disorders , Monitors the progress of disease, Monitors the effectiveness of therapy/treatment
23
What characteristics of urine is observed during a macroscopic examination?
Color, Clarity, Odor
24
What is the pigment responsible for the yellow coloration of urine?
Urochrome
25
What pigment is responsible for pink coloration of urine found commonly in what? as a result of what kind of precipitation?
Uroerythrin, refrigerated specimens, amorphous urates
26
What pigment causes an orange-brown coloration of urine? what is the state of the urine when this pigment is present?
Urobilin, not fresh
27
Against what background is urine turbidity observed? what about urine coloration?
Newsprint materials, white background
28
Statement 1: Odor of urine is a part of routine urinalysis as it provides information of what specific disease or disorder the patient is likely suffering from. Statement 2: Odor of urine is merely an incidental observation when performing routine urinalysis
First statement is false, Second statement is true
29
Statement 1: Everyone who consumes asparagus produce an unusual or pungent aroma smelled by everyone without Cranial Nerve I lesions. Statement 2: Everyone who consumes asparagus produce an unusual or pungent aroma smelled by individuals who have a genetic predisposition to smell the odor.
Statement 1 is false, Statement 2 is true
30
Determine the corresponding remarks for the given descriptions of urine clarity: 1. No visible particulates, transparent 2. Few particulates, print easily seen through urine 3. Many particulates, print blurred through urine 4. Print cannot be seen through urine 5. May precipitate or be clotted, possibly caused by lipiduria, proteinuria, chyloria
Clear, Hazy, Cloudy, Turbid, Milky
31
Determine the corresponding aromatic result of causative agents/organisms. 1. Bacterial decomposition (nitriate reducing), UTI 2. Ketones (Diabetes mellitus, prolonged starvation, vomiting) 3. MSUD 4.Phenylketonuria 5. Tyrosinemia 6.Isovaleric acidemia 7.Methionine malabsorption 8.Trimethylaminuria 9.Contamination, likely not a urine specimen 10.Ingestion of onions, garlic, asparagus
Foul, Ammonia-like, Fruity, sweet, Maple syrup , Mousy, Rancid, Sweaty feet, Cabbage, Rotting fish, Bleach, Unusual or pungent
32
What properties of urine are observed in chemical examinations?
Specific gravity, pH, Protein, Glucose, Ketones, Blood, Conjugated Bilirubin, Urobilinogen, Nitrite, Leukocyte esterase
33
What assessed elements are examined under High Power Objective?
Urinary Crystals , Formed elements of blood, Bacteria, Spermatozoa, parasites, Yeast cells
34
Organize the preparation of microscopic examination of urine: a. A cover slip is then placed on top of the slide before microscopic observation. b. Decantation of supernatant liquid c. Aspiration of 20 µL (some labs use one or two drops) of urine sediments and placement of the aspirated sample on top of a glass slide d. Centrifugation of sample
d, b, c, a
35
Excess urinary crystals often lead to what disease?
Urinary stasis