visine

tetrahydrozoline is classified as an ________ preparation

tetrahydrozoline causes what

sodium nitroprusside is administered via what route in treating hypertensive emergencies

parenterally administered vasodilator for hypertensive emergencies and severe heart failure

nitrofurantoin and methenamine are what type of antiseptics

hexetidine is what type of antiseptic

povidone-iodine is what type of antiseptic

anti-viral + anti parkinsons disease

local anesthetic + antiarrhythmic

anti epileptic + anti arrhythmic

- a histamine analog used to improve blood circultion to the inner ear in menniere's syndrom

symptoms include dizziness, vertigo, tinnitus

atracurium is a __________ blbocker

used for smoking cessation

the immunoglobin primarily found in the primary response of the adoptive immunity to an infection

form of IgM

the imunoglobin primarily involved in anaphylactic and hypersensitivity reactions

the immunoglobin present in the first breastmilk of a mother known as colostrum

form of IgA

form of IgG, IgE, and IgD

immunoglobin that is most abundant in infants- placental passage

immunoglobin that is a receptor for b-cells

immunoglobin found in bodily secretions

tagamet

what type of antagonism if there is an alteration of chemical structure

antagonism that has that has same receptors- inhibition of effects

antagonism tha has different receptors- opposite effect

levophed

the use of atropine to suppress the muscarinic effects of excess acetylcholine consequent to the use of neostigmine is an exa,ple of what type of antagonism

trimethoprim+ sulfamethoxazole

neutralization (i.e., heparin + protamine); chelation (i.e., calcium + edta) is what type of antagonism

BZD+ flumazenil (GABAa); morphine+ naloxone (mu opioid) is what type of antagonism

Histamine (H2- constrict) + epinephrine (B2- dilate); amphetamine (stimulant)+ phenobarbital (sedative) is what type of antagonism

other term of physiologic antagonism

ezetimibe+ simvastatin

1+1+0 two drugs counteract the effect of each other

1+0=2 inactive drug enhances the effect of the active drug

1+1=3 joint effect > sum of individual effects

1+1=2 sum of individual effects

imipenem+ cilastin

pharmacodynamic interaction between Morphine + naloxone; heparin + protamine so4

pharmacodynamic interaction between amoxicilin + clavulanic acid (amoclav); imipenem+ cilastin

pharmacodynamic interaction between anti-TB drugs (RIPE); penicillins + aminoglycosides

pharmacodynamic interaction between alcohol + CNS depressant; ampalaya + antidiabetic drugs

levodopa+ carbidopa+ entacapone

levodopa+ carbidopa

a UTI patient has been unresponsive to ciprofloxacin therapy. which of the following drugs could the patient be concominantly taking with the antibacterial agent that decrease its efficacy

celebrex

a selective cox2 inhibitor that causes increased risk of cardiovascular events, and GI bleeding or ulceration

autoimmune disorder - hyperthyroidism

large amount of iodine - reduced thyroid levels

autoimmune disorder- hypothyroidism

iodine-induced thyrotoxicosis

lasix

why is the concomitant use of amphotericin b wih aminoglycosides not advisable

antihistamine+ sedative hypnotics=

what is most likely to occur when an anticoagulant is used concomitantly with antibiotic

black box warning whem taking quinolones

most common tendon rupture of fluoroquinolone

what drug has the brand name Alli

most stable form of cocoa butter

the interaction of acacia with bismuth salts will lead to

the change in color of epinephrine from a clear solution to a brown coloration is a result of

oxidizing agents are incompatible with reducing agents. this is an example of what incompatibility

proven to occur in well-known studies

very likely but not proven clinically

may occur but needs further study

could occur, but of limited date

doubtful, no clinical evidence

drug that initiates the interaction

electron donor- inhibits formation of free radicals

increase activity of antioxidants

other term for antioxidant synergist

chemical incompatibility of formaldehyde- paraformaldehyde (retarded by methanol)

mineral chameleon+ glycerin; mineral chameleon + sugar

AE of warfarin

r-thalidomide (anti nausea) and s-thalidomide (teratogen) ais what type of chemical incompatibility

adverse effect of insulin

teratogenic effect of methadone

teratogenic effect of carbamazepine

adverse effect of vancomycin

adverse effect of methyldopa

it causes systemic lupus erythematosus

which erythromycin salt causes cholestatic jaundice

hormones and neurotransmitters in adrenal medulla

refers to the psychological or physiological adaptations that occur in response to frequent administration of a drug

this is a phenoenon wherein the response to a substance is decreased with continuous use of the same dose of that substance

these are reactions that are noxious, unintended, and which occur at doses normally used in man for prophylaxis, diagnosis, or therapy