According to this source, a pest is anything that: (Select all that apply)

Pests can be placed in four main categories:

T/F Integrated Pest Management (IPM) has evolved to develop management strategies that incorporate all aspects of of the crop & pest ecosystem to economically manage the crop. In the integrated management approach, management strategies such as resistant varieties, crop rotation, cultural practices, & use of beneficial organisms need to be considered before considering chemical control.

To be classified as an insect, all adult insects must have three pairs of jointed legs & have what three main body regions?

which of the following are NOT insect like pests?

A plant disease is any harmful condition that makes a plant different from a normal plant in it’s appearance or function. Plant diseases caused by biological agents (pathogens) are of primary interest to pesticide applicators because they often can be controlled with fungicides or bactericides. Which of the following is NOT considered a pathogen?

Pathogens that cause plant disease are parasites that live & feed on or in host plants. They can be passed from one plant to another. What are the three factors that are required before a pathogenic disease can develop? This is called the disease triangle.

Any plant can be considered a weed when…

Weeds are a problem because…

All plants have four stages of development, which of the following are correct?

Which of the following is NOT considered a Life Cycle of Plants?

Which of the following Life Cycle terms is correct?

Which of the following Life Cycle terms is correct?

Which of the following Life Cycle terms is correct?

Which of the following Life Cycle terms is NOT correct?

______ are plants that grow from seeds that sprout in the spring. They grow, mature, produce seed, & die before winter. Examples: Crabgrass, Foxtail, Cocklebur, Pigweed, & Lambs Quarter.

______ produce seeds, but also produce rhizomes (below ground stems), or stoking (above ground stems that produce roots). Examples: Johnson grass, Field Bindweed, & Bermudagrass.

Which of the following are land plant weed classifications?

T/F To control weeds, which are growing among or close to desirable plants, you must take advantage of the differences between the weeds and the desired species. Be sure the plants you are trying to protect are not susceptible to the weed control method you choose.

T/F Generally, the more similar the desirable plant & weed species are to one another, the more difficult weed control becomes. For example, broadleaf weeds are most difficult to control in broadleaf crops, & grass weeds are often difficult to control in grass crops.

Weed Control Strategy: A plan to control weeds may include all of the following except:

______ weed control usually involves the use of insects and disease-causing agents, which attack certain weed species.

______ is NOT a cultural control method.

______ is NOT a cultural control method.

T/F An aspect of sanitation is NOT allowing existing weeds to produce seed & by cleaning equipment between fields.

T/F Chemicals used to control weeds are called herbicides. Herbicides do not kill plants by contact, they only kill by systemic action.

T/F Herbicide activity is either contact or systemic.

T/F Herbicide activity is either selective or non selective.

T/F Contact herbicides kill only the plant parts which the chemical touches.

T/F Contact herbicides are particularly effective against perennial weeds because the chemical reaches all parts of the plant.

T/F Systemic may take longer time to provide desirable results— up to two or three weeks, or longer for woody perennials.

T/F Selective herbicides are used to kill weeds without significant damage to near by plants.

T/F Nonselective herbicides are chemicals that kill all plants present if applied at an adequate rate. They are used where no plant growth is wanted.

T/F Herbicide selectivity does not vary according to the application rate.

______ herbicides are used to reduce weed competition in crops, lawns, & ornamental plantings.

T/F High rates of selective herbicides usually will injure all plants at the application site.

T/F Some nonselective herbicides can be used selectively by applying them at a lower rate.

Which of the following factors that affect selectivity are not true?

Which of the following factors do not affect a plant’s susceptibility to herbicides?

Which of the following factors DO NOT affect a plant’s susceptibility to herbicides?

Which of the following are chemicals that change plant processes?

T/F Chemicals that change the plant process must be measured carefully because they usually are effective in very small amounts. Overdosing will kill or seriously damage the plants.

______ will speed up, stop, retard, prolong, promote, start, or in some other way influence vegetative reproductive growth of a plant.

______ causes the leaves to drop from plants without killing the plants.

______ speeds up the drying of plant leaves, stems, or vines.

T/F Indoor vertebrate pest control usually is aimed at preventing pest entrance & eradicating pest infestations.

T/F Pesticides are chemicals used to destroy, prevent, or control pests. They also include chemicals used to attract or repel pests, & chemicals used to regulate plant growth or remove or coat leaves.

Insecticide controls:

Miticide controls:

Acaricide controls:

Nematicide controls:

Fungicide controls:

Bactericide controls:

Herbicide controls:

Rodenticide controls:

Avicide Controls:

Piscicide controls:

Molluscicide:

Predacide:

Repellant:

Attractant:

Plant Growth Regulator:

Defoliant:

Desiccant:

Antitranspirant:

Protectants:

Sterilants:

Contacts:

Stomach Poisons:

Systemics:

Translocated Herbicides:

Fumigants:

Anticoagulants:

Selective:

Nonselective:

Pheromones:

T/F Postmergence is used before weeds emerge.

T/F Preplant is used before the crop is planted.

T/F Preemergence: used after the weeds have emerged.

The ______ & ______ of application of are critical.

Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects pesticide activity?

T/F An adjuvant is an inert material added to a pesticide formulation or tank mix to increase the effectiveness of the active ingredient.

T/F Some product labels may caution the user against adding adjuvants.

Reduces drift:

Reduces foaming of spray mixtures that require vigorous agitation.

Allows mixing of pesticides of different acidity or alkalinity.

Allows water-based pesticides to mix with petroleum carrier.

Aids in combining pesticides effectively.

Reduces drift by increasing droplet size.

Allows pesticide to form a uniform coating layer over the treated surface.

Allows petroleum-based pesticides (EC’s) to mix with water.

Allows the pesticides to get through the outer surface to the inside of the treated area.

Allows wettable powders to mix with water & stick on plant or animal surfaces.

Allows pesticide to stay on the treated surface.

Reduces phytotoxicity of pesticide to protected crop.

T/F Two or more pesticides can be mixed together to control a wider range of pests with a single application as long as they are said to be non compatibile with each other.

It is important to remember that not all pesticides work well in combination. Pesticides that are not compatible can cause all of the following except:

T/F Some pesticide labels list other pesticides with which the product is compatible. Be careful with do-it-yourself mixes; they could cost you time & money.

T/F Pesticide users are required by law to comply with all the instructions & directions for use in pesticide labeling.

You are responsible for applying only registered pesticides. You may encounter three major types of registration. Which one of the following is NOT considered one of the three major types of registration?