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Treatment and Problems
問題数 23 • 2024/02/13
  • Marie Everio
  • 通報

    問題一覧

  • 1

    calcium and magnesium; clogging, burning out of boilers, laundry and food preparation; ion exchanger and zeolite process

    hardness

  • 2

    acidity, entrained oxygen and carbon dioxide (low ph); closing of iron pipe rust, destroy brass pipe; raising the alkaline content

    corrosion

  • 3

    contamination by organic matter or sewage; disease; chlorination by sodium hypochlorite or chlorine gas

    pollution

  • 4

    iron and manganese; discoloration of fixtures and laundry; precipitation by filtration through manganese zeolite oxidizing filter

    color

  • 5

    organic matter; unpleasantness; filtration through activated carbon purifier filtration

    taste or odor

  • 6

    carbon dioxide, containing decaying vegetation; corrosion, rusting, and clogging of steep pipes; through a bed of crushed marble or limestone, sodium silicate

    acidity

  • 7

    silt or suspended matters picked up in a surface; discoloration and bad taste; filtration

    turbidity

  • 8

    measure of total calcium, magnesium, iron, and other metallic elements that contribute to the “hard” feel of water

    hardness

  • 9

    presence of bicarbonates of calcium and magnesium

    temporary hardness

  • 10

    presence of noncarbonic salts (sulfates, chlorides, and nitrates)

    permanent hardness

  • 11

    sum of the calcium and magnesium concentrations; combination of temporary (carbonate hardness) and permanent (non-carbonate hardness)

    total hardness

  • 12

    build up of minerals and rust from inner linings of pipes; caused by minerals like calcium carbonate and magnesium

    pipe scaling

  • 13

    0-75mg/L; 0 to 4

    soft

  • 14

    76-150mg/L; 4 to 8.5

    moderate

  • 15

    151-300mg/L; 8.5 to 17

    hard

  • 16

    over 300mg/L; 17+

    very hard

  • 17

    standard ion exchange water softener; hard water treatment; the hardness (calcium and magnesium) is replaced with sodium

    sodium ion exchange process

  • 18

    soft

    less than 1 or 17.1

  • 19

    slightly hard

    1 to 3.5; 17.1 to 60

  • 20

    moderately hard

    3.5 to 7; 60 to 120

  • 21

    hard

    7 to 10; 120-180

  • 22

    very hard

    over 10; over 180

  • 23

    other method for hard water treatment

    boiling of water and addition of lime (calcium hydroxide)

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