concepts

60問 • 2年前

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問題一覧

Physiology is primarily the study of

function

which of the following is NOT a main speciality of physiology

atomic physiology

which of the following is not a principal life process

adaptation

which of the following is a recognised level of physiological organisation

chemical/molecular level

what is the term of the process by which a nearly stable environment is maintained in the body, so that cellular and metabolic functions can proceed at a maximum efficiency

homeostasis

which term describes the regulatory mechanism which results from the activities of the nervous system or endocrine system that control or adjust the activities of many systems simultaneously

extrinsic regulation

a feedback loop contains all of the following components except

stimulator

what is the primary mechanism providing long term control maintaining constant internal conditions and systems

negative feedback

which of the following demonstrates a positive feedback loop, that is where the initial stimulus produces a response that exaggerates or enhanced the change in the orginixal conditions rather than opposing it

childbirth

communication and integration is essential to maintaining homeostasis, relying on ? signals

chemical and electrical

which of the following is not a basic mexhxnaism of cell to cell communications?

intercellular

all of the following are principal components of cells except

exclusions

the plasma membrane is a gatekeeper regulating the passage of substances into and out of the cell described by the ? model

fluid mosaic

which of the following is not a key function of the plasma membrane in human cells

regulation of gene transfer

which type of membrane protein is bound to the inner or outer surface of the membrane and is relatively easily speedster from it

peripheral

membrane proteins a variety of specialised functions including each of the following except

effectors

a membrane through which any substance can pass without difficulty is

freely permeable

when passage across the selectively permeable cell membrane requires energy expenditure, usually in the form of ATP, is known as

active

transport processes can be categorised by each of the following mechanisms except

osmosis

process of diffusion tend to ? a concentrate gradient

eliminate

which of the following is not a principle characteristic of osmosis

it tends to produce an electrochemical gradient

which type of cells employ electrical impulses

neurons and muscles

the generation of electrical impuleses requires the presence of an ? membrane, which must contain ion channels

excitable

membranes generate electrical impuleses through distribution of

ions

a positively charged ion is called

cation

opposite charges ? each other

attract

when there is a diffference between the number of positive and negative charges across a cell membrane this is commonly termed a ? difference

potential

which of the following is a principle ion involved in neural impulse generation?

sodium

potassium ions tend to move out of s cell through open potassium channels and create a ?

negative potential difference

because the ? concentration of sodium is relatively high, sodium ions tend to move into the cell

extracellular

at rest, the cell membrane is much more permeable to potassium that sodium, this generates a potential difference of

-70 mV

the potential difference across the cell membrane sets up a

electrical gradient

if the cell membrane were freely permeable to a particular ion, but impermeable to all other ions, that ion would continue to leave the cell until the electrical gradient was as strong as the chemical gradient - this is called the

equilibrium potential

the equilibrium potential for sodium is

+60 mV

ion channels permit the movement of ions in and out of the cell and are principally regulated by

voltage or chemicals

voltage hates ion channels can be in each of the following states except

open, and incapable of closing

any shift from the resting potential towards o mV is called a

depolarisation

the following are typical phsyiologixal potentials except

electrode potential

graded potentials are local changes in membrane potential that

can be depolarising or hyperpolarising

a ? is a brief, stereotyped change in membrane potential in the positive direction during excitation of a neuron

action potential

which of the following provides the best definition of a state of equilibrium

opposing processes or forces are in balance

which statement best describes the relationship between anatomy and physiology

physiology studies the functions of specified structures within an organism, which are described by anatomy

if your body temperature drops, what type of mechanisms is responsible for returning it to normal

negative feedbacks

which of the following activities would indicisyw that a novel object may be a living organism

it moves away when touched

physiological processes include

respiration

which of the following functions is dependent on the nervous system

Co ordinated responses to stimuli

which system provides protection from the environment and takes a part in temperature control

skin (integumentary system)

which of the following systems does not interact with all the others

musculoskeletal

how does negative feedback maintain a stable internal environment

it reverses any deviations from a set point

which of the following statements about homeostasis is consistent with the idea of a dynamic equilibrium

homeostasis continually adapts and adjusts to changing conditions

which of the following is suitable for long-distance communication within the body

endocrine signals

the fluid mosaic model implies

membrane proteins can freely interact with each other

what cannot drive the passive movement of substances across the cell membrane

ATP

which of the following statements about major divisions of the nervous system is correct

the afferent division carries only sensory information; the efferent division carries onlu motor commands

which of the following statements about the divisions of the efferent branch of the nervous system is correct

the somatic division carries only voluntary commands; the autonomic division carries only involuntary commands

which of the following distinguishes an axon from a dendrite

excitability

at equilibrium potential there is no net flow of ions because

chemical and electrical gradients are in balance

the movement of ions in and out of a neuron as a result of electrical activity

does not significantly affect ion concentration inside or outside the cell

the sodium potassium pump

slowly exchanges 2 K ions for 3 Na ions at the expense of energy to maintain normal concentration gradients

the threshold of a neuron is determined by

the voltage gated ion channels in its membrane

muscle

muscle

nervous

nervous

reproductive

reproductive

renal

renal

gastro

gastro

endocrine

endocrine

respiratory

respiratory

bodily fluids

bodily fluids

cardiovascular

cardiovascular

問題一覧

Physiology is primarily the study of

function

which of the following is NOT a main speciality of physiology

atomic physiology

which of the following is not a principal life process

adaptation

which of the following is a recognised level of physiological organisation

chemical/molecular level

what is the term of the process by which a nearly stable environment is maintained in the body, so that cellular and metabolic functions can proceed at a maximum efficiency

homeostasis

which term describes the regulatory mechanism which results from the activities of the nervous system or endocrine system that control or adjust the activities of many systems simultaneously

extrinsic regulation

a feedback loop contains all of the following components except

stimulator

what is the primary mechanism providing long term control maintaining constant internal conditions and systems

negative feedback

childbirth

communication and integration is essential to maintaining homeostasis, relying on ? signals

chemical and electrical

which of the following is not a basic mexhxnaism of cell to cell communications?

intercellular

all of the following are principal components of cells except

exclusions

the plasma membrane is a gatekeeper regulating the passage of substances into and out of the cell described by the ? model

fluid mosaic

which of the following is not a key function of the plasma membrane in human cells

regulation of gene transfer

which type of membrane protein is bound to the inner or outer surface of the membrane and is relatively easily speedster from it

peripheral

membrane proteins a variety of specialised functions including each of the following except

effectors

a membrane through which any substance can pass without difficulty is

freely permeable

when passage across the selectively permeable cell membrane requires energy expenditure, usually in the form of ATP, is known as

active

transport processes can be categorised by each of the following mechanisms except

osmosis

process of diffusion tend to ? a concentrate gradient

eliminate

which of the following is not a principle characteristic of osmosis

it tends to produce an electrochemical gradient

which type of cells employ electrical impulses

neurons and muscles

the generation of electrical impuleses requires the presence of an ? membrane, which must contain ion channels

excitable

membranes generate electrical impuleses through distribution of

ions

a positively charged ion is called

cation

opposite charges ? each other

attract

when there is a diffference between the number of positive and negative charges across a cell membrane this is commonly termed a ? difference

potential

which of the following is a principle ion involved in neural impulse generation?

sodium

potassium ions tend to move out of s cell through open potassium channels and create a ?

negative potential difference

because the ? concentration of sodium is relatively high, sodium ions tend to move into the cell

extracellular

at rest, the cell membrane is much more permeable to potassium that sodium, this generates a potential difference of

-70 mV

the potential difference across the cell membrane sets up a

electrical gradient

equilibrium potential

the equilibrium potential for sodium is

+60 mV

ion channels permit the movement of ions in and out of the cell and are principally regulated by

voltage or chemicals

voltage hates ion channels can be in each of the following states except

open, and incapable of closing

any shift from the resting potential towards o mV is called a

depolarisation

the following are typical phsyiologixal potentials except

electrode potential

graded potentials are local changes in membrane potential that

can be depolarising or hyperpolarising

a ? is a brief, stereotyped change in membrane potential in the positive direction during excitation of a neuron

action potential

which of the following provides the best definition of a state of equilibrium

opposing processes or forces are in balance

which statement best describes the relationship between anatomy and physiology

physiology studies the functions of specified structures within an organism, which are described by anatomy

if your body temperature drops, what type of mechanisms is responsible for returning it to normal

negative feedbacks

which of the following activities would indicisyw that a novel object may be a living organism

it moves away when touched

physiological processes include

respiration

which of the following functions is dependent on the nervous system

Co ordinated responses to stimuli

which system provides protection from the environment and takes a part in temperature control

skin (integumentary system)

which of the following systems does not interact with all the others

musculoskeletal

how does negative feedback maintain a stable internal environment

it reverses any deviations from a set point

which of the following statements about homeostasis is consistent with the idea of a dynamic equilibrium

homeostasis continually adapts and adjusts to changing conditions

which of the following is suitable for long-distance communication within the body

endocrine signals

the fluid mosaic model implies

membrane proteins can freely interact with each other

what cannot drive the passive movement of substances across the cell membrane

ATP

which of the following statements about major divisions of the nervous system is correct

the afferent division carries only sensory information; the efferent division carries onlu motor commands

which of the following statements about the divisions of the efferent branch of the nervous system is correct

the somatic division carries only voluntary commands; the autonomic division carries only involuntary commands

which of the following distinguishes an axon from a dendrite

excitability

at equilibrium potential there is no net flow of ions because

chemical and electrical gradients are in balance

the movement of ions in and out of a neuron as a result of electrical activity

does not significantly affect ion concentration inside or outside the cell

the sodium potassium pump

slowly exchanges 2 K ions for 3 Na ions at the expense of energy to maintain normal concentration gradients

the threshold of a neuron is determined by

the voltage gated ion channels in its membrane