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💊COLLECTED 1 HES 005 Pharmacology
  • ryamonamour official

  • 問題数 100 • 6/10/2024

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  • 1

    A nurse is giving discharge instructions to a client who is receiving a bulk-forming laxative as part of the home. medications. All of which are examples of bulk-forming laxative, except?

    A. Docusate Sodium (Colace)

  • 2

    What is the priority nursing intervention for a client receiving an antiemetic?

    D. Keep bed in low position with side rails up

  • 3

    A client has been given Loperamide hydrochloride (Imodium). Which of the following situation is the medication indicated to?

    D. Acute dysentery

  • 4

    A client has been given Ondansetron (Zofran). For which condition should the nurse administer this medication to the postoperative patient?

    A. Vomiting

  • 5

    A client with a duodenal ulcer is diagnosed with H. pylori infection. The physician prescribed Amoxicillin (Wymox). Pantoprazole (Prevacid), and Clarithromycin (Biaxin). Which statement made by the nurse correctly explains the purpose of these medications?

    B. "These medicines will stop the acid production and will kill the bacteria

  • 6

    A client is prescribed with Omeprazole (Prilosec). The nurse determines that the client is receiving its therapeutic effect if which of the following is stated by the client

    D. Relief from GERD

  • 7

    A client has been prescribed with Pancrelipase (Pancrease). Which of the following symptoms would prompt the nurse that the medication is having its therapeutic effect if which of the following is noted?

    D. Reduction of excess fat in feces

  • 8

    A client has been taking Ibuprofen for some quite time and was given Misoprostol (Cytotec), Which of the following is exhibiting the therapeutic effect of Cytotec?

    A. Relief of gastric ulcer

  • 9

    A geriatric patient is prescribed with Cimetidine (Tagamet) for the treatment of heartburn. Which of the following is the most frequent CNS side effect?

    B. Drowsiness

  • 10

    A nurse is administering an IV bolus of Cimetidine (Tagamet). Which of the following should the nurse monitor closely follow the administration?

    A. Respiratory rate.

  • 11

    Loop diuretics are effective with inhibiting sodium reabsorption within the nephron because it inhibits

    C. the sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter

  • 12

    Your patient is ordered a loop diuretic at 1000. Which finding below would require you to hold the dose and notify the physician for further orders?

    B. Potassium level 1.5 mEq/L

  • 13

    You're providing discharge instructions to a patient who will be taking a loop diuretic at home. Which statement by the patient demonstrates they did NOT understand the teaching material and requires that you reinforce some of the teaching points?

    A. "I will eat a diet rich in potatoes, bananas, avocadoes, strawberries, and spinach."

  • 14

    What electrolyte imbalances would the nurse monitor for in the patient who is taking a loop diuretic? Select all that apply:

    A. Hypokalemia

  • 15

    The client is receiving medication for the treatment of anemia. The nurse has taught the client about this drug and about anemia. The nurse evaluates that learning has occurred when the client makes which statement?

    A. "My anemia could be be caused by y blood loss somewhere, but there are other causes too

  • 16

    The client had stomach cancer and a surgical removal of his stomach several years ago. The physician prescribed cyanocobalamin (Nascobal). The client stopped this drug several months ago. What will the nurse most likely assess in this client?

    A. Memory loss, numbness in the limbs, and depression

  • 17

    What is the only potassium-sparing diuretics that can be used in children?

    C. Amiloride

  • 18

    A patient receiving diuretics should alert the nurse if she feels the following:

    D. all of the above

  • 19

    A patient admitted for cerebral swelling complained of feeling light-headed and nauseous while receiving mannitol. What should the nurse do?

    A. Document, withdraw, and notify doctor

  • 20

    The physician prescribes the patient a loop diuretic. As the nurse you know that this type of diuretic causes diuresis by mainly affecting what structure in the nephron?

    D. Ascending limb of the loop of Henle

  • 21

    As a nurse you know that Ferrous should not be given with:

    D. All of the above

  • 22

    What do you give with Ferrous sulfate, ferrous fumarate, or ferrous gluconate to help promote absorption?

    A. Vitamin C

  • 23

    The client receives epoetin alfa (Epogen) subcutaneously, and says to the nurse. "My doctor said I have anemia. Ar there little red blood cells in that shot?" What are the best responses by the nurse?

    B. "No, this medication stimulates your body to make red blood cells."

  • 24

    The nurse is teaching a class on how red blood cell formation is regulated by the body to a group of clients who hav AIDS. The nurse evaluates that learning has occurred when the clients make which statements?

    D. "Red blood cell formation is regulated through messages from the hormone erythropoietin

  • 25

    The client receives chemotherapy as therapy for cancer. The physician orders epoetin alfa (Procrit) subcutaneously The client asks the nurse if this drug is also chemotherapy. What is the best response by the nurse?

    D. "No, this drug will help prevent anemia that can be caused by your chemotherapy

  • 26

    Which statement below BEST describes how Heparin works as an anticoagulant?

    D. "It enhances the activation of antihrombin III, which prevents the activation of thrombin and the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin.

  • 27

    Which patients below would be at a HIGH risk for developing adverse effects of Heparin drug therapy? Select all that apply:

    E. A. All of the above

  • 28

    A patient is ordered to start an IV continuous Heparin drip. Prior to starting the medication, the nurse would ensure what information is gathered correctly before initiating the drip?

    C. PT/INR level

  • 29

    What is the approximate NORMAL level range for an activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)?

    C. 30-40 seconds

  • 30

    A patient, who is receiving continuous IV Heparin, has an aPTT of 105 seconds. What is your next nursing action per protocol?

    D. Hold the infusion for 1 hour and decrease the rate per protocol because the aPTT is too high

  • 31

    Lipid levels of individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD) is usually high. All of the following are factors of CAD, except:

    B. Gout

  • 32

    Which assessment finding in a patient taking an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor will the nurse act on immediately?

    B. Elevated liver function tests

  • 33

    A patient is taking pravastatin sodium. Which assessment finding requires immediate action by the nurse?

    C. Muscle pain

  • 34

    Antihyperlipidemic agent that is used to decrease plasma cholesterol levels.

    A. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

  • 35

    A pregnant woman needs a lipid-lowering agent. What would be the best class of lipid-lowering agent for pregnant women?

    B. Bile acid sequestrants.

  • 36

    The patient states to the nurse, "My friend said nitroglycerin relieves angina pain by reducing preload. What is preload?" Which statement by the nurse explains preload to this patient?

    C. "It is the pressure against which the heart must pump

  • 37

    In severe cardiac glycoside toxicity, all of the following should be in the bedside, except

    C. Calcium channel blocker

  • 38

    Type of angina which involves spasm of the blood vessels

    D. Prinzmetal angina

  • 39

    10. Which instruction should be included in the discharge teaching for a patient with a transdermal nitroglycerin (Nitro-Dur) patch?

    D. "Apply the patch to a hairless, nonirritated area of the chest, upper arm, back or shoulder.'

  • 40

    Contraction and relaxation in each cardiac cycle is controlled by:

    C. cranial nerves

  • 41

    All of the following can cause arrhythmia, except

    D. none of the above

  • 42

    Verapamil and diltiazem belong to which class of antiarrhythmics?

    A. Class IV

  • 43

    The conduction system of the heart include the following:

    A. Sinoatrial node, B. Bundle of Purkinje, C. His Fibers, D. Atriomyocardial node

  • 44

    1. Nursing student Annie was assigned in the cardiovascular unit A wherein all the patients have heart failure. Ms. Annie is aware that the primary treatment for heart failure (HF) is which of the following?

    C. increasing contractility so the heart will be able to pump more blood

  • 45

    Which of the following is the most common cause of heart failure?

    D. Coronary artery disease (CAD

  • 46

    Digoxin was prescribed to a patient with ventricular tachycardia. What should the nurse do?

    B. Discuss the order with the doctor

  • 47

    What is the antidote for digoxin intoxication?

    C. Digoxin immune fab (Digibind, DigiFab).

  • 48

    An infant who is receiving cardiac glycosides has an apical pulse of 80 beats per minute. Which is the best nursingintervention for this assessment finding?

    B. Withdraw the drug and notify doctor

  • 49

    What signals the novice nurse that intravenous milrinone was combined to furosemide in management of patients with heart failure?

    C. Formation of precipitates

  • 50

    What health teaching should the nurse provide for the client receiving nadolol (Corgard)?

    D. Rise slowly after prolonged periods of sitting or lying down

  • 51

    A diuretic is added to the treatment regimen for a client with hypertension. The nurse explains that diuretics help reduce blood pressure by:

    C. Reducing sympathetic outflow

  • 52

    Atenolol (Tenormin) is prescribed for a client with hypertension. The nurse recognizes that a safe dose for this drug is:

    C. Atenolol (Tenormin) 50 mg b.i.d.

  • 53

    Nifedipine (Procardia) 30 mg p.o. is prescribed for a client. The nurse teaches the side effects and instructs the client to immediately report:

    C. Increased shortness of breath and orthopnea

  • 54

    The client is taking atenolol (Tenormin) and doxazosin (Cardura). what is the rationale for combining 2 anti-HT drugs?

    B. Lower doses of both drugs may be given with fewer adverse effects

  • 55

    the nurse is administering antihypertensive drugs to older adults patients. the nurse knows that which adverse effect is of most concern for these patients?

    B. hypotension

  • 56

    Which of the following objective data should the nurse consider when determining the effectiveness of the drug therapy?

    A. Blood pressure log notes blood pressure 120/70-134/88 since discharge

  • 57

    A client receiving HCTZ 25 mg q.d. and digoxin 0.125 mg q.d. complains of nausea and vomiting, and of seeing halos around lights. The client's serum digoxin level is 2.5 ng. The appropriate nursing intervention is to:

    C. Hold the digoxin and HCTZ

  • 58

    Nitroprusside (Nitropress) is prescribed for a client admitted with a blood pressure of 220/110. What action by a new nurse would require intervention by the charge nurse?

    A. The nurse inserts a Foley catheter.

  • 59

    The nurse reviews the teaching plan with a client receiving nifedipine (Procardia). Which of the following client behaviors indicates understanding?

    A. The client avoids taking the drug with grapefruit juice.

  • 60

    The three primary elements that determine the pressure in the cardiovascular system are heart rate, stroke volume

    B. Peripheral resistance

  • 61

    Untreated hypertension can result to which of the following:

    D. All of the above

  • 62

    A student nurse was asked to take the blood pressure of a patient in the emergency room. The BP reads 140/90 3 mmHg. She would be correct to say that this BP belongs to

    B. Elevated

  • 63

    Which of the following medications will decrease the therapeutic effects of quinapril (Accupril)? A

    A. NSAIDS

  • 64

    A patient receiving nitroprusside begun manifesting headache, distant heart sounds, imperceptible pulses, and shallow breathing. The nurse knows that these are signs of?

    C. Cyanide toxicity

  • 65

    This antidiabetic agent works best in patients with insulin resistance.

    C. Thiazolidinediones

  • 66

    Which antidiabetic agent works by modulating gastric emptying after a meal to cause a feeling of fullness?

    C. Human amylin

  • 67

    Marlisa has been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 1. She asks Nurse Errol what this means. What is the best response by the nurse? Select all that apply.

    C. "Without insulin, you will develop ketoacidosis (DKA).", E. "It means your pancreas cannot secrete insulin."

  • 68

    Dr. Shrunk orders intraverious (IV) insulin for Rita, a client with a blood sugar of 563. Nurse Aj administers insulin lispro. (Humalog) intravenously (IV). What does the best evaluation of the nurse reveal? Select all that apply.

    B. The nurse should have contacted the physician, C. The nurse should have used regular insulin (Humulin R)

  • 69

    Ben injects his insulin as prescribed, but then gets busy and forgets to eat. What will the best assessment of the nurse reveal?

    D. The client will have moist skin

  • 70

    A clinical instructor teaches a class for the public about diabetes mellitus. Which individual does the nurse assess as being at highest risk for developing diabetes?

    B. The 56-year-old client who drinks three glasses of wine each evening

  • 71

    Steven John has type 1 diabetes mellitus and receives insulin. Which laboratory test will the nurse assess?

    A. Potassium

  • 72

    Jansen is receiving metformin (Glucophage). What will be the best plan of the nurse with regard to patient education with this drug? Select all that apply.

    B. It must be taken with meals., C. It decreases sugar production in the liver, E. It reduces insulin resistance

  • 73

    Nurse Andy has finished teaching a client with diabetes mellitus how to administer insulin. He evaluates the learning has occurred when the client makes which statement?

    D. "I should only use calibrated insulin syringe for the injections

  • 74

    Genevieve has diabetes type 1 and receives insulin for glycemic control. She tells the nurse that she likes to have a glass of wine with dinner. What will the best plan of the nurse for client education include?

    C. The alcohol could predispose you to hypoglycemia

  • 75

    Dr. Wijangco orders Insulin lispro (Humalog) 10 units for Alicia, a client with diabetes mellitus. When will the nurse administer this medication?

    A. When the client is eating

  • 76

    Nurse Matt makes a home visit to the client with diabetes mellitus. During the visit, Nurse Matt notes the client's additional insulin vials are not refrigerated. What is the best action by the nurse at this time?

    C. Have the client place the insulin vials in the refrigerator

  • 77

    During the morning rounds, Nurse AJ accompanied the physician in every patient's room. The physician writes orders for the client with diabetes mellitus. Which order would the nurse validate with the physician?

    D. Lantus insulin 20U BID

  • 78

    An older woman with diabetes mellitus visits the clinic concerning her condition. Of which of the following symptoms might an older woman with diabetes mellitus complain?

    D. Perineal itching

  • 79

    Which of the following exerts its effect by inhibiting the enzyme that breaks down glucose for absorption?

    A. Miglitol

  • 80

    What is pharmacokinetics?

    b. The study of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs

  • 81

    The interaction of one drug increased by the presence of a second drug is known as:

    a. Potentiation

  • 82

    Considering the absorption of medications during administration, which of the following routes would yield the quickest response?

    c. Intravenous medications

  • 83

    When performing an assessment about medication drug history should include which of the following?

    b. Reason for medication, c. Client's goal therapy, d. Administration of OTC medications

  • 84

    When considering the pharmacotherapeutic effects of drugs administered to clients, the nurse considers which property of most Importance:

    a. Efficacy

  • 85

    Safety of a drug is determined by the degree between which of the following?

    a. Therapeutic and toxic doses

  • 86

    The nurse is monitoring the therapeutic drug level for a client on vancomycin (Vancocin) and notes that the level is within the acceptable range. What does this indicate to the nurse? Select all that apply.

    b. The drug level is appropriate to exert therapeutic effects, d. the nurse will need to continue monitoring because each client response to a drug is unique

  • 87

    When a drug is 50% protein bound it means that:

    b. A drug not bound to protein is an active drug

  • 88

    When reviewing the patient's medication regimen, the nurse understands that the interval of drug dosage is related to what?

    a. Half-life

  • 89

    It is important for the nurse to be aware of the four sequential processes of the pharmacokinetic phase. What are these processes?

    c. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion

  • 90

    The nurse is teaching the client about newly prescribed medication. Which statement made by the client would indicated the need for further medication education?

    c."taking this drug with food will decrease how much gets into my system.

  • 91

    The nurse is caring for several clients. Which client will the nurse anticipate is most likely to experience an alteration drug metabolism?

    a. A 3 day old premature infant

  • 92

    A client is being discharged from the hospital with a nebulizer for self-administration of inhalation medication. Which statement made by the client indicates to the nurse that the client education has been successful?

    c. "Medicines taken by inhalation produce a very rapid response."

  • 93

    The Nurse is caring for a client with hepatitis and resulting in hepatic impairment. The nurse would expect the duration of action for most medications to:

    a. Decrease

  • 94

    The nursery nurse is putting erythromycin ointment in the newborn's eyes to prevent infection. She places it in the following area of the eye:

    c. In the lower conjunctival sac

  • 95

    The nursing responsibilities in the assessment phase of the nursing process include

    a. Identify side effects of drugs that are nonspecific, c. Advise client to avoid fatty foods prior to ingesting an enteric coated tablet, d. Evaluate client's reaction to drug

  • 96

    The nurse is aware of the many factors related to effective health teaching about the medication. The most essential component of the teaching plan is to do which?

    b. Establish a trust relationship

  • 97

    A medication health teaching plan is tailored to a specific client. Common topics for health teaching include which? (Select all that apply.)

    a. Importance of adherence to the prescribed regimen, b. How to administer medication (s), c. What side/adverse effects to report to the health care provider

  • 98

    The nurse educator on the unit receives a list of high-alert drugs. Which strategies are recommended to decrease the risk of errors with these medication? (Select all that apply.)

    b. Limit access to these drugs, c. Use special labels, d. Provide increased information to staff

  • 99

    Nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a 13-year-old client. The nurse follows the six rights of medication administration for a pediatric client. After checking for the right client, the right dose, the right drug, the right time and the right route, what is the final item the nurse must check for this client?

    c. Right Documentation

  • 100

    Doctor's Order: Diuril 1.8 mg/kg po tid; Available: Diuril 12.5 mg caps. How many cap will you administer for each dose to a 31 lb child?

    b. 2.5 caps