問題一覧
1
Determine the picture
AIR BUBBLES
2
Determine the picture
DIAPER FIBER
3
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Trichomonas vaginalis
4
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OVAL FAT BODIES
5
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SPERMATOZOA
6
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MUCUS THREADS
7
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STARCH
8
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BACTERIA
9
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GLASS
10
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BUDDING YEAST
11
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Gardenerella vaginalis
12
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URIC ACID
13
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XRAY CONTRAST MEDIA
14
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EPITHELIAL CELLS
15
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TRIPLE PHOSPHATE
16
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URIC ACID
17
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CALCIUM PHOSPHATE
18
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CYSTINE
19
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DIHYDRATE CALCIUM OXALATE AND MONOHYDRATE CALCIUM OXALATE
20
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CHOLESTEROL
21
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AMMONIUM BIURATE WITHOUT SPIKE
22
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WAXY CAST
23
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OVAL FAT BODIES IN HYALINE CAST
24
Determine the picture
AMMONIUM BIURATE
25
DETERMINE THE PICTURE (ignore the red arrow)
FATTY CAST
26
WHAT SEDIMENT DOES RED ARROW IS POINTING OUT?
CHOLESTEROL
27
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CALCIUM CARBONATE
28
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GRANULAR CAST
29
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HYALINE CASTS
30
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WAXY CASTS
31
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BILIRUBIN
32
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WBC CAST
33
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FATTY CAST
34
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RBC CAST
35
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RENAL TUBULAR CELLS
36
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EPITHELIAL CELL, WBC, RBC
37
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RENAL TUBULAR CELL CAST
38
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RED BLOOD CELLS
39
Determine the picture
RED BLOOD CELLS
40
It causes precipitation of amorphous urates and phosphates
REFRIGERATION
41
Standard volume of urine used in microscopic examination
10 TO 15 ML
42
Centrifugation of specimen for
5 MINUTES AT 400 RCF
43
In sediment preparation what is the volume used?
0.5 TO 1 ML
44
What will happen if there is an overfilled in the glass slide?
LOSS OF HEAVIER ELEMENTS
45
RBC, WBC, and Hyaline cast can disintegrate in
DILUTE ALKALINE URINE
46
Warming of specimen at what degree prior centrifuging may dissolve some of the crystals?
37 DEGREES CELSIUS
47
Casts are located near the
EDGE OF THE SLIP
48
If WBC is present, urine is positive in what chemical test?
LEUKOCYTES, NITRITE, PROTEIN
49
If casts is present, urine will be positive in what chemical test?
PROTEIN
50
If bacteria is present, urine will be positive in what chemical test?
NITRITE, LEUKOCYTE
51
Stain used to detect glitter cells
STERNHEIMER-MALBIN
52
What renal disorder is determined if abnormal number of RBC and WBC are present in the urine
GLOMERULONEPHRITIS
53
What renal disorder is determined if abnormal number of WBC and Bacterial Cast is present in the urine?
PYELONEPHRITIS
54
What renal disorder is determined if abnormal number of WBC and RTE Cells are present in the urine?
PYELONEPHRITIS
55
When there is a presence of WBC casts in the urine, it is associated in what renal disease?
PYELONEPHRITIS
56
If Fatty Cast is present in the urine, what are the renal diseases is associated with it?
NEPHROTIC SYNDROME
57
Hyaline cast is purely consist of
TAMM-HORSFALL PROTEIN
58
Waxy cast indicates that the patient have
CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE
59
Ammonium biurate is converted into uric acid upon addition of
GLACIAL ACETIC ACID
60
Cerebrospinal fluid is also known as
FLUID UNDER PRESSURE
61
Dura Mater is also known as
HARD MOTHER
62
Pia Mater is also known as
GENTLE MOTHER
63
Spiderweb-like layer
ARACHNOID
64
70% of CSF is produced in this region
CHOROID PLEXUSES
65
How many percent of CSF produced in Interstitial Fluid?
30%
66
Rate of formation of Cerebrospinal Fluid
20 mL/hour
67
Total volume of Cerebrospinal Fluid in adult
140-170 mL
68
Total volume of Cerebrospinal Fluid in infants/neonates
10-60 mL
69
represents the control and filtration of blood components to the CSF and to the brain
BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER
70
What are the disease formed when BBB is damaged?
Meningitis, Multiple Sclerosis
71
Lumbar Tap is done in what region of the body
BETWEEN L3 AND L4 Of INTERVERTEBRAL SPACE
72
How much volume is needed in Lumbar Tap collection
10 - 20 mL
73
Opening pressure of Lumbar Tap
90 - 180 mmHg
74
Enumerate the Tubes for CSF Analysis
CC/Serology, Bacteriology, Hematology, Excess
75
Grossly Bloody CSF : ______________________
INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGE
76
Puncture of the Blood Vessels : ________________________
TRAUMATIC TAP
77
Color of CSF with a very slight amount of oxyhemoglobin
PINK
78
Color of CSF with heavy hemolysis
ORANGE
79
Color of CSF when there is a conversion if oxyhemoglobin to unconjugated bilirubin
YELLOW
80
Most reliable test in confirming Xanthrochromia
SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
81
Known as "COBWEB FORMATION"
PELLICLE
82
When there is a presence of pellicle, it may suggest that a patient have
TUBERCULAR MENINGITIS
83
In transparency of CS Fluid, what is the amount of RBC and WBC that imparts haziness, respectively?
400, 200
84
If the CSF is viscous, it may suggest that there is a presence of what fungi?
C. neoformans
85
If the CSF is viscous, it may suggest that there is a presence of a _________ that produce cancer cells
METASTATIC MUCIN
86
pH level of Cerebrospinal Fluid
7.3 - 7.35
87
Specific Gravity of CSF
1.006 to 1.008
88
CSF Peotein is higher in which group?
INFANTS AND OLDER PEOPLE
89
Normal Values of CSF Protein
15 to 45 mg/dL
90
Normal Protein Fractions present in CSF
PREALBUMIN, ALBUMIN, CERULOPLASMIN, TRANSFERRIN, IgG, IgA
91
Major betaglobulin
TRANSFERRIN
92
CSF Gammaglobulin
Immunoglobulin G
93
Carbohydrate-deficient fractions present in CSF
TAU
94
A precipitating agent where ppt. albumin is better than globulin fraction
SULFOSALICYLIC ACID
95
A precipitating agent where ppt. of glubulin is better than albumin
PENDY'S REAGENT
96
Precipitating agent known as "Precipitation of Choice"
TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
97
Precipitating agent that specifically measures albumin fraction
SODIUM SULFATE
98
When a patient have an incresed globulin fraction, what disease does it suggest?
BACTERIAL MENINGITIS
99
Enumerate the Stains/Dyes used in CSF Analysis
BIURET, COOMASIE BRILLIANT BLUE, PONCEAU S, METHYL ORANGE, HYDROXYAZOBENZOIC ACID