QDEMDTMS

61問 • 2年前

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done by using chemicals to a small sample of inks removed from the document through Thin Layer Chromatography

EXAMINATION OF INKS(INK ANALYSIS)

This technique involves shining various types of light at different angles onto the surface of the document in order to reveal any indentations

FORENSIC LIGHTING

Certain chemicals can be used to react with the residue left by the erased writing, causing it to become visible again.

CHEMICAL REAGENTS

This technique involves applying a static charge to the surface of the document

ELECTROSTATIC DETECTION

This made possible to see tiny traces of the original writing that were missed during the erasure process.

MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION

With the help of advanced software this can enhanced to reveal any faint traces of the original writing that may be present.

DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING

Used to dissolve or remove the overlying material without damaging the underlying writing.

CHEMICAL REGENTS

This used to reveal the underlying text without removing the overlying material.

IMAGING TECHNIQUES

Used to repair or reconstruct the damaged document.

PHYSICAL RESTORATION

The examination of bilss bills and coins

EXAMINATION OF COUNTERFEIT CURRENCY

Study of stamps l, including their design, production and use as well as their historical significance.

EXAMINATION OF STAMPS(PHILATELY)

It is the EXAMINATION OF SEALS including their design and use.

SIGILLOGRAPHY

Properties or characteristics, observed or measured.

ANALYSIS (RECOGNITION)

Properties or characteristics of the unknown determined thought analysis are now compared with the familiar or recorded properties of known items

COMPARISON

Similarities and disimilarities in properties will each have a certain value for identification. This weight or significance of each must therefore be considered

EVALUATION

An instrument for visual enlargement purposes.

MAGNIFYING LENSE

A pictorial image formed by casting shadow, usually of the hands, upon a righful surface or screen.

SHADOWGRAPH

A tri-dimensional 3D enlarger

STEREOSCOPIC BINOCULAR MICROSCOPE

Those used for signatures and typewriting

MEASURES AND TEST PLEATES (TRANSPARENT GLASS)

Used for controlled illumination, needed in sidelight examination where in place at a low-ange in a position oblique to plane or document

TABLE LAMP WITH ADJUSTABLE SHADES(GOOSE NECK LAMPS)

A device where light comes from beneath or behind glass on document is placed.

TRANSMITTED LIGHT GADGET

Usually used in detection of counterfeited bills but can actually be used to detect security features of qualified documents.

ULTRA VIOLET LAMP

Primarily used to decipher writings in charred document.

INFRARED VIEWER

This is similar to that of the bullet comparison microscope

COMPARISON MICROSCOPE

Any examination or study which is made with the microscope in order to discover minute physical details

MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION

Documents subjected to this type of examination to determine the presence of erasures, matching of serrations and some other types alterations

TRANSMITTED LIGHT EXAMINATION

Decipherment of faded handwriting, determination of outlines in traced forgery, embossed impressions, etc are subjected to this type of examination.

OBLIQUE LIGHT EXAMINATION

This type of examination is very essentual in every document examination. Actual observations are recorded in the photographs

PHOTOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION

This examination used the ultraviolet radiation is invisible and occurs in the wave lengths just below the visible blue-violet end of the spectrum.

ULTRA-VIOLET EXAMINATION

This examination of documents employs invisible radiation beyond the red portion of the visible spectrum (rainbow) which is usually recorded on a specially sensitized photographic emulsion.

INFRARED EXAMINATION

It is the result of a very complicated series of acts, being used as whole, combination of certam forms of visible mental and muscolar habits acquired by tong, continued painstaking effort.

HANDWRITING

connected, writing in which one letter is connected to the next.

CURSIVE

It separated or printed type of handwriting

SCRIPT

Kind of handwriting which is all capital letters

BLOCK/PRINTED

Wignore's Principle of Judicial proof, handwriting is defined as?

*VISIBLE EFFECT OF BODILY MOVEMENT *UNCONSCIOUS EXPRESSION OF FIXED MUSCULAR HABITS *FIXED MENTAL IMPRESSION OF CERTAIN IDEAS

These effects our muscular habits, making writing and automatic succession of acts stimulated by habits.

ENVIRONMENT EDUCATION OCCUPATION

BASIS OF HANDWRITING IDENTIFICATION

1. IMITATION OF HANDWRITING IS DIFFICULT -other person cannot by mere will power reproduce in himself all the muscular combination from the babit of the firstwriter. 2. THE PEN IS THE EXTENSION OF THE HAND- The fingers transmit to the paper, the directive impulse and the variation on omancular tension that according to the rature of the writer's nervous organization occur during the act of writing. 3. Cortical Center (Exner's Area) -This center near the motor area of the cortex is responsible for the finger movement revolved in handwriting If this cortex is affected by disease or illness, our ability to write.

This center near the motor area of the cortex is responsible for the finger movement.

CORTICAL CENTER (EXNER'S AREA) - RIGHT HEMISPHERE

The threee groups involve in Handwriting

EXTENSOR MUSCLES FLEXOR MUSCLES LUMBRICAL MUSCLES

The muscle that push up the pen to form the upward stroke

EXTENSOR MUSCLES

The muscle that push the pen to form the downward stroke

FLEXOR MUSCLES

The muscle that push the pen to form lateral stoke

LUMBRICAL STROKE

How does children learn writing?

by following a SCHOOL COPY/MODEL

After acquiring some degree of skill the children no longer follow the school model he/she now developed?

PERSONAL WRITING

When speed increases conscious design and regularity begin to break down its called?

REGULARITIES OF WRITING

This begins as soon as writing begins and continues until each writer in the way that seems best and easiest for him.

VARIATION OF WRITING

What are the movement in handwriting:

FINGER MOVEMENT HAND MOVEMENT FOREARM MOVEMENT WHOLE FOREARM MOVEMENT

The thumb, the first, the second and slightly the third fingers are in actual motion.Most usually employed by children and illiterates

FINGER MOVEMENT

produced by the movement or action of the whole hand with the wrist as the center of attraction

HAND MOVEMENT

The movement of the shoulder, hand and arm with the support of the table

FOREARM MOVEMENT

action of the entire arm without resting ex.BLACKBOARD WRITING

WHOLE FOREARM MOVEMENT

a succession of connected, uniform strokes working in full coordination.

RHYTHM

Characterized by a succesion of awkward independent, poorly directed and disconnected motions

LACK OF RHYTHM

The writer normally and spontaneously or write without hesitation.

IMPORTANCE OF RHYTHM

Letters are formed by joining of the upward and downward or horizontal strokes

LETTER OF CONNECTIONS

rounded stroke shaped or curve line above like an arch

ARCADE

Links the downward stroke to the upstrokes with a flowing curve swinging from left to right.

GARLAND

An abrupt stop and start in each tantung point

ANGULAR

the joining of downward and upward strokes in slurred to a threadlike tracing of where rounded turns ased at both top and bottom produce a double curve

THREADLIKE

a series of lines or curves written in a single letter, one of the lines of an alphabet or series of lines or curves within a single letter, the path traced by the pen on the paper.

STROKE

The movement of the pen as it is raised from the paper and continues in the same direction in the air.

AIRSTROKE

CA-IC FINALS W/PICS

Jessa Trocio · 86問 · 2年前

CA-IC FINALS W/PICS