What is my purpose in life? Why do we have to die? What is the essence of free will? These questions are called what?

What compels us to look at a particular experience from a wider perspective?

What refers to a part of the whole?

What pertains to the whole?

One of the main branches of philosophy and it deals with the so-called "being of beings". Mostly big ideas arising from big questions.

A manner of looking at things in a holistic way.

It is another important aspect of the study of philosophy based on arguments or reasongs given for people's answers to their questions. To this end, philosophers employ this to study the nature and structure of arguments.

According to German philosopher Martin Heidegger, what makes philosophy different in science is that a scientific question is alsways confied to the ______, whereas a philosophical questions leads into the ___________ and inquiries into the whole.

One of the most famous philosophers who ever lived, this Athenian philosopher was a student of Socrates and teacher to Artistotle. He wrote numerous dialogues in which Socrates is the main character. His most famous works are the Apology.

It is a technique to resolve philosophical questions. This dates back to the ancient Greek which is considered an art of refutation.

His life is a puzzle because even three recognized sources (Plato, Xenophon, and Aristophanes) on his life presented differing accounts. He left no writings, but conversed with people from all walks of life using question and answer as a concrete living out of his famous advice - "Know thyself." His commitment to philosophy was the reason he was condemned to death. He is also much known in his use of dialectics. His method in answering philosophical questions demonstrates consistency and clarity.

Socrates' famous advice

He is known for introducing the concept of historical materialism.

The philosopher who claimed that a philosophical question inquiry into the whole.

He was born in Stagira, Greece and studied in Plato's Academy. He surpassed his teacher by the number of works he wrote and diverse fields he studied (philosophy, biology, politics, psychology, and art). He tutored a thirteen-year-old boy who came to be as Alexander the Great. He also put up a school in Athens called Lyceum. He claimed that “philosophy begins in wonder.” To wonder about a thing is to be more than curious. Wonder stimulates us to venture into philosophy.

Two classifications of wisdom according to Aristotle.

This wisdom is to know the necessary truths and its logical consequence.

This wisdom is based on knowledge in the realm of action. Example: politics and ethics.

The three philosophical views are?

This view of philosophy from ancient period wants to understand the ultimate nature of the world. In Western philosophy, Thales was the first to wonder about the origin of the universe that led him to the view the water is the underlying principle of all things.

This view of philosophy is where the world become secondary to God. Philosophers such as Avicenna. St. Augustine, and St. Thomas Aquinas existed.

This view of philosophy is centered on man. It is the result of rising modern science and the diminished power of the church in 17th century. It is a time of subjectivity and individualism.

This method of philosophizing is through a series of questioning and answering

It is investigated by philosophical reflection which the world is constituted as lived, experienced, thought of, and understood. It is studied by examining it in relation of each other.

He discussed that our truth is based on how we perceived something through our five basic senses. He is a German philosopher known for his contributions in epistemology, ethics, metaphysics and logic which stays relevant up to today. His contributions and his stand in regards of the empiricist and rationalist debate- ‘the synthetic priori knowledge’. Unlike his predecessor Plato, he thought that noumena (things as they really are) is not accessible to us. We can only know phenomenon as they appear to us.

In truth-making we use this to see things-as-they-appear-to-us.

Is how we process the data in our mind.

There will always be gaps, awaiting to be filled by the human mind. Humanity requires a sense of “____________”. We have the field of science, arts, religion, sociology or philosophy. This something that is not readily handed to us by the internet. Yet these components of our humanity will be the filler to the gap mentioned.

One facet of determining of truth and deception is that there is a clear line of distinction between ________ and ________. These do not equate to one another.

What is the Greek term for Knowledge?

What is the Greek term for Opinion?

A branch of philosophy dedicated in to the study of knowledge and the problems that revolves around it.

What entails that there is variation of beliefs or opinion arising from different cultures, society etc.?

Philosophers from the ancient time like _____ has been recognized as one of the earliest minds who tries to differentiate opinion and knowledge. He identifies that knowledgeis certain and opinion are those which are uncertain.

A deductive argument of a certain form where a conclusion is inferred from two premises.

Serve as an explanation as to why the conclusion is valid or acceptable.

Who developed syllogism?

He is a French philosopher, scientist and mathematician who is known to be the “Father of Modern Philosophy”. His writings in the Meditations on First Philosophy (1641), where his famous, ”cogito ergo sum” (I think therefore I exist) is to be found, is one of his famous legacy. He gave the criteria of clear and distinct ideas.

Descartes' famous quote.

In his first mediation, Descartes gives emphasis to _____.

In this period, postmodernism prevailed.

This deny any of the prominent viewpoints held by their predecessors (view points from 16th – mid-20th century) regarding reality, truth, knowledge, human nature, and language. For its objective, reality is nothing but a conceptual construct.

He is a French writer and Philosophy. His most famous work is, “Of Grammatology” (1967). Deconstructionism is attributed to him. This school of thought is a reaction to the thought of structuralism.

This challenges traditional views in philosophy by looking at structures of language to open up to limitless interpretation.

Opposite of absolute truth, without much thought can be dangerous. The idea that, “what is true for you, may not be true for me”, loses the opportunity for discussion since everyone can interpret everything differently.

This believed that true propositions are those that correspond with reality.

He is philosopher, historian, mathematician, and logician who is known as the founder of analytical philosophy.

Understood as meaning. Connotation or intention of logic. Derived in the context that the itself provides.

It is referred to or the denotation. The things we point to by name.

What gives us leverage to take about the same things yet disagree because we might have different meaning upon it?

It is only in the context of a sentence that a word has a meaning we use it as a subject in a sentence.

What expands the direction of a philosophical discussion?

Some philosophers made use of this to derived a more expansive understanding towards language. Thus, the meaning of any given sentence must be taken from the meaning of its part since the entire sentence provides the context.

Born in Vienna to a wealthy and cultured family of Jewish origin, he studied engineering in Berlin and Manchester. Attracted by the new logic of Frege and Russell and fascinated by its philosophical implications, he went to Cambridge to work with Russell in 1911. The work he did there marks the beginning of his seven years labour on the Tractatus. He also provides another insight as he introduced languag egames

A philosophical theory which believes that the essence of every object can be thought of, investigated, and understood more than the usual way of understanding it. It emphasizes that we should not be too entrapped with the parts only but also the whole. And so, this approach pursues on trying to make us see very phenomenon or object in a true and purified meaning.

Aside from the usual meaning we attached to words, there are also various ways we use them and so to understand meaning people must be playing the same “game”.

What is the motto employed to phenomenology?

A statement about a factual matter-one that can be proved true or false.

Expression of belief, opinion, or personal preference.

What are the two cognitive attitudes?

We employ this attitude when we are comfortable with the things that we already know.

We employ this attitude when we direct our consciousness to investigate the essence of a phenomenon.

A French novelist, playwright and foremost existentialist philosopher. For his works focused on freedom and responsibility, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature.

A German philosopher who is attributed to be the founder of the Phenomenological movement in 1913. His idea in phenomenology also gives rise to the taught that everyone can know the truth themselves. If they want to, anyone can be a phenomenologist.

Designed to make us see what every existing thing means to someone who experience it by thorough reflection.

The existential phenomenology approach entails, this because in existentialism, we create meaning for our own self, which may vary with others.