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問題一覧
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electron jumpes to a higher shell
Excited state
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no electrons in an atom can have the same quantum number, and the electrons occupying the same orbital must have an opposite spin.
Pauli exclusion princple
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An atom is a sphere of uniformly distributed positive charge with electrons attached to it Or a positively charged sphere with electrons inside it
J.J. THOMPSON ATOMIC MODEL
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The set of numbers used to describe the position and nergy of the electron in an atom. Thhere are a total of four quantum numbers used to describe completely the movement and trajectories of each electron within an atom
Quantum numbers
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Proposed a model like a miniature solar system This model shows that electrons are moving in definite energy levels
BOHR’S PLANETARY MODEL
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is a qualitative test in analytical chemistry used to help identify the composition of sample
Flame test
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electron returns to lower shell
Ground state
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is an interval ranging from -1 to +1 (so it can be be zero a negative integer or a positive integer) Determines the number of orbitals and their orientation within a subshell
Magnetic quantum numbers
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States that when two elements combine to form 2 more different compounds, and the amount of one element is constant
LAW OF MULTIPLE PROPORTION
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the number of values of the orbital angular number l can also be used to identify the number subshells in a
SUBSHELL
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States that a given compound always shows a fixed proportion
LAW OF DEFINITE PROPORTION
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the way in which electrons are arranged around the nuclei of atoms
ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATION
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electrons enter orbitals of the lowest energy level first. Electrons will successively occupy available orbitals in order of increasing energy
Aufbua principle
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The nucleus is very small compared to the total volume of the atom The electrons are found outside the nucleus
RUTHERFORD’S ATOMIC MODEL
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When electrons enter a sublevel containing more than one orbital, they will spread out over the available orbitals with their spinds in the same direction before the pair with opposite spins
Hund’s rule of multiplicity
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Matter cannot be broken down into small particles. He called it atomos (atomos, indivisible)
Democritus(400BC)
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It designates the direction of the electorn spin and may have a spin of +½ represented by (up arrow) or -½, represented (down arrow)
ELECTRON SPIN QUANTUM NUMBERS
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became the foundation of the three basic laws in chemical changes
DALTON’S ATOMIC THEORY
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States that matter neither created nor destroyed during an ordinary chemical change
LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS
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Model conceives of electrons as undulations of matter, that is, it describes the wave behaviour of the electron
ERWIN SCHRÖDINGER ATOMIC MODEL