問題一覧
1
is the 4th and final stage of aerobic respiration.
electron transport chain
2
Through ETC, the e- needed for the cellular activities is released in the form of ATP.
remember!
3
ETC is an O2 dependent process which occurs in the ________membrane.
inner mitochondrial
4
The energy rich carbohydrates (Glu), FA and AAs undergo a series of metabolic reactions and finally get oxidized to ________?
co2,h2o
5
contains two membranes: outer membrane permeable to small molecules and an impermeable inner membrane
mitochondria
6
uses shuttle system that transport NADH electrons across inner mitochondrial membrane.
cystosolic nadh
7
readily oxidized for ATP production
mitochondrial nadh
8
Heart Liver Kidney
malate aspartate shuttle
9
Brain Skeletal muscle
glycerol 3 phosphate shuttle
10
ATP per cystosolic NADH
1.5
11
ATP per mitochondrial NADH
2.5
12
Mitochondrial inner membrane is impermeable to NAD+/NADH but is permeable to ions attached to malate.
malate aspertate shuttle
13
Requires FAD prosthetic group to transfer electrons to ubiquinone (Q) to enter ETC.
glycerol 3 phosphate
14
It is faster but less efficient
glycerol 3 phosphate
15
Electron Transport Chain Location
inner mitochondrial membrane
16
ETC Overall Reactions
electrons and protons from nadh and fadh2~intermediate carriers~ O2 (to produce H2O) remember!
17
How many components ETC have?
4
18
4 membrane-bound complexes (Complex I-IV), ATP Synthase mobile electron carriers (CoQ and Cyt C)
remember!
19
Complex I- NADH dehydrogenase Process:
Collects 2e- from the NADH and passes them to ubiquinone (CoQ) to form reduced ubiquinol (CoQH2), which carries the e- to Complex III
20
Complex I- NADH dehydrogenase Protons pumped
4H+
21
Complex I- NADH dehydrogenase Co factor:
FMN
22
Complex II- Succinate dh/ Succinate CoQ oxidoreductase Process:
Part of the TCA cycle which transfers 1e- from FADH2 to CoQ reducing to CoQH2, which carries the e- to Complex III
23
Complex II- Succinate dh/ Succinate CoQ oxidoreductase Protons pumped:
4H+
24
Complex II- Succinate dh/ Succinate CoQ oxidoreductase Co factor:
FMN
25
Non protein membrane of ETC lipid soluble
coenzyme Q
26
A protein that contains heme group( phorphyrin and fe3+)
cytochrome C
27
Complex III- (Cyt bc1 complex) Process:
Cyt c passes e- to Complex IV → O2 (final e- acceptor forming H2O.
28
Complex III- (Cyt bc1 complex) Protons pumped:
2H+
29
IV (CyT C oxidase) Process:
Cyt c passes e- to Complex IV → O2 (final e- acceptor forming H2O.
30
IV (CyT C oxidase) Protons pumped:
2H+
31
ATP synthase (F0 F1 -ATPase), the enzyme that generates ATP, is a multi-subunit enzyme that contains an __________ (F0 ) and a ________(F1 ) that project into the matrix.
inner membrane portion,stalk/headpiece
32
The ____ c-subunits in the membrane form a rotor that is attached to a central asymmetric shaft composed of the ε- and γ-subunits.
12
33
The headpiece is composed of ____ αβ-subunit pairs. Each β-subunit contains a _______for ATP synthesis.
3,catalytic site
34
The headpiece is held ______ by a δ-subunit attached to a_____ _____ connected to subunit a in the membrane.
stationary,long subunit
35
ATP Synthase (Complex V) Process:
This moves the H+ that were pumped out of the matrix (coupling)
36
ATP Synthase (Complex V) membrane spanning domain for proton translocation
F0
37
ATP Synthase (Complex V) extramembranous domain that carries out production of ATP from ADP and Pi
F1
38
Mechanism of ATP synthesis
chemiosmosis and OP
39
the movement of ions across a semipermeable membrane, down their electrochemical gradient
chemiosmosis
40
the process in w/c ATP is formed because of the transfer of electrons.
oxidative phosphorylation
41
block complexed through binding with specific e- carriers
inhibitors
42
I - NADH dh
metformin, retone
43
II- succinate dh
malonate
44
III- cyt bc1 oxidase
dimercaprol, antimycin a
45
IV- cyt c oxidase
cyanide, CO, H2S
46
V- ATP synthase
oligomycin
47
disrupts membrane permeability; dissipates H+ gradient
uncouplers