irregular thickening of ink, writing slowed down

gap without lifting the pen, due to speed

purely by simulation rather than tracing, most skillful

following the outline or facsimile of a genuine signature, with writing instrument

not only a non-genuine document, used synonymously with fraudulent signature or spurious document

fraudulent signature but no apparent attempt at simulation or imitation

disguise, from right to left

disguise, from cursive to block

disguise, from small to big

combination of collected and requested standards to obtain what opinion

do you have to dictate the entire content?

repetition of some portion in dictated standard

ruled pad paper or plain paper

relative date of questioned and standard writing (contemporary standard)

amount of standard written : writing

amount of standard written: signature

gov't document and ancient writings may be admitted as evidence

rate of speed in dictating to produce normal writing

known writings, indicate how a person writes, manifest fixed habits that identify him

rounded stroke shaped like an arch, controlled movement

slurred to a threadlike tracing, top and bottom double curve

angular connection is formed, abrupt stop and start

essential expression of writing pattern, neuro-muscular function

awkward, independent, poorly directed

succession of strokes, if writer normally and spontaneously write with hesitation

path traced by the pen, continuos or broken, visual record of the writing movement

quality of stroke, extended or limited

quality of stroke, pressure exerted

quality of stroke, rapid or slow, space is steady or variable

leftward or rightward trend, upward or downward reach

waves the total pattern, more or less regular interval

most personal and individual, constitutes individuality, thousand of peculiarities

connected writing

capitalized writing

separated writing

blackboard writing, ornamental penmanship, entire arm without rest, very large writing

movement in which elbow is the pivotal, writing by hand and arm

indicative of rhythm and greatest freedom and speed

wrist is the pivotal, fingers have minor role, action of the hand

push and pull writing, by children and unfamiliar to process, thumb+index+middle, vertical writing

principle serving as basis of handwriting identification, handwriting as visible effect of bodily movement

visible effect of bodily movement, almost unconscious, fixed mental impression

slow, moderate, or rapid, cannot be measured precisely

angle or inclination of axis to the baseline

widening of the ink strokes, added pressure on flexible pen

degrees of ability or skill, writer's proficiency

relationship between height of short letters

regular or periodic recurrences; smooth, intermittent, or jerky; flourishing succession of motion

intermittently forcing the pen against the paper surface, increase pressure, produces shading

average force, usual force

document examiner's conclusion

normal or usual deviations in repeated specimen

related to the motion; skill, speed, freedom; by finger, hand, forearm, and whole arm

executed normally without any attempt to control or alter

study or examination with the microscope

classes of line quality

overall character of the ink lines from beginning to the end

analysis by comparisons and measurement

study of handwriting to determine character disposition

altered his usual writing habits to hide identity

close and critical study of any material

common to a group

highly personal or peculiar, unlikely to occur in other

relation of individual letters to the baseline

any property or marks, identifying details, distinguishes

writing weakness, irregular shaky strokes

upright long downward stroke, trunk/stalk, in capital letters

major long downward stroke, b & g

goes back over other writing strokes, superimposed upon the original

outside portion of the top curve, small m has three and n has two

writer grasps the barrel of the pen, holds it

reach of the hand with the wrist at rest

retouching or going back iver defective portion

removing the writing instrument from the paper, common in ball-point pen

oval in shape

more motion or movement, continuity of stroke force

oblong curve in small letter, blind or open, f-g-l

capital letter

minuscule

strokes which connect two strokes

extra deposit of ink due to slow withdrawal, in fountain pen

upper portion, outside the top

minute curve or ankle at end of terminal stroke or beginning of initial stroke, involuntary talon like

any repeated elements or details that individualize writing

lower parts which rest on baseline

lower portion of a letter, opposite of ascender

cross bar or a dot, in t or i, completes a certain letter, indian script was also known for this

loop made as flourished, e.g added in k and a

bad writing

art of beautiful writing

main portion of the letter, minus initial, terminal, and diacritic

fully rounded oval or circular form, O

inside the top curve of loop

imaginary alignment of writing

path traced by the pen, lines or curves

result of a very complicated series of acts, by long, continued painstaking effort

visible effect of bodily movement, almost subconscious, fixed mental expression

similarities or dissimilarities in properties, determined by likelihood of occurrence, weight or significance

characteristics of the unknown compared with the familiar

characteristics or properties are observed and measured