Hemoglobin is made up of ???? amino acids?

1 gram of HgB = ???

the manner in which bindingto reduce hemoglobin(affects oxygen affinity quite complex)

Oxygenated hemoglobin

disease in oxygen levels

DELTA POR UR COP PROTO HEME

Most abundant transitional metal in the body.

water-soluble complex of ferric salt and a protein, apoferri stored in bone marrow

Water insoluble and consists mostly of aggregates of ferric oxyhydroxide core crystals w/ partially or completely degraded protein shell Usually found in various tissue

Protein that transfers iron to normoblasts

Transforming iron to the ferric form to enable its upstake by circulating apotransferrin

Also has ferroxidase activity and is involved as well in the release of iron from the cells.

Master regulatory hormone of systemic iron metabolism

Plasma protein that binds heme

binds hemoglobin; prevents urinary excretion of plasma hemoglobin

ALPHA CHAINS

Beta chains

Primitive hemoglobin Are formed by immature erythrocytes in the yolk sac.

Major Hb in fetus and in newborn infant.

Major normal adult Hb

A stable hemoglobin

Major source of the essential cellular energy

Also known as hexose mono phosphate shunt.

Maintains hemoglobin iron in ferrous state.

Premature infants erythrocytes lifespan: ?

Fetuses erythrocytes lifespan: ???

Happens out of the blood vessels and in the reticular endothelial cells.

Major hemolytic anemia Happens within the blood vessels

Refers to the total production of hemoglobin or red cells

Refers to the production of hemoglobin or rbc that reach the circulation

Refers to production of hemoglobin or rbc that never reach circulation

Diameter less than 6; 5 um seen in iron deficiency anemias

Increased variability im rbc size. Seen in megaloblastic. anemias

Diameter greater than 8.5 um seen in megaloblastic anemias and B12 deficiency

Result of a defect in either nuclear maturation or stimulated erythropoiesis

Associated with a decrease in hemoglobin synthesis

Other name: Thorn cells, spur cells multiple thorny, spike like projections that are irregularly distributed around the cellular membrane and may vary in size.

Other name: Bronze cells Round shape; extremely dense or compact; lack central pallor

Other name: Bulls eye; target cells; Mexican Hat A peripheral rim of Hb w/ dark central, Hb- cointaining area.

Have a slit like opening that resembles a mouth

Rod, cigar, or sausage shape

Pocket-book cell Erythrocytes containing one or more vacuoles that resemble a blister on the skin

Distorted contracted erythrocytes

Helmet cell; blister cell; horned cell Appears like a half moon or spindle

Bite cell Appearance of the rbc is altered w hemoglobin being confined to one side of the cell, although the other side of the cell is transparent

Schizocytes Fragments of erythrocytes that are small and irregularly shape

resembles a pinched bottle, triconcave Rbc w a “ridge”

Burr cells; crenated erythrocytes short, scallod or spike like projection that are regularly distributed around cell membrane

Teardrop cell Used smaller than normal erythrocytes

Sickle cell Resembles a crescent shape and has a pointed projections at one of the terminal ends of rbc

Resembling crenated cells consisting of tiny pits of bubbles indenting the red cells maybe cause by a small amount of water contaminatinh Wright stain

“Washington monument”

Stains dark red and resembles clam shells

Arrangement of erythroicytes in groups that resembles stacks of coin, is usually present in the thick portions of normal blood smears

Presence of normoblast & immature cells of the neutrophilic series in the blood