is the number of its vertices.

Critics of the neo-Malthusian theory who disagrees with Thomas Maltus’s prediction and accused governments of using population control as a substitute for social justice and much-needed reforms such as land distribution, employment creation, provision of mass education and health care, and emancipation.

closed trail with at least one edge and no repeated vertices except that the initial vertex is the terminal vertex.

graph with loops and multiple edges.

What are the cause of poverty?

has two distinct endvertices.

American biologist with his wife wrote ___ which argued that overpopulation in the 1970s and 80s will bring global environment disasters that would in turn lead to food shortage and mass starvation.

has an odd number of edges that intersect the vertex.

length of the longest cycle in the graph.

has an even number of edges that intersect the vertex.

length of simple path from the root to a vertex v

should receive family planning counseling on abortion, the dangers of sexually transmitted diseases, the nature of human sexuality, and the main elements of responsible parenthood.

edge that begins and ends at the same vertex.

walk with no repeated vertices.

pair of vertices joined by an edge.

length of a shortest (simple) cycle in the graph.

graph in which every pair of its vertices is connected by a path; otherwise, the graph is disconnected.

A graph is ____ if and only if the degree of each vertex is even.

is a vertex with 0 in-degree.

A trail or circuit (or cycle) is ____ if it uses all edges precisely once.

is a simple graph that if u and v are vertices in T, there exists a unique simple walk from u to v.

maximum level number

is an edge that begins and ends at the same vertex.

a tree in which a particular vertex is designed as a root.

edge whose removal disconnects the graph.

the study of changes in the number of births, marriages, deaths, etc. in a particular area during a period of time

vertex whose removal disconnects the remaining subgraph.

is a line connecting two vertices called endpoints.

is a set of points called ____ and line segments or curves called ____ that connect vertices.

walk with its initial vertex as also its terminal vertex.

a British scholar who warned that the population growth will inevitably exhaust world food supply by the middle of the 19th century.

A graph that is disconnected two or more pieces.

is the number of edges that intersect the vertex.

is a vertex with 0 out-degree.

is a branch of mathematics created to solve problems involving the most efficient way to travel between different directions.

it can be drawn without any break in the curve and without repeating any edges.

term describing an edge if its joined to a vertex.

alternating sequences of vertices and edges, with each edge being incident to the vertices immediately preceding and succeeding it in the sequence.

walk with its initial vertex different from its terminal vertex.

walk with no repeated edges.

is a graph whose edges have directions.

graph with multiple edges; allowing more than one edge to connect between two vertices; such edges are called multiple edges.

it was developed after _____ solved an eighteenth century problem in solving the seven bridges of _____ in a city now called _____ in a modern Russia.

In a digraph, a pair of edges in which one is directed from vertex a to vertex b and the other is directed from vertex b to vertex a.

A graph that contains an Eulerian trail is ____.

a graph with no cycle.

it associates a value (weight) with every edge in the graph

is connected and an acyclic graph.

number of edges in the sequence defining the walk; thus the length of a path or cycle is also the number of edges in the path or cycle.