a measure of the ability of MAGNETIC CIRCUIT TO PERMIT SETTING UP FLUX

It represents the NUMBER OF PROTONS in the nucleus of an atom. It also determines the place of the element in periodic table

It represents the SUM OF PROTONS AND NEUTRONS in the nucleus of an atom

Orbits where electrons reside

Electrons in the outer shell

Electrons occupying inner shell

Electrons that escaped the valence shell after GAINING enough energy

The quantity of energy needed to discharge an electron from the valence shell

It is the process by which an atom or molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons

Electrically unbalanced atom

Positive ion, it is an atom that loses some of its valance electrons

Negative ion, is an atom that gains some valence electron

The region where the valence shell and valence electrons are occupying

The region where free electrons and said to be present

The energy difference between the valence band and conduction band

A unit of energy equal to the energy gained by an electron in passing from a point of low potential to a point one volt higher in potential

1C =

Any directional movement of electric charges

Electrical force that moves the charge particles such as electrons

Property of material to oppose or limit the flow of current

Value of coulomb's constant

A unit of area, equal to the area of a circle with a diameter of one mil

1MCM = 1kcmil =?

1mil =

At a that is not for T1

Electric charges that are not moving

The size of the force of attraction or repulsion between two charges is DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL to the value of each charge

The size of the force of attraction or repulsion between two charges varies INVERSELY as the square of the distance between two charges

The SPACE AROUND charged bodies in which their influent is felt

the total number of MAGNETIC LINES of force leaving or entering the pole of magnet

1Wb= ?

1 T =?

Magnetism due to electric charges that are MOVING such as the flow of electric current

the PRODUCTION of electric current, potential or voltage due to MAGNETISM

the magnetic force that TENDS TO SETUP magnetic flux

the force is produced due to the applied electric current in the COIL of N TURNS

the energ needed to move a charge AGAINST ELECTRIC FIELD

the property of a device/material to ATTRACT bodies of iron and other magnetic materials

Like poles repel, Unlike poles attract

a magnetic field ALWAYS TENDS to arrange itself so that the GREATEST NUMBER of lines of force are created

are natural material exhibiting PERMANENT MAGNETISM such as lodestone or Magnetite

produce by EXPOSING a magnetic material into magnetizing force.

2 Types of Artificial Magnet

the MMF PER UNIT OF LENGTH at any given point in a magnetic circuit

1 At =

1 A/m =

ability to ACCEPT, ALLOW or SETUP a magnetic field

relative permeability is VERY MUCH greater than 1

VERY STRONG attractive effect

Common Materials : Iron, Nickel, Cobalt, ALNICO, permalloys, Ferrites, Magnetic Oxides

VERY LOW attractive effect

relative permeability is SLIGHTLY greater than 1

Common Materials: Aluminum, Chronium, Manganese, Platinum, and Carbon

VERY LOW "REPELLANT" EFFECT

relative permeability is SLIGHTLY LESS THAN 1

Common Materials: Bismuth, Antimony, Copper, Silver, Gold, Zinc, and Mercury

the OPPOSITION OFFERED in a magnetic circuit to the flow of magnetic flux

the DELAYED REACTION of the magnetization of a ferromagnetic material, with the change of of the magnetizing force

magnetism left AFTER THE REMOVAL of magnetizing force

ability of material to RETAIN magnetism

force required to COUNTER RETENTIVITY and ELIMATE RESIDUAL MAGNETISM

Opposite of RETENTIVITY

the INTENSITY of magnetic field needed to REDUCE magnetization of a ferromagnetic material to ZERO

HEAT PRODUCED due to DISTURBANCES in the alignment of the domains of a FERROMAGNETIC material causing energy to be expended in taking it through a cycle of magnetisation

states that the magnitude of the EMF induced in a circuit is PROPORTIONAL TO THE RATE OF CHANGE of the magnetic flux that cuts across it

EMF is INDUCED WHENEVER a conductor cuts magnetic flux

the magnitude of the induced EMF is PROPORTIONAL to the RELATIVE RATE OF CHANGE of flux

in electromagnetic induction, the current setup by the induced voltage TENDS TO CREATE FLUX whose direction opposes any change in the EXISTING FLUX

the concept whereby a SMALL VOLTAGE is generated by a conductor (PERPENDICULAR/90 degrees) with a current in an EXTERNAL MAGNETIC FIELD

if a normal right hand thread screw is screwed along the conductor in the DIRECTION OF THE CURRENT, the DIRECTION OF ROTATION of the screw is in the DIRECION OF MAGNETIC FIELD

if the coil is GRIPPED with the right hand, with the fingers pointing in the direction of the current, then the thumb outstretched parallel to the axis of the solenoid, points in the direction of the magnetic field inside the solenoid

nucleus are said to be BROKEN INTO SMALLER PARTICLES