crime mapping

91問 • 1年前

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is the most basic management function. It is the manner of thinking about the future, thinking about what we want the future would be, and thinking about what we need to do now to achieve it. Planning is considered as an integrated element of good management and good decision-making without which an organization cannot function efficiently and effectively. - It is defined as a management function concerned with visualizing future situations, making estimates concerning them, identifying the issues, needs and potential danger points, analyzing and evaluating the alternative ways and means for reaching desired goals according to a certain schedule, estimating the necessary funds and resources to do the work and initiating action in time to prepare what may be needed to cope with changing conditions and contingent events. - It is the process of deciding and determining in advance what is to be done and how it is to be done. It involves linking present actions to future conditions.

planning

involves taking the system apart, trying to understand each part, then using this knowledge to understand the whole system.

analytical

considers all the organizational processes together to try to understand how they relate to one another and to the environment in which the system functions.

systemical

is an organize schedule or sequence of things or activities to be done intended to attain goal and objectives for the accomplishments of mission or assignment. It is also defined as a method or way of doing something to provide answer to 5Ws

plan

is a general statement of intention and typically with a time horizon. It is an achievable end state that can be measured and observed.

goal

is a specific commitment to achieve a measurable result within a specific period of time.

objectives

is a broad design, method or plan to attain a stated goal or objective.is a broad design, method or plan to attain a stated goal or objective.

strategy

is a specific design, method, or course of action to attain a particular objective in consonance with strategy.

tactic

is a sequence of activities to reach a point or to attain that which is desired.

procedure

is a product of prudence wisdom in the management of human affairs.

policy

consist of rule of action for the rank and file to show them how they are expected to obtain the desired effect.

guideline

certain resources must be committed or pledged for the purpose of planning.

commitment

more emphasis has to be put on that factor which is scarce or limited in supply or extremely costly.more emphasis has to be put on that factor which is scarce or limited in supply or extremely costly.

limiting factor

problem-solving thought process- past experiences are superimposed on the facts of the present situation and possible future trends.

reflective thingking

prepared that there is sufficient scope for changing it from time to time.

flexibility

must contribute in a positive way towards the achievement of the organizational objectives

Contribution to Organizational Objectives

attain the objectives at the minimum cost and least effort

efficiency

In choosing from alternatives, the best alternative will be that which of a desies most efficiently and effectively to the accomplishment of a desired goal

selection of alternatives

complete agreement among the managers with respect to planning premises over which the structure of plan is to be framed

planning premises

starting and finishing time for each piece of work according to some definite schedule and give practical and concrete shape and form to work performance

Timing and Sequence of Operations

plan must be communicated and explained to subordinates for their full understanding.

securing participation

not restricted to the top level only because it is a function of every manager at every level in the organization.

pervaslveness

It is prepared in the light of what the adversary are intending to do.

strategic planning

creates something new. It is achieved through research and development and planning is required to provide such scope.

innovation

there must be a follow-up system in the planning process itself to allow timely changes in the planning and makes it more effective.

follow up

analysis and interpretation of the future in relation to the activities and working of an organization. - It provides a logical basis for anticipating the shape of the future situations and the requirements to cope up such situations.

forecasting

statements or principles that guide and direct different managers/leaders at various levels in making decisions. - Set forth overall boundaries within which the decision-makers are expected to operate while making decisions.

policies

outline a series of tasks for a specified course of action. It is definite steps in a chronological sequence within the area chalked out by the policies. - Methods by means of which policies are enforced.

procedures

course of action in a particular situation. It prescribe a definite and rigid course of action to be followed in different organizational activities without any scope for deviation or discretion. - It is a part of a procedure.

rules

precise plans of action followed in proper sequence in accordance with the objectives, policies and procedures. - Involve dividing into steps the activities necessary to achieve the objectives, determining the sequence between different steps, fixing up performance responsibility for each step, determining the requirements of resources, time, finance etc. and assigning definite duties to each part.

programs

-estimate of men, money, materials and equipment in numerical terms required for implementation of plans and programs.

budgets

single-use plan which is a part of a general programs. - Special task force is envisaged

projects

devices formulated and adopted from the adversarial standpoint as well as from the point of view of the personnel, clientele, media and superior officers.

strategies

is the systematic and orderly determination of facts and e,vents as a basis for policy formulation and decisions affecting law enforcement management. This includes the allocation of anticipated resources to meet anticipated service demands. - is an attempt by police administrators in trying to allocate anticipated resources to meet anticipated service demands. It is the systematic and orderly determination of facts and events as basis for policy formulation and decision affecting law enforcement management

police planning

is the application of rational design or patterning of activities to be undertaken in a certain event of activity. It is the preparation and development of procedures and techniques in accomplishing of each of the primary tasks and functions of an organization. - It is the act of formulating orderly plan of action to be undertaken by police officers in the performance of police activities and operations which also includes the act of providing

police operational planning

is the basic principle in the planning, organization and management of the PNP in support of the overall pursuit of the PNP Vision, Mission and strategic action plan for the attainment of the National objectives.

fundamentalo

- is the principles and rules governing the planning, organization and direction and employment of the PNP forces in the accomplishment of basic security and public safety operations.

operational

this provides guidance for specialized activities of the PNP in the broad field of interest such as personnel, intelligence operations, logistics, planning, etc.

functional

doctrines formulated jointly by two or more bureaus in order to effect a certain operation with regard to public safety and peace and order.

complimentary

that defines the fundamental principles governing the rules of conduct, attitude, behavior and ethical norm of the PNP.

ethical

- Responsibility of the Legislative branch of the government. The main concern of the police is assisting the legislature in their determining of police guideline through the passage of appropriate laws or ordinances for the police to enforce.

broad external policy planning

Responsibility of the Head of the departments, bureaus or chiefs of the different units or headquarters within the area of jurisdiction to achieve the objectives or mission of the organization

internal broad planning

relates to plans which are strategic or long-range in application and it determines the organization's original goals and strategies. This type of planning is long-term in nature with a timeline of more than five years in duration.relates to plans which are strategic or long-range in application and it determines the organization's original goals and strategies. This type of planning is long-term in nature with a timeline of more than five years in duration.

Strategic or long-range plan

relates to plans which determine the quantity and quality of efforts and accomplishments. It refers to the process of determining the contribution of efforts that can make or provide allocated resources. It has a timeline of between one to three years.

Intermediate or medium-range plan

it is a plan which determines the schedule of special activities and is applicable for one week or less than a year. It addresses specific immediate needs and shows how it can be accomplished on time with available allocated resources. With short-term duration of less than one year.

Operational or short-range plan

Those broad internal plans prepared by the national headquarters.

national

-Plans that are devised by the Regional Offices.

regionall

Plans devised by the city or municipal stations.

local

describe how a jurisdiction wants to meet its emergency management or homeland security responsibilities over the long term. It is driven by policy from senior officials and establishes planning priorities.

strategic

provide a description of roles and responsibilities, tasks, integration, and actions required of a jurisdiction or its departments and agencies during emergencies. It is used to provide the goals, roles, and responsibilities that are assigned, and to focus on coordinating and integrating the activities of the many response and support organizations.

operational

Focus on managing personnel, equipment, and resources that play a direct role in an incident response. Pre-incident tactical planning, based upon existing operational plans, provides the opportunity to pre-identify personnel, equipment, exercise, and training requirements.on managing personnel, equipment, and resources that play a direct role in an incident response. Pre-incident tactical planning, based upon existing operational plans, provides the opportunity to pre-identify personnel, equipment, exercise, and training requirements.

tactical

consists of matters reviewed relating to situations in which plan will be developed by the organization concerned.

frame of reference

is the act of identifying and understanding the problem based on existing situation for which the plan is intended.

clarifying the problems

It is the gathering of pertinent information and issues concerning the plan to be developed in the order to address the problems identified.

collecting all pertinent facts

It involves the evaluation of facts collected in relation to the issues for which the plan is intended.

analyzing the facts

This step focuses on the careful selection of the best alternative plan proposal with consideration of all facts collected regarding the problems identified.

Selecting the Most Appropriate Alternatives

This seventh step of planning is the method of testing the plan to determine whether such a plan is acceptable or not.

selling the plan

is the comparison of actual impact against the plan implemented to determine the effectiveness of the plan.

evaluating the effectiveness of the plans

it is the rational comprehensive approach and tradition in planning. It is also the point of departure for most other planning approaches. This model is especially appropriate for police agencies as it is based on a problem-oriented approach to planning that relies heavily on the problem identification and analysis of the planning process and can assist police administrators in formulating goals and priorities in terms that are focused on specific problems and solutions that often confront law enforcement.

Synoptic Planning or Rational Comprehensive Approach

it concludes that long range and comprehensive planning are not only too difficult, but inherently bad. The problems are seen as too difficult when they are grouped together and easier to solve when they are taken one at a time and broken down into gradual adjustment over time.

incremental

is not carried out with respect to an anonymous target community of beneficiaries but in face-to-face interaction with the people who are to be affected by the plan. Techniques include field surveys and interpersonal dialogue marked by a process of mutual learning.

transactive

beneficial aspect of this approach includes a greater sensitivity to the unintended and negative side effects of the plan.

advocacy

the first mainstream involves collective actions to achieve concrete results in the immediate future. The second mainstream is critical of large-scale process and how to permeate the character of social and economic life of all levels, which in turn, determine the structure and evolution of social problems.

radical

is sometimes called Traditional Planning. It identifies a rational step-by-step process that can be used to develop all types of plans.

systematic

in which planners and managers look for problems in the department, including the performance of individual officers.

scanning is a process

Once a problem has been identified, additional data about the problem are gathered and analyzed. In addition, information can be obtained from victims or complainants, personal observations, discussions with other officers, interviews

analysis

- may involve other government agencies, private organizations and businesses or private individuals. The response can focus on the offender, the victim, the environment or all three.

response

Discovering the impact of the response is the evaluation phase of the SARA process. Were the goals and objectives achieved? What went right and what went wrong? What were the reactions of the citizens and the officers involved?

assessment

are developed as a result of a crisis. A particular problem may occur for which the department has no plan and must quickly develop one, sometimes without careful preparation.

reactive

are developed in anticipation of problems. Though not all police problems are predictable, many are and it is possible for a police department to prepare responses in advance.are developed in anticipation of problems.

proactive

are essential statements that identify the role of the police in the community and a future condition to which the department can aspire. A vision may also include a statement of values to be used to guide the decision-making process in the department.

vissionary

are designed to meet the long-range, overall goals of the organization. Such plans allow the department to adapt to anticipated changes or develop a new philosophy or model of policing. One of its most important aspects is to focus on external environmental factors that affect the goals and objectives of the department and how they will be achieved. Important environmental factors include personnel needs, population trends, technological innovations, business trends and demands, crime problems and community attitudes.

strategic

are designed to meet the specific tasks required to implement strategic plans. They are the work programs of the line units (patrol, investigation and traffic) as established by an analysis of the need for services. Its purpose is to provide for the coordination of several persons, activities or process to achieve a particular desired outcome.

operational

provide the basic framework for responding to organizational problems. The organizational vision and values, strategic statements, policies, procedures and rules and regulations are examples.

standing

include the framework for the operation of the major functional units in the organization, such as patrol and investigation. Functional plans also include the design of the structure, how different functions and units are to relate and coordinate activities, and how resources are to be allocated

functional

the operating divisions/units shall have specific plans to meet current needs. The manpower shall be distributed throughout the hours of preparation and throughout the area of jurisdiction in proportion to need. It includes assignment schedule and such factors as relief days, lunch periods, and rest hours, nature and location of regular work.

regular operating programs

the unusual need may arise in any field of police activity and is nearly always met in the detective, vice and juvenile divisions by temporary adjustment of regular assignments. For example, a sudden upsurge of robberies may result in case load beyond the capacity of the detective with less workload.

meeting the unusual needs

include formulation of the department's mission statement, goals, and policies; the structuring of functions, authority and responsibilities; the allocation of resources; personnel management; and other concerns whose character is that they are prevalent throughout the entire agency.

management or administration plan

are issued to cover standing or long term situations.

general orders

are issued to cover unique nonrecurring event which lasts for only a limited and specified period of time. It could also contain announcement of promotions, transfers, designations and other such actions.

special orders

are ordinarily included as part of a police department's written directive system, a copy of which is assigned to every officer and is updated periodically. It is an orderly or systematic outline of procedures to guide members in routine and field operations and in some special operations in accordance with the following procedures:

procedural

are used in all situations as guide to officers and men in the field. Examples are those related to reporting, raids, arrest, search and seizure, stopping suspicious persons, patrol, investigation of crimes and the like.

field

include the procedures such as the duties of the dispatcher, jailer, desk officer and other concerned personnel as reflected in the duty detail. Procedures that involve coordinated action on activity of several offices, however, shall be established separately as in the case of using telephone for local or long-distance

headquarters

are prepared for special units charged with performing special police operations like searching and preservation of crime scenes, hostage takers, bombers and the like.

special operating

involve planning for emergencies of a specific nature at known locations. Included in this category are plans for dealing with attacks against government, military or police offices by lawless elements. These are plans intended to deal with possible jail break, demonstrations, special community events like athletic competitions, parades, religious activities, and the like.

tactical

are plans made to organize the community to assist in the accomplishment of objectives in the fields of crime prevention, traffic control and juvenile delinquency prevention. Community organizations shall assist in coordinating community effort, promoting public support and combating crimes.

extra office

A police agencies responsibility is much broader than those of most governmental units. To some degrees, the police must be prepared for almost everything that might happen to endanger the lives of citizens and destruction of properties.

contingency

The most important plan for any organization, including police agency, are those that specify a course of action. That if successfully accomplished will contribute in an important way of carrying out the organizations basic purpose and functions. Programmatic plan can be designed to do the current level of accomplishment in futilling the agency's basic functions nothing more than to maintain the status quo,.

programmatic

involves the introduction of a single, specific change in an organization over a limited period. Once the project has been introduced and the project ends, a new situation may exist that will continue indefinitely thereafter.

project

designed to meet a specific need, through a specific course of action with the desired results, and a program Should be designed for a specific period.

program

plan to address the financial or budget needed by the organization. It is an estimate of the financial costs of successfully managing the police department. It serves as a guide for the expenditure of funds and identifies the monetary constraints for the manager. It includes not only the available funds but also the procedures for spending the money and the methods for auditing - Estimated present and future money

fiscal/budget plan

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問題一覧

planning

involves taking the system apart, trying to understand each part, then using this knowledge to understand the whole system.

analytical

considers all the organizational processes together to try to understand how they relate to one another and to the environment in which the system functions.

systemical

plan

is a general statement of intention and typically with a time horizon. It is an achievable end state that can be measured and observed.

goal

is a specific commitment to achieve a measurable result within a specific period of time.

objectives

is a broad design, method or plan to attain a stated goal or objective.is a broad design, method or plan to attain a stated goal or objective.

strategy

is a specific design, method, or course of action to attain a particular objective in consonance with strategy.

tactic

is a sequence of activities to reach a point or to attain that which is desired.

procedure

is a product of prudence wisdom in the management of human affairs.

policy

consist of rule of action for the rank and file to show them how they are expected to obtain the desired effect.

guideline

certain resources must be committed or pledged for the purpose of planning.

commitment

limiting factor

problem-solving thought process- past experiences are superimposed on the facts of the present situation and possible future trends.

reflective thingking

prepared that there is sufficient scope for changing it from time to time.

flexibility

must contribute in a positive way towards the achievement of the organizational objectives

Contribution to Organizational Objectives

attain the objectives at the minimum cost and least effort

efficiency

In choosing from alternatives, the best alternative will be that which of a desies most efficiently and effectively to the accomplishment of a desired goal

selection of alternatives

complete agreement among the managers with respect to planning premises over which the structure of plan is to be framed

planning premises

starting and finishing time for each piece of work according to some definite schedule and give practical and concrete shape and form to work performance

Timing and Sequence of Operations

plan must be communicated and explained to subordinates for their full understanding.

securing participation

not restricted to the top level only because it is a function of every manager at every level in the organization.

pervaslveness

It is prepared in the light of what the adversary are intending to do.

strategic planning

creates something new. It is achieved through research and development and planning is required to provide such scope.

innovation

there must be a follow-up system in the planning process itself to allow timely changes in the planning and makes it more effective.

follow up

forecasting

policies

procedures

rules

programs

-estimate of men, money, materials and equipment in numerical terms required for implementation of plans and programs.

budgets

single-use plan which is a part of a general programs. - Special task force is envisaged

projects

devices formulated and adopted from the adversarial standpoint as well as from the point of view of the personnel, clientele, media and superior officers.

strategies

police planning

police operational planning

fundamentalo

- is the principles and rules governing the planning, organization and direction and employment of the PNP forces in the accomplishment of basic security and public safety operations.

operational

this provides guidance for specialized activities of the PNP in the broad field of interest such as personnel, intelligence operations, logistics, planning, etc.

functional

doctrines formulated jointly by two or more bureaus in order to effect a certain operation with regard to public safety and peace and order.

complimentary

that defines the fundamental principles governing the rules of conduct, attitude, behavior and ethical norm of the PNP.

ethical

broad external policy planning

Responsibility of the Head of the departments, bureaus or chiefs of the different units or headquarters within the area of jurisdiction to achieve the objectives or mission of the organization

internal broad planning

Strategic or long-range plan

Intermediate or medium-range plan

Operational or short-range plan

Those broad internal plans prepared by the national headquarters.

national

-Plans that are devised by the Regional Offices.

regionall

Plans devised by the city or municipal stations.

local

strategic

operational

tactical

consists of matters reviewed relating to situations in which plan will be developed by the organization concerned.

frame of reference

is the act of identifying and understanding the problem based on existing situation for which the plan is intended.

clarifying the problems

It is the gathering of pertinent information and issues concerning the plan to be developed in the order to address the problems identified.

collecting all pertinent facts

It involves the evaluation of facts collected in relation to the issues for which the plan is intended.

analyzing the facts

This step focuses on the careful selection of the best alternative plan proposal with consideration of all facts collected regarding the problems identified.

Selecting the Most Appropriate Alternatives

This seventh step of planning is the method of testing the plan to determine whether such a plan is acceptable or not.

selling the plan

is the comparison of actual impact against the plan implemented to determine the effectiveness of the plan.

evaluating the effectiveness of the plans

Synoptic Planning or Rational Comprehensive Approach

incremental

transactive

beneficial aspect of this approach includes a greater sensitivity to the unintended and negative side effects of the plan.

advocacy

radical

is sometimes called Traditional Planning. It identifies a rational step-by-step process that can be used to develop all types of plans.

systematic

in which planners and managers look for problems in the department, including the performance of individual officers.

scanning is a process

analysis

- may involve other government agencies, private organizations and businesses or private individuals. The response can focus on the offender, the victim, the environment or all three.

response

assessment

are developed as a result of a crisis. A particular problem may occur for which the department has no plan and must quickly develop one, sometimes without careful preparation.

reactive

proactive

vissionary

strategic

operational

provide the basic framework for responding to organizational problems. The organizational vision and values, strategic statements, policies, procedures and rules and regulations are examples.

standing

functional

regular operating programs

meeting the unusual needs

management or administration plan

are issued to cover standing or long term situations.

general orders

special orders

procedural

field

headquarters

are prepared for special units charged with performing special police operations like searching and preservation of crime scenes, hostage takers, bombers and the like.

special operating

tactical

extra office

contingency

programmatic

project

designed to meet a specific need, through a specific course of action with the desired results, and a program Should be designed for a specific period.

program

fiscal/budget plan