問題一覧
1
process of bringin out of discontinuities through blotting action
development of penetrant
2
works through detergent and surfactant. removes 60 to 80 surface layer.method D
hydropholic reaction
3
Type of shrinkage defect, it has the appearance of a gas pore
crater crack
4
Penetrant testing is not suitable for
Porous or absorbent materilas
5
Excess of metal castings called what?
Fins
6
aqueous suspension sensitivity?
120-200
7
Non relevant indications are caused by whats?
Surface irregularities, Test object configuration
8
Application form that is applied by air suspension, electrostatic spraying, dipping
Form A Dry powerder
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Solvent cleaning method
Immersion, Brush, Wiped, Spray
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methods of drying
wiping with lint free cloth evaporation at ambient evaporation at elevated force air circulation conbination
11
most sensitive type of developer
non aqueous wet developer
12
Method A in removal of penetrant
water washable
13
material with the ability to convert one wave length to another
fluorescent
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Accomplished by the use of immersion tanks and or detergent solution
Detergent cleaning
15
Excessive penetration resulting in a hole in the root run
Burnthroug
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Lipophylic remover process
apply penetrant,apply emulsifier,diffusion begins,diffusion complete ,rinsing with water
17
6 steps in penetrant testing
surface preparation, penetrant application, removal of excess penetrant, application of developer, inspection, post cleaning
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why pre cleaning is important
liquid penetrant test will be ineffective, harmful effect on test object
19
thickness and coating white color and work with visible eye
form c aqueous suspension
20
Round or dot indications are cause by?
Porosity, Pinhole, Coarse grain structure
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Ability to wet surface is measured by what?
contact angle
22
Prohibited in lipophiloc emulsification
brush or spray not permitted, agitation
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Interuption in the normal structure
Discontinuity
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intended with use of spray only
non aqueous wet developer
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high wetting ability contact angle
less than 90
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Type of cleaning method that does not require rinse or drying step
Vapor degreasin
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Pentrant is more viscous at this temp,sluggish,longer contact
low temp
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tendency of substance to evaporate
volatility
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property of aqueous solution that able to mxied
Solution
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fluorescent and electromagnetic spectrum emit at what range?
500 600 visible
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List of casting defects
non metallic inclusions, shrinkage, dendritic shrinkage, filamentary shrinkage, microshrinkage
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Time allowed for the penetrant to be on the surface
Dwell time
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what type of defect welding is this
Toe overlap
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Penetrant ability to change rapidly
Volatility
35
Degree of bleed out for continuos line indication depends on?
width and depth of indication, Penetrant and developer dwell time
36
fluorescne dye kit?
uv lamp, solvent cleaner, penetrant remover, fluorescent penetrant, brush, lint free cloth, hood to darken area for viewing
37
Penetrant system classification?
Type of penetrant, Penetrant sensitivity level, Method of penetrant removal, Type of developer
38
Dry developer dwell time
10 mins to 4 hrs
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testing station are dependent on the following factors
type of penetrant, processing requirement, size of test object, quantity of test production
40
Physcial surface preparation is used to remove what?
scale, slag, corrosion products, carbon
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what is developer action
capillarity,light scattering,solvent action
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Type of welding defect by shape
longitudinal, transverse, branched
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what are the Visible dye kit?
solvent cleaner, penetrant remover, visible penetrant, brush, non aqueous wet developer, lint free wiping cloth, light meter
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Most important steps in penetrant testing
pre cleaning
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aqueous solution sensitivity?
110-150
46
Relevant indication are caused by what?
disconuities on the surface of a test object
47
wet developer begins as soon as the developer is what?
dry
48
At this temp, penetrant may evaporate , dries or flash
high temp
49
Emulsification process which is applied by immersion or brush
Hydrophilic
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typical development dwell time?
10 mins
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Supplied as a dry concentrate and must be mixed and maintened at proper ratio
Water suspendible developer
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What are the three genera categories of discontinuity
Inherent, processing, service
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Intermittent line indication cause by what? similar as continuos line
Previous processing step, Partially subsurface
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type of welding defect by position
haz, center line, crater, fusion zone, parent metal
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UV light unit of measure
microns W / cm2
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use to measure specific gravity
hydrometer
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intermediate stage of penetrant removal
drying
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Non aqueous liquid are applied by what?
aerosol spray can
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non aqueous sensitivity range
120-240
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water washable spraying distance?
6 to 24
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a developer wich powder is dissolve in water forming a solition once moxed they remain mixed
water soluble developer
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penetrant pulled out from the defect by the developer forms what?
indication of defect
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what is the function of developer
Extract penetrant, make the discontinuity visible, increase contrast
64
developers increase with visibility with used of what
visible white light or fluorescene
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Select contour defect
Incomplete filled groove, Poor cap profile, lack of sidewall fusion, excessive cap height
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UV A source
Mercury Vapour arc lamp
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Step like appearance that occur in haz or parent metal.Associated with restrained joints subjected through thickness stresses on corners, tees ,fillet. Requires high sulfur or non metallic inclusion
Lamellar tearing
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penetrant drawn back out of the defect by what action
revesed capillary action
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development of indication does not begin until moisture is completely evaporated
Aqueous (Form B and C)
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fluorescent and electromagnetic spectrum absorbs at what range
300-400 uv
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Imperpection at toe or root causing metal flowing on to the surface of the parent metal without fusing it
Overlap
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dry and non aqueous developer begins dwell time at what?
application
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Uv light intensity at the test surface for fluorescent penetrant?
1000 uw/ cm2
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Ability to remove penetrant
Solvent ability
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Temperature at which liquid wil emit enough vapor, which will flash with small flame
flash point
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list hydropholic process?
Apply penetrant, Wash with water, Apply detergent, Agitate and mixed, Rinse, Clean surface
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a developer that has no vapor or dust but difficult to apply. required drying aplication
aqueous developer
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usable with fluorecent or colour contrast
non aqueous developer
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Part of mould stuck to the casting
Scabs
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light lux for colour contrast
1000 lux
81
False indication are caused by
Improper technique, Lack of cleanliness, Contamination of wet or dry developer
82
Sample of root defects
Incomplete root fusion, Incomplete roof penetration, concave root, excessive root penetration
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Two streams of liquid metal meet and fail to unite
Cold shuts
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Classification of relevant indication
Continious line indications, Intermittent line indications, Round or dot indication
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Ability of penetrant to hold sufficient dye in solution at ambient or high temp
Solubility
86
Irregular groove at the toe of weld run in the parent metal
undercut
87
max light lux for fluorescent penetrant
20 lux
88
Materials used in penetrant
Penetrant, Emulsifier, Solven removers or cleaner, Developer
89
dry powder sensitivity?
100-140%
90
Particles are held in suspension in water and require continious agitation
water suspendible developer
91
emulsification time for liphophilic
3 mins
92
UV A ,B,c in order range
300-400, 200-300, 100-200
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aqueous developer that are not mixed
suspensions
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use to measure concentration of hydrophilic emulsifier
refractometer
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other term for crater crack
star crack
96
fluffy powder that is applied to dry test. Adaptive to rough surface Easiest to remove
Dry developer
97
Water washable developer dwell time
10 mins to 2H