This are stimulated by energy sources (light, sound, or heat) or materials (air-borne chemicals, acid on skin, salt on tongue) in the outside environment.

This processes information acquired from the sensory systems.

This are consciously controlled to modify the environment and acquire information.

This act in various ways to keep the other systems functioning.

It consists of two principal systems of levers, the arms and legs, which are flexibly connected to the central body structure consisting of the skull, spine, rib cage, and pelvis.

The human skeleton consists of two principal systems of levers

How many bones does human skeleton contains?

Bones in the ______ are structure like pipes, with closed ends near the joints.

Muscles are attached to the bones by ____?

It is normally present at the spot where the tendon attaches.

It occur at the locations where bones come together, or articulate.

It tend to be complex structures, made from many different materials besides bone.

Within a joint, it hold the bones together.

Most ligaments and tendons are made from ______?

The contact surfaces of bones in a joint are normally covered with a thin, smooth, and very slippery layer of collagen fibers.

It act as a shock absorber and also helps minimize friction forces.

Two important types of joints found in the human body.

It make up most of the articulating joints of the upper and lower extremities.

This are found principally in the spine

Joints at the ends of the fingers, knee joints, and elbow joints are known as.

It have inelastic ligaments stretching down each side that prevent sideways movements.

It allow two-dimensional movement at articulations in the wrists and ankles.

It found at the base of the thumb also allows two-dimensional movement.

It is the joint at the base of the thumb where the carpal bones articulates with the metacarpal bones within the hand.

These are examples of spherical joints similar to trailer hitches.

It is a large ball and socket joint that is deep within the pelvis, it can carry heavy loads over a small range of movement.

It is smaller and not nearly as deep within the shoulder bone, so it cannot take as great a load, although it has a greater range of movement than the hip joint.

These are joints where a protrusion from one bone fits into a recess of another.

The forearm has two bones which connect the elbow to the carpal bones of the wrist.

The range of movement allowed by particular joints can be measured using _______ that are strapped to the outside of the human body at the location of the studied joint.

Those are very well engineered and work beautifully as long as they are not subjected to stresses beyond their design limits.

It occurs when ligaments are torn or stretched beyond their limits.

This disorder occurs when ligaments are stretched to the point that they no longer hold the lower part of the ulna bone in place, resulting in permanent disability.

This disorder involves inflammation of the tendon sheaths at the base of the thumb.

This syndrome is painful and can severely restrict movement of the thumb.

It is a related disorder due to overuse of the finger used in shooting guns, first observed among soldiers who fired rifles on the rifle range for many hours of the day.

It is a disorder resulting from compression of nerves and blood vessels beneath the collarbone, which can cause the arms to become numb and interfere with movement.

It involves both the hand and the wrist.

It is one of the most common of the cumulative trauma disorders.

People who has this disorder often feel numbness or tingling in their hands, usually at night.

It is caused by swelling and irritation of the synovial membranes around the tendons in the carpal tunnel, and that swelling puts pressure on the median nerve.

It is adjacent to the carpal tunnel away from the thumb side, and provides a conduit for the ulnar nerve and artery.

That tunnel is formed by the u-shaped carpal bones at the base of the back of the hand and the transverse carpal ligaments forming the opposite side below the palm of the hand.