A loss of cohesion between individual keratinocytes

Increased thickness of the stratum spinosum(hyperplasia)

Individual programmed cell death

Intracellular edema -> viral infection일 때 자주 나타남(pox, herpes)

Slit like spaces within the epidermis or at the dermoepidermal junction

Dermal deposition of amorphous eosinophilic material on collagen fibers with an infiltrate of eosinophils

Surface exudate that contains keratin, serum, cellular debris, and often microorganism

Dilated lymphatics, perivascular edema, interstitial edema -> inflammation

Fibroplasia

Premature or abnormal keratinization of individual keratinocytes

Faulty or abnormal development of the epidermis, hair follicles, or any component of the skin(non neoplastic but 종양으로 진행가능)

Hyperglucocorticism, senile change in dogs, especially in Poodles

The migration of inflammatory cells and/or erythrocytes through the intercellular space

The deposition of amorphous eosinophilic material resembling fibrin in the walls of blood vessels

The formation and development of fibrous tissue

Inflammation of the hiar follicle(mural, luminal, peri)

Inflammation of the hair follicle that has resulted in destruction of the follicular epithelium and release of the luminal contents into the dermis, causing dermal inflammation

A zone of relatively normal collagen that separates the epidermis from an underlying dermal alteration

A tumor like malformation composed of and abnormal mixture of normal tissue elements or an abnormal proportion of a single element

Focal, circular, concentric layers of squamous cells showing gradual keratinization toward the center

Increased thickness of the stratum granulosum

Increased melanin within the epidermis

Hydropic degeneration, vacuolar degeneration

Accumulation of dermal ground substance(normal feature of the Chines Shar-Pei dog)

Inflammation of subcutaneous fat

Projection of dermal papillae and epidermis above the surface of the skin

The presence of melanin granules free within the subepidermal dermis and within dermal macrophages(melanophage)

The end point of fibrosis(increased number of collagen fibers)

Widening of the intercellular spaces with accentuation of the intercellular bridges

Flat, Circumscribed lesion of altered skin color(<1cm)

Flat, Circumscribed lesion of altered skin color(>1cm)

Small, Circumscribed, Solid elevation of skin(<1cm)

A flat topped, Solid elevation in the skin that occupied a relatively large surface area in comparison with its height(>1cm)

Small, Circumscribed accumulation of pus within the epidermis

Small blister within the epidermis or at or below the dermal-epidermal junction(<1cm)

Large vesicular lesion(>1cm)

Smooth, Circumscribed, Slightly elevated area on skin caused by dermal edema

A small lump, Swelling or collection of tissue

Any closed cavity or sac that is lined by epithelium often contain liquid or semi solid material. Located in dermis or subcutis

Peripheral expanding ring of scaling

A thin, platelike accumulation of keratin on surface of skin

Material formed by drying of exudate or secretion on the skin surface

Plug of keratin and dried sebum in a hair follicle

Superficial loss of epithelium due to physical trauma(scratching, abrasion)

Secondary to vesicle or pustule rupture or secondary to suface trauma

Thickening of skin / Chronic dermatitis

A mark remaining after the healing of a wound

Laminated orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis / follicular hyperkeratosis

Decreased thickness of the nucleated layers

Surface exudate that contains keratin, serum, cellular debris, an other microorganism

Intercellular edema

The presence of melanin granules free within the subepidermal dermis and within dermal melanophages

intercellular edema

inflammation of subcutaneous fat

proliferation of fibroblasts parellel to epithelium

dog breed which is prominent of mucinosis

Elevation and proliferation of both squamous epithelium and dermal fibroblasts

Intracellular edema caused by viral infection usually limited to superficial layer

Intracellular edema occuring usually at basal layer

Special staining used for mucin observation

Flat pigmentation on the skin with size of <1cm

Loss of cohesion between individual prickle cells that can result in clefts, vescicles, pustules

When can dystophic mineralization occur, at 'hyperadrenocorticism' or 'hypoadrenocorticism'

Accumulation of melanin due to increased activity of melanocytes

Basophilic granular deposits of the calcium on collaen bundles

congenital generalized scaling with fish like appearance, prominent in stratum corneum

Anal glands are special type of ( ) gland

perianal glands are modified ( ) glands

damage to epidermis with intact basement membrane and dermis

damage to epidermis that penetrates basement membrane and dermis

vescicles filled with neutrophils or eosinophils

closed cavitiy or sac that is lined by epithelium