Widening of the intercellular spaces with accentuation of the intercellular bridges

When can dystophic mineralization occur, at 'hyperadrenocorticism' or 'hypoadrenocorticism'

Accumulation of melanin due to increased activity of melanocytes

Intercellular edema

Inflammation of subcutaneous fat

Flat, Circumscribed lesion of altered skin color(<1cm)

Faulty or abnormal development of the epidermis, hair follicles, or any component of the skin(non neoplastic but 종양으로 진행가능)

Plug of keratin and dried sebum in a hair follicle

The presence of melanin granules free within the subepidermal dermis and within dermal melanophages

Anal glands are special type of ( ) gland

Loss of cohesion between individual prickle cells that can result in clefts, vescicles, pustules

Small, Circumscribed accumulation of pus within the epidermis

The end point of fibrosis(increased number of collagen fibers)

perianal glands are modified ( ) glands

Focal, circular, concentric layers of squamous cells showing gradual keratinization toward the center

dog breed which is prominent of mucinosis

Increased thickness of the stratum spinosum(hyperplasia)

Accumulation of dermal ground substance(normal feature of the Chines Shar-Pei dog)

Increased thickness of the stratum granulosum

A loss of cohesion between individual keratinocytes

Small blister within the epidermis or at or below the dermal-epidermal junction(<1cm)

Inflammation of the hiar follicle(mural, luminal, peri)

The presence of melanin granules free within the subepidermal dermis and within dermal macrophages(melanophage)

Basophilic granular deposits of the calcium on collaen bundles

Intracellular edema caused by viral infection usually limited to superficial layer

A small lump, Swelling or collection of tissue

Laminated orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis / follicular hyperkeratosis

Intracellular edema occuring usually at basal layer

The formation and development of fibrous tissue

Flat, Circumscribed lesion of altered skin color(>1cm)

intercellular edema

Dilated lymphatics, perivascular edema, interstitial edema -> inflammation

Special staining used for mucin observation

vescicles filled with neutrophils or eosinophils

A thin, platelike accumulation of keratin on surface of skin

The migration of inflammatory cells and/or erythrocytes through the intercellular space

damage to epidermis that penetrates basement membrane and dermis

Elevation and proliferation of both squamous epithelium and dermal fibroblasts

inflammation of subcutaneous fat

Any closed cavity or sac that is lined by epithelium often contain liquid or semi solid material. Located in dermis or subcutis

Large vesicular lesion(>1cm)

Secondary to vesicle or pustule rupture or secondary to suface trauma

A flat topped, Solid elevation in the skin that occupied a relatively large surface area in comparison with its height(>1cm)

Smooth, Circumscribed, Slightly elevated area on skin caused by dermal edema

A zone of relatively normal collagen that separates the epidermis from an underlying dermal alteration

Fibroplasia

closed cavitiy or sac that is lined by epithelium

Surface exudate that contains keratin, serum, cellular debris, an other microorganism

Individual programmed cell death

The deposition of amorphous eosinophilic material resembling fibrin in the walls of blood vessels

Flat pigmentation on the skin with size of <1cm

A tumor like malformation composed of and abnormal mixture of normal tissue elements or an abnormal proportion of a single element

Dermal deposition of amorphous eosinophilic material on collagen fibers with an infiltrate of eosinophils

Projection of dermal papillae and epidermis above the surface of the skin

Hyperglucocorticism, senile change in dogs, especially in Poodles

Intracellular edema -> viral infection일 때 자주 나타남(pox, herpes)

Decreased thickness of the nucleated layers

Hydropic degeneration, vacuolar degeneration

Premature or abnormal keratinization of individual keratinocytes

Material formed by drying of exudate or secretion on the skin surface

Small, Circumscribed, Solid elevation of skin(<1cm)

Surface exudate that contains keratin, serum, cellular debris, and often microorganism

Slit like spaces within the epidermis or at the dermoepidermal junction

proliferation of fibroblasts parellel to epithelium

Thickening of skin / Chronic dermatitis

Superficial loss of epithelium due to physical trauma(scratching, abrasion)

A mark remaining after the healing of a wound

Inflammation of the hair follicle that has resulted in destruction of the follicular epithelium and release of the luminal contents into the dermis, causing dermal inflammation

damage to epidermis with intact basement membrane and dermis

Peripheral expanding ring of scaling

Increased melanin within the epidermis

congenital generalized scaling with fish like appearance, prominent in stratum corneum