記憶度
4問
13問
0問
0問
0問
アカウント登録して、解答結果を保存しよう
問題一覧
1
a method where organisms are categorized based on shared derived characteristics that can be traced to a group’s most recent commin ancestor and are not present in more distant ancestors
Cladistics
2
5 kingdom scheme by R.H Whittaker in 1969
Monera Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia
3
the aim of _ was to “construct classifications of organisms.”
Traditional systematics
4
“reconstructing evolutionary tree of life.” this research area is called
Phylogenetics
5
2 major components of systematics
Taxonomy
6
what are the 5 uses of Taxonomy
provides scientific names for organisms
7
Investigates the organism’s evolutionary histories with consideration of their environmental adaptations
Phylogeny
8
a tree-shaped diagram (dendogram) that is interpreted to represent the best hypothesis of phylogenetic relationships
Cladogram
9
the two commonly used in phylogenetic analysis
Genetic sequencing data
10
Parts of a phylogenetic tree
Root Branch Node Clade Taxon
11
one of the attributes or features that make up and distinguish an individual
Characters
12
particular version of a character
character state
13
ancestral characteristic
Plesiomorphy
14
ancestral characteristic
Plesiomorphy
15
an ancestral characteristic or trait state shared by two or more taxa but not to all descendants of the ancestor
Symplesiomorphy
16
a novel evolutionary trait that is unique to a particular species and all its descendants
Apomorphy
17
self-derived characteristic
Autapomorphy
18
shared-derived characteristic
Synapomorphy
19
characters in different organisms that are similar because they were inherited from a common ancestor that also had that character
Homologous characters
20
shared by two or more organisms but is absent from their common ancestor in the lineage leading to one of the organisms inferred to have evolved by convergence or reversal
Homoplasious character
21
are result of convergent evolution
Analogies
22
unresolved pattern of divergence
Polytomy
23
a group of organisms descended from a common evolutionary ancestor or ancestral group, especially one not shared with any other group
Monophyletic group
24
which is a group of species that includes an ancestral species and all its descendants
Clade
25
a group of organisms that have characters derived from more than one evolutionary ancestor or ancestral group and therefore not suitable foe placing in the same taxon
Polyphyletic group
26
a group of organisms descended from a common evolutionary ancestor or ancestral group but not including all the descendants group
Paraphyletic group
27
basis of cladistics
Synapomorphies
28
three basic assumptions in cladistics
Related by descent Bifurcating pattern change
29
How to construct cladogram
choose the taxa, determine the characters, determine the polarity of characters, group taxa by synapomorphies, build your cladogram
30
are the taxonomic attributes that can be used to provide the evidence from which relation(the phylogeny) between taxa are inferred
Taxonomic characters
31
what are the taxonomic characters
Morpohological characters, Behavioral Characters, Ecological Characters, Physiological characters, Geographical characters, molecular characters