問題一覧
1
What is the vertical axis of a graph called?
y-axis
2
What is the name of the horizontal axis of a graph?
x-axis
3
How are scores on the ultrasound board exams related to study time?
directly
4
How are calorie intake and weight related?
directly
5
How is weight related to a sonographers time spent exercising?
inversely
6
What is the reciprocal of 1,000?
0.001
7
What is the reciprocal of 5?
1/5
8
What is the reciprocal of 1/10?
10
9
A sack contains 6 pounds of flour. The contents of the bag are increased by a factor of 5. How much flour is in the bag?
30 pounds
10
A bouquet has 30 flowers. The size of the bouquet is decreased by a factor of 3. How many flowers remain?
10
11
Which of following is not a measure of area?
cubic meters
12
A sonographer measures the perimeter of an anatomical structure. Which of the following choices is a reasonable value of the measurement?
15mm
13
What are the units associated with the circumference of a circle?
mm
14
The volume of a cystic structure is estimated from sonographic data. Which of the following is an acceptable measurement of the volume?
6 cm3
15
The speed of red blood cells traveling through a blood vessel is 750 cm/sec. You are asked to measure the speed in miles per hour. What information would be sufficient for you to complete your task?
how many seconds per hour and the number of miles in a centimeter
16
How much bigger is one billion than one thousand?
1,000,000 times
17
Select the sequence that appears in increasing order
centi, deci, deca, hecto
18
How many nanoseconds are in 7 seconds?
7,000,000,000
19
The letters below represent the abbreviations for the prefixes of the metric system. Select the sequence that appears in decreasing order
m, k, da, d, c
20
Which term is the reciprocal of mega
micro
21
How can the volume of an irregular shaped object be measured most accurately?
by immersing it in water
22
What term is used to describe the effects of an ultrasound wave on living tissues
biological effects
23
As sound travels through a medium, what term describes the effects of the medium on the sound wave
acoustic propagation properties
24
Which of th following is true of all waves?
all carry energy from one site to another
25
Which of the following describes the characteristics of a sound wave?
mechanical, longitudinal
26
Sound is best described as__?
a series of compressions and rarefactions
27
All of the following are true about sound waves except?
they are transverse
28
Sound can be characterized as:
cyclical oscillations in certain variables
29
A force is applied to a surface. If the force is tripled and the surface area over which the force is applied is also tripled, what is the new pressure?
unchanged
30
A longitudinal wave propagates from eats to west at a speed of 2 miles per hour, what is the direction of motion of the particles within the wave?
alternatively from east to west and then from west to east
31
The direction of motion of a particle in a wave is perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the wave. What type of wave is this?
transverse
32
A particle within a transverse wave is traveling vertically, what is the direction of the waves propagation?
horizontal
33
Waves that exist at the same location and time will combine, what is this called?
interference
34
Two waves arrive at the same location and interfere. The resultant sound wave is smaller than either of the two original. What is this called?
destructive interference
35
A pair of waves are in phase. What occurs when these waves interfere?
constructive interference
36
What is th range of periods commonly found in waves produced by ultrasound systems?
0.06 to 0.5 us
37
With standard ultrasonic imaging, what happens to the period of a wave as it propagates?
remains the same
38
What determines the period of an ultrasound wave?
the transducer
39
True or false? The sonographer has the ability to alter the period of an ultrasound wave that is produced by a basic transducer
false
40
What term describes the number of cycles that an acoustic variable completes in a second?
frequency
41
Which of the following cannot be considered a unit of frequency?
cycles
42
What is the range of frequencies emitted by transducers used in ultrasound imaging
2,000,000 to 15,000,000 Hz
43
What establishes the frequency of an ultrasound wave?
the transducer
44
True or false? With standard ultrasound pulses, the frequency of the ultrasound changes significantly as the wave propagates through the body ?
false
45
When a sonographer increases the maximum imaging depth during an exam, what happens to the frequency?
remains unchanged
46
Ultrasound is defined as a sound with a frequency of ___
greater than 0.02 MHz
47
Infrasound is defined as a sound with a frequency of ___.
less than 20 Hz
48
True or false ? Waves in the ultrasound range behave in the same general manner as sound waves that are audible?
true
49
What is the characteristic of acoustic waves with frequencies exceeding 20,000 Hz when compared with waves having frequencies of less than 20,000 Hz?
humans can’t hear them
50
What is characteristic of acoustic waves with frequencies of less than 20 Hz when compared with waves having frequencies of more than 20 Hz?
humans can’t hear them
51
The frequency of a continuous acoustic wave is 5 MHz . The wave is then pulsed with a duty factor of 0.1 what is the new frequency?
5 MHz
52
True or false ? The period of an ultrasound wave is related to the frequency and is the same, regardless of whether the wave is pulsed or continuous
true
53
True or false ? If the period of two waves are the same, then the frequencies of the waves must also be the same
true
54
____ is the reciprocal of period
frequency
55
What determines the initial amplitude of an ultrasound wave?
the transducer
56
True or false? With standard diagnostic imaging instrumentation, the sonographer has the ability to vary the amplitude of a sound wave produced by the transducer
true
57
As an ultrasound wave travels through the body, its amplitude usually:
decreases
58
The power of an ultrasound wave can be reported with which of the following units?
watts
59
Typically, as an ultrasound wave travels through soft tissue, the power of the wave:
decreases
60
True or false? A sonographer can routinely change the power of a wave emitted by a transducer used in diagnostic ultrasound imaging
true
61
Mathematically, when a number is squared, the number is multiplied by :
itself
62
The final amplitude of an acoustic wave is reduced to one half of its original value. The final power is___ the original power.
none of the above
63
The amplitude of an acoustic wave decreases from 27 pascals to 9 pascals. If the initial power in the wave was 27 watts, what is the wave’s final power?
3 watts
64
The intensity of an ultrasound beam is defined as the ___ in a beam ___ by the ___ of the beam.
power, divided, area
65
As sound travels in the body, what typically happens to the intensity of the wave?
decreases
66
What are the units of intensity?
watts/ cm 2
67
True or false? With diagnostic ultrasonic imaging instruments, the operator can alter the intensity of an ultrasound beam produced by the transducer.
true
68
What determines the initial intensity of an ultrasound beam?
the source of the sound wave
69
What determines the intensity of an ultrasound beam after it has traveled through the body?
both a and b
70
What are the units of the transmitted intensity of a sound sound wave?
w/cm2
71
What happens when the power in an ultrasound beam is unchanged, and at the same time, the beam are doubles?
is halved
72
What happens to an acoustic beam’s intensity when the power in the beam increases by 25% while the cross-sectional area of the beam remains the same?
it increases by 25%
73
When the power in an acoustic beam is doubled and the cross-sectional area of the beam is halved, then the intensity of the beam is:
four times larger
74
What happens to the intensity of an ultrasound beam when the beam’s cross-sectional area remains unchanged while the amplitude of the wave triples?
increases ninefold
75
If the power of the beam is tripled while the cross-sectional area of the beam remains the same, the intensity___.
triples
76
A sonographer adjusts the output power of the wave emitted by the transducer. Which of the following also changes?
intensity
77
The wavelength of a cycle of a cycle in an ultrasound wave can be reported with which units?
units of distance (feet, etc)
78
What is the wavelenght of 2 MHz sound in soft tissue?
0.77 mm
79
Which of the following terms best describes the relationship between frequency and wavelength for sound traveling in soft tissue?
inverse
80
Which sound wave has a longer period?
the 2 MHz pulse
81
Which pulse has a longer wavelength?
the 2 MHz pulse
82
Which pulse has a lower propagation speed?
neither pulse