問題一覧
1
who were the 3 leaders of the ‘Big Three’ in 1941
Roosevelt, Stalin, Churchill
2
why did Roosevelt and Churchill criticise Stalin
they did not like the methods used by Stalin to industrialise the Soviet Union and the terrible cost in human lives it brought about.
3
why did the US and Britain work with Stalin
he strongly opposed German fascism
4
why did the grand Alliance come about
they wanted to mastermind the defeat of Germany and japan in the Second World War Germany invaded the USSR with 4 million troops despite the two having a non-aggression pact
5
when was the Tehran conference
November 1943
6
when was the yalta conference
February 1945
7
when was the Potsdam conference
July-august of 1945
8
what were the agreements made at Tehran
The USA and Britain would open a second front in France to ease the pressure on the Soviet Union in the East. Stalin would declare war against Japan and supply Soviet troops to help the USA with the war against Japan. they also discussed what would happen to Germany after the war, agreeing it should be weakened. Poland would receive land from Germany and the Soviet Union could keep the land they took from Poland, this was important for them in strengthening their western border after the war. they also laid the ground for the formation of the United Nations. Roosevelt sided with Stalin more, may because of his dislike towards Churchill’s views towards colonialism.
9
what were agreements made at Yalta
Germany would be split into four zones, for the USA, Britain, France and the Soviet Union Germany would pay 20 billion in reparations (half to Soviet Union) Nazi party banned and war criminals prosecuted a United Nations would be set up Stalin agreed to join the war against japan Stalin agreed to free elections in the countries of Eastern Europe stumbling block: polands borders would be returned to their positions in 1921, which would hugely benefit Stalin who wanted a communist government, however the British supported the London poles.
10
who were the change of personnel in 1945
Roosevelt died - replaced by Truman Winston Churchill lost the election - replaced by Clement Atlee
11
what were the main world events of 1945 that had a significance on the agreements at Potsdam
Germany had surrendered Scientists in the USA had successfully developed and tested the atomic bomb.
12
why did Truman not want to share the atomic bomb with stalin
he did not want Stalin to pull out of fighting in Japan.
13
how many people did Stalin lose in the war
27 million - greatest loss
14
what did Truman think of stalin
he was extremely anti-communist and was very suspicious of stalin
15
what were the agreements made at Potsdam
Germany would be divided into four zones, but the German economy would be run as a whole Berlin would also be divided into four zones
16
what did Truman and Stalin disagree on
reparations- Truman didnt want to impose too heavily on Germany as wanted the recovery of the economy. Stalin disagreed Poland - Truman wanted to see a new government with less communist influence and free elections. Stalin believed he should be compensated for his great losses and needed Poland in his ploy to create a strong border with the west
17
what was the conclusion that Stalin and Truman came to regarding reparations
it was agreed that each country would take reparations from its own zone but as the Soviet Union controlled the poorest zone, it would be allowed to take a quarter of industrial equipment from the other zones.
18
what was the impact of the atomic bomb on us-soviet relations?
it had the opposite impact that America had hoped for, Truman wanted the creation of the bomb to make Stalin give Eastern European countries more freedom. However, instead Stalin now felt an even greater need for a buffer zone of countries sympathetic to communism between the Soviet Union and the west. it started an arms race, increasing tension between both countries. however it may also be said that having such powerful weapons that could destroy the world many times over, made both sides, more reluctant to go to war.
19
Give a quote from the The Long Telegram - George Kennan
‘’rival—not a partner’’
20
what did the long telegram tell the USA
that the Soviet Union believed that the world outside the Soviet Union was hostile and wanted to destroy communism he wanted to see the destruction of capitalism.
21
what were the consequences of the long telegram?
the USA now abandoned isolationism and adopted containment
22
give a quote from the Novikov telegram - Nikolai novikov
‘’win world domination in a new war’’
23
what did the novikov telegram tell the USSR
that the USA wanted to use their massive military strength to dominate the world the USA no longer wanted to co-operate with Stalin and the American people would support war
24
Discuss the creation of soviet satellite states in eastern europe
as Stalin had advanced through Western Europe freeing Nazi occupied countries. He believed that he should now be able to control these countries as they were useful buffer zone between the Soviet Union and Germany. He turned them into satellite states with communist governments and little political autonomy. Truman saw this is evidence that the Soviet Union wanted to spread communism worldwide and relations between the Soviet Union and the USA weakened.