問題一覧
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is about having (or showing) a realization, perception or knowledge of a concept, situation, circumstance, or person.
awareness
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allows us to recognize our place and role in the world, and to express thoughts and behaviors based on them.
self-awareness
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Has the assumption that a child's thinking changes at the precise onset of particular developmental stages
Developmental Theory (Jean Piaget, 1896-1980)
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Focus on the (2) processes of: (developmental theory)
• assimilation • accommodation
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States that growing up influences a child's capacity to understand the world; children cannot do particular tasks until they are psychologically mature enough to do so • Inaccurate
developmental theory
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• Offered a combination of empirical evidence from Piaget's theory and aspects of psychometrics and cognitive theory • Aimed to describe and explain intellectual development, individual differences in the rate and direction of intellectual development. •more accurate application
Cognitive Development (Andreas Demetriou, 1950-)
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functional levels of organization (cognitive development)
• core processes • mental operations • knowledge and beliefs
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areas of awareness
• personality • values • habits • needs • emotions
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Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy (5 levels of needs)
• Physiological • safety • love/belonging • esteem • self-actualization
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Areas that benefit from practicing self-awareness
• skills development • performance • intuitive decision-making • stress management • motivation • leadership
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one tool determined to illustrate the process accurately
johari window
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Designed with four (4) quadrants, the model assigns specific 'selves' or personas to each quadrant:
• public self • provate self • blind self • undiscovered self
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Personal attributes that are readily seen or observed by the person and others in him-/herself
public self (open)
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Attributes that a person knows about him-/herself but is not known by others
private self (secretive)
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Attributes that a person does not know about him-/herself but is known by others
blind slef (naive)
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Attributes that both a person and others do not yet know of the person and which are left for future discovery
undiscovered self (mysterious)
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It is a stage where awareness of certain behavior leads to self-policing action or the capacity to alter behavior. It determines how we can choose to respond, and the way we do respond, to particular situations.
self-regulation
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Focuses on learning that occurs within the social context Suggests that the environment has an effect on modeling where individuals identify an "ideal" and patterns their behaviors after them;
Social Learning Theory (Albert Bandura, 1925-)
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modeling becomes successful if there is
Attention Motor reproduction Retention Motivation
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Theory assumes that people learn from one another such concepts as observation, imitation, and even modeling
social learning theory
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is considered the bridge between cognitive and behaviorist theories
social learning
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assumes that people have psychological needs that are the basis for self-motivation and personality integration.
Self-Determination Theory (Edward Deci & Richard Ryan)
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Cites three (3) needs which allow optimal function and growth if they are satisfied
Competence Relatedness Autonomy
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they stated that __________ is "to endorse one's actions at the highest level of reflection"; when we are self-determined, we "experience a sense of freedom to do what is interesting, personally important, and vitalizing"
deci and ryan : self-determination
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3 Phases of Self-Regulation
• Forethought / Pre-action or Setting Standards and Goals • Performance Control • Self Reflection
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Sets the stage for action and maps tasks
Forethought / Pre-action or Setting Standards and Goals
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Involves processes and the utilization of strategies to reach success
performance control
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Reflection after performance; outcomes are compared to goals set in the forethought phase
self-reflection
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3 aspect of self-regulation
• self-observation • self-judge • self-reaction
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Systematic monitoring of own performance
self-observation
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Systematic comparison of actual performance set against goals
self-judge
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Personal process of evaluation that takes places during the activity
self-reaction