responsible for the selection, specification and quality control of materials

FACTORS THAT MATERIALS ENGINEER CONSIDER:

isn’t just affected by the cost of materials.

what are the economic Factors?

availability of materials can affect the choice.

Cost considerations are crucial for staying within the budget

The ____________ of materials to the construction site can impact project costs.

Different materials have different impacts on construction.

are easier and faster to build than reinforced concrete buildings

require more steps and time on site, such as building forms, placing steel and concrete, and removing forms.

The durability of different materials is not the same.

Manufacturing Cost Includes:

is a key decision factor.

This affects how long the structure can last and how much it costs to maintain it.

All materials deform in response to loads

What are the 7 mechanical properties?

Under Loading conditions are the:

loads that don’t disturb the structure or material through vibrations or shock.

loads that disturb the material or structures through vibrations and shocks

Dynamic Loads can be classified as:

Harmonic or sinusoidal loads (repeating pattern)

never repeating loads such as earthquake loads

impulse load (applied over short period) such as vibrations caused by winds and trucks

When a material is subjected to a load or force, it changes its shape or size.

The change in shape or size

Typical uniaxial stress–strain diagrams for some engineering materials:

instantaneous response (deformation) to load

does not change the arrangement of atoms within the material.

When the load is removed?

normal stress and normal strain of an axially loaded member

the property of a material to withstand compression or the elongation with respect to its length.

The ratio of the lateral strain

the ratio of the transverse contraction strain to longitudinal extension strain in the direction of stretching force.

After elastic limit

increases rapidly with little change in stress

behavior switches from elastic to Plastic

do not undergo plastic deformation

display appreciable plastic deformation

materials exhibit both viscous and elastic responses

Typical viscoelastic materials used in construction applications are?

have a delayed response to load application.

long term deformations (metal)

short term deformations (amorphous materials)

force in order to move or deform specimen

The area under the elastic portion of the curve.

occurs when a member or structure ceases to perform the function for which it was designed.

Failure of a structure can take several modes:

is a common failure mode.

when the static stress reaches the strength of the material.

a failure well below the strength of the material that is cause by repeated stresses.

This failure happens in ductile materials, and it spreads throughout the whole structure, which results in a total collapse.

a failure of long and slender members that are subjected to axial compression.

could be defined as failure, depending on the function of the member

is defined as the ratio of the stress at failure to the allowable stress for design.

other than load response, that affect selection, use, and performance.

What are the Nonmechanical Properties?

mass, weight, and volume relationship of materials

is the mass per unit volume of material

is the weight per unit volume of material.

is the ratio of the mass of a substance relative to the mass of an equal volume of water at a specified temperature.

all materials expand as temperature increases and contract as temperature falls.

expansion per unit length

interest to civil engineers

The surface properties of materials of interest to civil engineers include

the ability of the material to resist abrasion and wear, and surface texture.

All materials wear out over time due to various factors.

This affects the skid resistance and safety of the pavements.

determines the friction resistance and the skidding potential of vehicles on wet conditions.

depends not only on its suitability for the purpose, but also on its availability, fabrication and construction

The appearance of a material