NCM 104- RC ( Community Health Nursing) (PRELIM)

75問 • 1年前

ユーザ名非公開

通報

問題一覧

the freedom from disease causing microorganisms; being free from infection

Asepsis

a detectable alteration in normal tissue function

Disease

the ability to produce disease

Pathogenicity

invasion of body tissue by microorganisms and their growth their

Infection

defined as all the measures we take to purposefully reduce the number of microorganisms (germs) to an irreducible number for the purpose of preventing transmission of infection.

Aseptic Technique

includes all practices intended to confine a specific microorganism to a specific area, limiting the number, growth, and transmission of microorganisms.

Medical Asepsis

refers to practices that keep an area or object free of all microorganisms and spores (microscopic dormant structures formed by some pathogens that aver very hardy and often survive common cleaning techniques); Used for all procedures involving the sterile areas of the body

Surgical Asepsis

substances usually intended for use on persons that inhibit the growth of pathogenic but not necessarily destroys them.

Disinfectant

the process by which all microorganisms inducing their spores are destroyed

Sterilization

the process by which something is rendered unclean or unsterile

Contamination

a chemical that kills microorganisms

Bactericidal

an agent that prevents bacterial multiplication but does not kill all forms of microorganisms

Bacteriostatic

live on other living organisms. they include protozoa such as the one that causes malaria, helminths (worms), and arthropods (mites, fleas, ticks)

Parasites

include yeasts and molds. candida albicans is a yeast considered to be normal in the human vagina

Fungi

consists primarily of nucleic acid and therefore must enter living cells in order to reproduce

Viruses

the most common infection-causing microorganisms, several hundred species can cause disease in humans and can live and be transported through air, water, food, soil, body tissues and fluids, and inanimate objects

Bacteria

the process by which strains of microorganisms become resident flora. The microorganisms may grow and multiply but do not cause disease.

Colonization

when a culture of the persons’ blood reveals microorganisms

Bacteremia

is limited to the specific part of the body where the microorganisms remain

Local infection

if the microorganisms spread and damage different parts of the body

Systematic infection

generally appear suddenly or last for a short time

Acute infection

may occur slowly, over a very long period, and may last months or years

Chronic infection

when bacteria results in systemic infection

Septicemia

defined as an infection acquired at least 72 hours after hospitalization hospital-acquired infection.

Nosocomial infection

microorganisms that cause nosocomial infections originate from the clients themselves

Endogenous

from the hospital environment and hospital personnel

Exogenous

direct result of diagnostic or therapeutic procedures

Iatrogenic infections

microorganisms means

Etiologic Agent

sources of microorganisms

Reservoir

is a person or animal reservoir of a specific infectious agent that usually does not manifest any clinical signs of disease

Carrier

before an infection can establish itself in a host, the microorganisms must leave the reservoir.

Portal of Exit from Reservoir

involves immediate and direct transfer of microorganisms from person to person through touching, biting, kissing, or sexual intercourse

Direct Transmission

be either vehicle-borne or vector-borne

Indirect Transmission

subtances serving as an intermediate means to transport and introduce an infectious agent into a susceptible host through a suitable portal of entry

Vehicle-borne transmission

is an animal or flying or crawling insect that serves as an intermediate means of transporting the infectious agent.

Vector-borne transmission

may involve droplets or dust

Airborne Transmission

before a person can become infected, microorganisms must enter the body.

Portal of Entry to the Susceptible Host

is any person who is at risk for infection

Susceptible Host

protect the person against microorganisms, regardless of prior exposure.

Nonspecific Defenses

is a local and non-specific defensive response of the tissue or infectious agent

Inflammation

Dolor means

Pain

Calor means

Heat

Rubor means

Redness

Tumor means

Swelling

is produced, consisting of fluid that escaped form the blood vesssels, dead phagocytic cells, and dead fibrinogen, thromboplastin, and platelets together form an interlacing network to wall off the area and prevent spread of the injurious agent.

Exudate Production

first stage of inflammation, blood vessels at the site of injury constrict and then followed by dilation of small blood vessels thus, more blood flows to the injured area.

Vascular and Cellular Responses

repair of injured tissues by regeneration or replacement with fibrous tissue (scar) formation

Reparative

is the replacement of destroyed tissue cells by cells that are identical or similar in structure and function.

Regeneration

which impair ciliary action and weakens the mucous barrier

Chronic pulmonary disease

which impair skin integrity

Burns

which restricts blood flow

Peripheral vascular disease

which alter the production of white blood cells

Immune system diseases such as leukemia and aplastic anemia

which deplete protein reserves

Chronic or debilitating diseases

is a major underlying disease predisposing clients to infection because compromised peripheral vascular status and increased serum glucose levels increase susceptibility

Diabetes

The nurse obtains the client's history, conducts the physical assessment, and gathers laboratory data

Assessing

Signs and symptoms of an infection vary according to the body area involved

Physical assessment

Signs of systemic infection include the following:

Fever, Increased pulse and respiratory rate if the fever is high, Enlargement and tenderness of lymph nodes that drain the area of infection

NANDA nursing diagnosis associated with infection: Risk for infection

Diagnosing

The major goals for clients susceptible to infection are to: • Maintain or restore defenses • Avoid the spread of infectious organisms • Reduce or alleviate problems associated with the infection

Planning

If infection cannot be prevented, the nurse's goal is to prevent the spread of the infection within and between persons, and to treat the existing infection.

Implementing

is considered the most effective infection control measures to spread microorganisms

Hand Washing

Signs and symptoms indicating the presence of infection: swelling, redness, pain or tenderness with palpation or movement, palpable heat at site, loss of function of affected body part, presence of exudate

Localized signs

Signs and symptoms indicating the presence of infection: fever, increased pulse and respiratory rates, lack of energy, anorexia, enlarged lymph nodes

Systemic indications

refers to a technique designed to prevent the spread of infection or potential infectious microorganisms to health personnel, clients, and visitor.

Isolation

protects health care providers from inhaling respiratory pathogens transmitted by the droplet route.

Surgical Mask

has a soft knitted head band that offers greater comfort and a secure fit. The classic cone mask is convenient to use and provides excellent filtration at over 95% efficiency

Cone Mask

constructed with a patented combination of materials to resist fluid penetration upon impact

Fluid Resistant/Fluid Mask

particulate filter- respirator and surgical mask, pouch style. Meets or exceeds all CDC and NIOSH compliance requirements for tuberculosis protection

Tecnol N95 TB Mask

Pt. placement: private room that has monitored negative air pressure

Airborne Precautions

In all client situations: “WASH HANDS BEFORE and AFTER CLIENT CONTACT!”

Implementing Isolation Precautions

Used in clients with known or suspected condition easily transmitted through direct client contact or by contact with clients item.

Contact Precautions

Patient placement: Private room : Cohort or maintain spatial separation of 3ft from each other pts or visitors if private room is not available

Droplet Precautions

This clients are often infected by their own microorganisms or from inadequately washed hands of the Health care provider.

Barrier Technique (Reverse Isolation)

Isolation of clients can develop problems like separation and some special care due to their precautions.

Psychological Aspect of Isolation Precaution

defined as the practice of techniques and procedures designed to reduce the number of microorganisms in an area or an object and to decrease the likelihood of their transfer.

Medical Asepsis

NCM 104- RA Community Health Nursing (PRELIM)

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43問 • 1年前

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60問 • 1年前

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16問 • 1年前

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43問 • 1年前

ユーザ名非公開

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NCM 104-RA (Child Health Services) SEMI FINAL

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NCM 104-RA (Child Health Services) SEMI FINAL

38問 • 1年前

ユーザ名非公開

NCM 104-RA (Prevention and Control of Non Communicable Diseases) SEMI FINAL

ユーザ名非公開 · 51問 · 1年前

NCM 104-RA (Prevention and Control of Non Communicable Diseases) SEMI FINAL

51問 • 1年前

ユーザ名非公開

NCM 106-R PHARMACOLOGY

ユーザ名非公開 · 12問 · 1年前

NCM 106-R PHARMACOLOGY

NCM 108 Bioethics

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ユーザ名非公開 · 30問 · 1年前

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30問 • 1年前

ユーザ名非公開

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THE COMPUTER SYSTEM

THE COMPUTER SYSTEM

NCM 110- RA Midterm

NCM 110- RA Midterm

問題一覧

the freedom from disease causing microorganisms; being free from infection

Asepsis

a detectable alteration in normal tissue function

Disease

the ability to produce disease

Pathogenicity

invasion of body tissue by microorganisms and their growth their

Infection

defined as all the measures we take to purposefully reduce the number of microorganisms (germs) to an irreducible number for the purpose of preventing transmission of infection.

Aseptic Technique

includes all practices intended to confine a specific microorganism to a specific area, limiting the number, growth, and transmission of microorganisms.

Medical Asepsis

Surgical Asepsis

substances usually intended for use on persons that inhibit the growth of pathogenic but not necessarily destroys them.

Disinfectant

the process by which all microorganisms inducing their spores are destroyed

Sterilization

the process by which something is rendered unclean or unsterile

Contamination

a chemical that kills microorganisms

Bactericidal

an agent that prevents bacterial multiplication but does not kill all forms of microorganisms

Bacteriostatic

live on other living organisms. they include protozoa such as the one that causes malaria, helminths (worms), and arthropods (mites, fleas, ticks)

Parasites

include yeasts and molds. candida albicans is a yeast considered to be normal in the human vagina

Fungi

consists primarily of nucleic acid and therefore must enter living cells in order to reproduce

Viruses

Bacteria

the process by which strains of microorganisms become resident flora. The microorganisms may grow and multiply but do not cause disease.

Colonization

when a culture of the persons’ blood reveals microorganisms

Bacteremia

is limited to the specific part of the body where the microorganisms remain

Local infection

if the microorganisms spread and damage different parts of the body

Systematic infection

generally appear suddenly or last for a short time

Acute infection

may occur slowly, over a very long period, and may last months or years

Chronic infection

when bacteria results in systemic infection

Septicemia

defined as an infection acquired at least 72 hours after hospitalization hospital-acquired infection.

Nosocomial infection

microorganisms that cause nosocomial infections originate from the clients themselves

Endogenous

from the hospital environment and hospital personnel

Exogenous

direct result of diagnostic or therapeutic procedures

Iatrogenic infections

microorganisms means

Etiologic Agent

sources of microorganisms

Reservoir

is a person or animal reservoir of a specific infectious agent that usually does not manifest any clinical signs of disease

Carrier

before an infection can establish itself in a host, the microorganisms must leave the reservoir.

Portal of Exit from Reservoir

involves immediate and direct transfer of microorganisms from person to person through touching, biting, kissing, or sexual intercourse

Direct Transmission

be either vehicle-borne or vector-borne

Indirect Transmission

subtances serving as an intermediate means to transport and introduce an infectious agent into a susceptible host through a suitable portal of entry

Vehicle-borne transmission

is an animal or flying or crawling insect that serves as an intermediate means of transporting the infectious agent.

Vector-borne transmission

may involve droplets or dust

Airborne Transmission

before a person can become infected, microorganisms must enter the body.

Portal of Entry to the Susceptible Host

is any person who is at risk for infection

Susceptible Host

protect the person against microorganisms, regardless of prior exposure.

Nonspecific Defenses

is a local and non-specific defensive response of the tissue or infectious agent

Inflammation

Dolor means

Pain

Calor means

Heat

Rubor means

Redness

Tumor means

Swelling

Exudate Production

first stage of inflammation, blood vessels at the site of injury constrict and then followed by dilation of small blood vessels thus, more blood flows to the injured area.

Vascular and Cellular Responses

repair of injured tissues by regeneration or replacement with fibrous tissue (scar) formation

Reparative

is the replacement of destroyed tissue cells by cells that are identical or similar in structure and function.

Regeneration

which impair ciliary action and weakens the mucous barrier

Chronic pulmonary disease

which impair skin integrity

Burns

which restricts blood flow

Peripheral vascular disease

which alter the production of white blood cells

Immune system diseases such as leukemia and aplastic anemia

which deplete protein reserves

Chronic or debilitating diseases

is a major underlying disease predisposing clients to infection because compromised peripheral vascular status and increased serum glucose levels increase susceptibility

Diabetes

The nurse obtains the client's history, conducts the physical assessment, and gathers laboratory data

Assessing

Signs and symptoms of an infection vary according to the body area involved

Physical assessment

Signs of systemic infection include the following:

Fever, Increased pulse and respiratory rate if the fever is high, Enlargement and tenderness of lymph nodes that drain the area of infection

NANDA nursing diagnosis associated with infection: Risk for infection

Diagnosing

Planning

If infection cannot be prevented, the nurse's goal is to prevent the spread of the infection within and between persons, and to treat the existing infection.

Implementing

is considered the most effective infection control measures to spread microorganisms

Hand Washing

Localized signs

Signs and symptoms indicating the presence of infection: fever, increased pulse and respiratory rates, lack of energy, anorexia, enlarged lymph nodes

Systemic indications

refers to a technique designed to prevent the spread of infection or potential infectious microorganisms to health personnel, clients, and visitor.

Isolation

protects health care providers from inhaling respiratory pathogens transmitted by the droplet route.

Surgical Mask

has a soft knitted head band that offers greater comfort and a secure fit. The classic cone mask is convenient to use and provides excellent filtration at over 95% efficiency

Cone Mask

constructed with a patented combination of materials to resist fluid penetration upon impact

Fluid Resistant/Fluid Mask

particulate filter- respirator and surgical mask, pouch style. Meets or exceeds all CDC and NIOSH compliance requirements for tuberculosis protection

Tecnol N95 TB Mask

Pt. placement: private room that has monitored negative air pressure

Airborne Precautions

In all client situations: “WASH HANDS BEFORE and AFTER CLIENT CONTACT!”

Implementing Isolation Precautions

Used in clients with known or suspected condition easily transmitted through direct client contact or by contact with clients item.

Contact Precautions

Patient placement: Private room : Cohort or maintain spatial separation of 3ft from each other pts or visitors if private room is not available

Droplet Precautions

This clients are often infected by their own microorganisms or from inadequately washed hands of the Health care provider.

Barrier Technique (Reverse Isolation)

Isolation of clients can develop problems like separation and some special care due to their precautions.

Psychological Aspect of Isolation Precaution

defined as the practice of techniques and procedures designed to reduce the number of microorganisms in an area or an object and to decrease the likelihood of their transfer.

Medical Asepsis