CP PATHO
問題一覧
1
Which of the following is NOT typically found in a patient with COPD?
restrictive disease
2
Which of the following asthma medications is not usually administered during pregnancy?
ipratropium bromide
3
Which of the following is or are commonly cultured in the sputum of patients with bronchiectasis?
1.Streptococcus pneumoniae
2.Pseudomonas aeruginosa
3.Haemophilus influenzae
4.Klebsiella
1, 2, 3, and 4 only
4
During an asthmatic episode, the smooth muscles of the bronchi may hypertrophy as much as:
Three times normal thickness
5
Which complaint is most closely associated with the diagnosis of chronic bronchitis?
chronic productive cough
6
Patients with severe chronic bronchitis may demonstrate which of the following?
1.Peripheral edema
2.Distended neck veins
3.An elevated hemoglobin concentration
4.An enlarged liver
1, 2, 3, and 4
7
In chronic bronchitis:
1.The bronchial walls are narrowed because of vasoconstriction
2.The bronchial glands are enlarged
3.The number of goblet cells is decreased
4.The number of cilia lining the tracheobronchial tree is increased
2 only
8
What test is most useful for the diagnosis of asthma in a symptom-free patient?
bronchoprovocation testing with pulmonary function tests
9
Which of the following bacteria are commonly found in the tracheobronchial tree of patients with chronic bronchitis?
1.Staphylococcus
2.Haemophilus influenzae
3.Klebsiella
4.Streptococcus pneumonia
2 and 4 only
10
Asthma is associated with which of the following
1.Increase in goblet cells
2.Damage to cilia and deduced mucus clearance
3.Increase in bronchial gland size
4.Decrease in eosinophils
1 and 3 only
11
Emphysema is defined as:
destruction of alveolar walls without fibrosis
12
Which of the following medications is indicated for REGULAR use in patients with stable COPD?
B2-agonists
13
What is the single most common etiologic factor in emphysema?
Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency
14
What treatment for patients with COPD has been shown to improve long-term survival?
oxygen
15
Which of the following tests is recommended as part of the initial assessment of asthma?
spirometry
16
What type of emphysema creates an abnormal enlargement of all structures distal to the terminal bronchioles?
Panlobular emphysema
17
Which of the following is considered the hallmark of bronchiectasis?
Chronic cough and large quantities of foul-smelling sputum
18
Which of the following symptoms is NOT a classic symptom of asthma?
chest pain
19
What medication is currently the most effective for the treatment of asthma?
corticosteroids
20
In which of the following forms of bronchiectasis are the bronchi dilated and constricted in an irregular fashion?
1.Fusiform
2.Saccular
3.Varicose
4.Cylindrical
3 only
21
What treatment for patients with COPD has been shown to improve long-term survival?
oxygen
22
Drugs approved for primary pulmonary hypertension are recommended for patients with a pulmonary hypertension secondary to COPD.
FALSE
23
The most common risk factor for development of lung cancer is
Age >55
24
The intrathoracic causes of chronic cough include the following except
GERD
25
Management of severe but not life- threatening exacerbations include the following: (Select all that apply)
Bronchodilators
26
Which of the following medications is generally only used if the patient still has debilitating symptoms from stable COPD, despite inhaled bronchodilator therapy?
methylxanthines
27
Which of the following is an indication for invasive mechanical ventilation?
Severe hemodynamic instability without response to fluids and vasoactive drugs
28
One of the goals to reduce the symptoms of stable COPD is
to relieve symptoms
29
Regular treatment with mucolytics such as Carbocysteine reduces the risk of exacerbations in selected populations
TRUE
30
Which type of medication improves lung function and reduces moderate and severe exacerbations?
PDE4 Inhibitors
31
Which of the following combination drugs are more effective than the individual components in improving lung function and reducing exacerbations in patients with exacerbations and moderate to very severe COPD?
ICS + LABA
32
Indications for noninvasive mechanical ventilation include at least one of the following
Respiratory acidosis
33
Vaccinations recommended by the CDC for stable COPD are the following except
Pneumococcal
34
The following are clinical indicators for considering a diagnosis of COPD, except
Acute cough
35
This type of COPD is due to the exposure to household pollution, ambient air pollution, wildfire smoke, and occupational hazards.
COPD- P
36
According to the GOLD report, which of the following is the greatest worldwide risk factor for COPD?
Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke
37
The following are strategies to help the patient willing to quit smoking
ask, advice, assess, assist, arrange
38
This type of COPD is due to Alpha- 1 antitrypsin deficiency.
COPD- G
39
Mucoregulators that reduce the frequency of COPD exacerbations include the following except
Roflumilast
40
According to GOLD, at what age can the initial diagnosis of COPD be made?
40 years
41
How long is the duration of action of Salbutamol (extended release)?
12 hours
42
Pulmonary rehabilitation leads to a reduction in symptoms of anxiety and depression.
TRUE
43
Which of the following medications is indicated for REGULAR use in patients with stable COPD
Beta 2-agonists
44
It should be considered in malnourished patients with COPD.
Nutritional supplementation
45
Which of the following are used to confirm the diagnosis of COPD?
1. Presence of a chronic cough
2. Chronic exposure to environmental smoke
3. FEV1/FVC ratio greater than 0.70
4. FEV1 <80%
1, 2, 3
46
Education is needed to change patient's knowledge but there is no evidence that if used alone, it will change patient behavior.
TRUE
47
The management of COPD may include:
1. annual influenza immunization.
2. bronchopulmonary hygiene procedures.
3. bronchodilators.
4. smoking cessation
1, 2, 3, 4
48
Indications for respiratory or medical ICU admission are the following except
Need for noninvasive mechanical ventilation
49
In the United States, the primary factor leading to the development of COPD is:
tobacco smoking.
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46問 • 1年前問題一覧
1
Which of the following is NOT typically found in a patient with COPD?
restrictive disease
2
Which of the following asthma medications is not usually administered during pregnancy?
ipratropium bromide
3
Which of the following is or are commonly cultured in the sputum of patients with bronchiectasis?
1.Streptococcus pneumoniae
2.Pseudomonas aeruginosa
3.Haemophilus influenzae
4.Klebsiella
1, 2, 3, and 4 only
4
During an asthmatic episode, the smooth muscles of the bronchi may hypertrophy as much as:
Three times normal thickness
5
Which complaint is most closely associated with the diagnosis of chronic bronchitis?
chronic productive cough
6
Patients with severe chronic bronchitis may demonstrate which of the following?
1.Peripheral edema
2.Distended neck veins
3.An elevated hemoglobin concentration
4.An enlarged liver
1, 2, 3, and 4
7
In chronic bronchitis:
1.The bronchial walls are narrowed because of vasoconstriction
2.The bronchial glands are enlarged
3.The number of goblet cells is decreased
4.The number of cilia lining the tracheobronchial tree is increased
2 only
8
What test is most useful for the diagnosis of asthma in a symptom-free patient?
bronchoprovocation testing with pulmonary function tests
9
Which of the following bacteria are commonly found in the tracheobronchial tree of patients with chronic bronchitis?
1.Staphylococcus
2.Haemophilus influenzae
3.Klebsiella
4.Streptococcus pneumonia
2 and 4 only
10
Asthma is associated with which of the following
1.Increase in goblet cells
2.Damage to cilia and deduced mucus clearance
3.Increase in bronchial gland size
4.Decrease in eosinophils
1 and 3 only
11
Emphysema is defined as:
destruction of alveolar walls without fibrosis
12
Which of the following medications is indicated for REGULAR use in patients with stable COPD?
B2-agonists
13
What is the single most common etiologic factor in emphysema?
Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency
14
What treatment for patients with COPD has been shown to improve long-term survival?
oxygen
15
Which of the following tests is recommended as part of the initial assessment of asthma?
spirometry
16
What type of emphysema creates an abnormal enlargement of all structures distal to the terminal bronchioles?
Panlobular emphysema
17
Which of the following is considered the hallmark of bronchiectasis?
Chronic cough and large quantities of foul-smelling sputum
18
Which of the following symptoms is NOT a classic symptom of asthma?
chest pain
19
What medication is currently the most effective for the treatment of asthma?
corticosteroids
20
In which of the following forms of bronchiectasis are the bronchi dilated and constricted in an irregular fashion?
1.Fusiform
2.Saccular
3.Varicose
4.Cylindrical
3 only
21
What treatment for patients with COPD has been shown to improve long-term survival?
oxygen
22
Drugs approved for primary pulmonary hypertension are recommended for patients with a pulmonary hypertension secondary to COPD.
FALSE
23
The most common risk factor for development of lung cancer is
Age >55
24
The intrathoracic causes of chronic cough include the following except
GERD
25
Management of severe but not life- threatening exacerbations include the following: (Select all that apply)
Bronchodilators
26
Which of the following medications is generally only used if the patient still has debilitating symptoms from stable COPD, despite inhaled bronchodilator therapy?
methylxanthines
27
Which of the following is an indication for invasive mechanical ventilation?
Severe hemodynamic instability without response to fluids and vasoactive drugs
28
One of the goals to reduce the symptoms of stable COPD is
to relieve symptoms
29
Regular treatment with mucolytics such as Carbocysteine reduces the risk of exacerbations in selected populations
TRUE
30
Which type of medication improves lung function and reduces moderate and severe exacerbations?
PDE4 Inhibitors
31
Which of the following combination drugs are more effective than the individual components in improving lung function and reducing exacerbations in patients with exacerbations and moderate to very severe COPD?
ICS + LABA
32
Indications for noninvasive mechanical ventilation include at least one of the following
Respiratory acidosis
33
Vaccinations recommended by the CDC for stable COPD are the following except
Pneumococcal
34
The following are clinical indicators for considering a diagnosis of COPD, except
Acute cough
35
This type of COPD is due to the exposure to household pollution, ambient air pollution, wildfire smoke, and occupational hazards.
COPD- P
36
According to the GOLD report, which of the following is the greatest worldwide risk factor for COPD?
Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke
37
The following are strategies to help the patient willing to quit smoking
ask, advice, assess, assist, arrange
38
This type of COPD is due to Alpha- 1 antitrypsin deficiency.
COPD- G
39
Mucoregulators that reduce the frequency of COPD exacerbations include the following except
Roflumilast
40
According to GOLD, at what age can the initial diagnosis of COPD be made?
40 years
41
How long is the duration of action of Salbutamol (extended release)?
12 hours
42
Pulmonary rehabilitation leads to a reduction in symptoms of anxiety and depression.
TRUE
43
Which of the following medications is indicated for REGULAR use in patients with stable COPD
Beta 2-agonists
44
It should be considered in malnourished patients with COPD.
Nutritional supplementation
45
Which of the following are used to confirm the diagnosis of COPD?
1. Presence of a chronic cough
2. Chronic exposure to environmental smoke
3. FEV1/FVC ratio greater than 0.70
4. FEV1 <80%
1, 2, 3
46
Education is needed to change patient's knowledge but there is no evidence that if used alone, it will change patient behavior.
TRUE
47
The management of COPD may include:
1. annual influenza immunization.
2. bronchopulmonary hygiene procedures.
3. bronchodilators.
4. smoking cessation
1, 2, 3, 4
48
Indications for respiratory or medical ICU admission are the following except
Need for noninvasive mechanical ventilation
49
In the United States, the primary factor leading to the development of COPD is:
tobacco smoking.