Pathological anatomy
問題一覧
1
#1
*!What is the most common cause of fatty degeneration of the myocardium?
Hypoxia
2
#2
*!What refers to stromal-vascular dysproteinoses?
Mucous swelling
3
#3
*!What is the name of stromal vascular dysproteinosis?
Hyalinosis
4
# 4
*! What histochemical stain is used to identify fat?
Sudan-3
5
# 5
*! What histochemical stain is used to detect glycogen?
Carmen best
6
# 6
*!What is a disorder of tissue metabolism with structural changes called?
Dystrophy
7
# 7
*!What is the name of dystrophy accompanied by metabolic disorders in the cytoplasm of the cell?
Parenchyma dystrophy
8
# 8
*! What is the name of dystrophy accompanied by metabolic disorders in the parenchyma and stroma of organs?
Mixed dystrophy
9
# 9
*! What is the name of dystrophy accompanied by metabolic disorders in the stroma of organs?
Stromal vascular dystrophy
10
# 10
*!What mechanism of dystrophy develops with excessive penetration of metabolic products from the blood and lymph into cells or intercellular substance?
Infiltration
11
# eleven
*! What mechanism of dystrophy develops during the breakdown of cell ultrastructures and intercellular substance?
Decomposition
12
# 12
*! What mechanism of dystrophy develops during the synthesis in cells or tissues of substances that are not normally found in them?
Perverted synthesis
13
# 13
*! What mechanism of dystrophy develops? With education products of the same type of exchange from common initial products?
Transformation
14
# 14
*!What is the superficial and reversible disorganization of connective tissue called
Mucous swelling
15
# 15
*!What is the name of deep and irreversible disorganization of connective tissue?
Fibrinoid swelling
16
#16
*!What is the name of the type of dystrophy in which homogeneous translucent dense masses are formed of connective tissue?
Hyalinosis
17
#1 7
*!What is the name of the process of increasing the blood supply to a tissue or organ due to an increase in blood flow?
Arterial hyperemia
18
#18
*! What is the process of increasing the blood supply to an organ due to a decrease in blood outflow called?
Venous hyperemia
19
#19
*! What type of hyperemia develops due to obstruction of blood flow through the main arterial trunk?
Collateral
20
# 20
*! What type of hyperemia develops in connection with a decrease in barometric pressure?
Vacant
21
#21
*! During a macroscopic examination of the liver, it was noted that the organ was reduced in size, had a dense consistency, and had a finely lumpy surface. On a cut, connective tissue layers divide the liver into lobules.
What is your conclusion?
Portal cirrhosis
22
#22
*! On the 4th day after birth, the postpartum woman had a rise in body temperature of 39 o C, chills and tachycardia of up to 100 beats per minute. During examination, uterine tenderness and cloudy, purulent-bloody discharge were noted. What is your conclusion?
Purulent endometritis
23
#23
*! In B., 27 years old, low-grade fever and shortness of breath were noted; a radiograph revealed isolated focal shadows in the lungs, an increase in the pulmonary pattern, and a symmetrical enlargement of the hilar lymph nodes. A biopsy of the cervical lymph node revealed necrosis and multiple epithelioid cell granulomas with Pirogov-Langhans giant cells.
What is your conclusion?
Tuberculosis
24
#24
*!After mushroom poisoning, the patient developed signs of acute liver failure, and a progressive decrease in liver size was noted.
What is your conclusion?
Toxic liver dystrophy
25
# 25
*!A 67-year-old man died in a hospital with symptoms of respiratory failure. At autopsy, the upper lobe of the right lung was sharply compacted, dark red in color with fibrinous deposits on the pleura.
What is your conclusion?
Lobar pneumonia
26
#26
*! During an autopsy of a corpse with suspicion of sudden death, an expert discovered a thrombus attached to the wall of the vessel in the lumen of the coronary artery of the heart, which completely covers the lumen of the vein. The thrombus is layered in nature and is presumably identified by the expert as a “white thrombus” and sent for histological examination.
What components does a white blood clot consist of?
Platelets, leukocytes, fibrin
27
#27
*!A 60-year-old man who abused alcohol died from ischemic cerebral infarction with signs of renal failure. An autopsy revealed primary wrinkled kidneys and liver steatosis.
What macroscopic changes in the liver do you expect in this corpse?
* the size of the liver is increased, the consistency is flabby, the surface is smooth, the color is yellow-brown
28
#28
*! A 49-year-old man who abuses alcohol was admitted to the hospital with complaints of pain in the right hypochondrium. A liver biopsy was performed. Diagnosed with fatty hepatosis .
What microscopic changes are found in hepatocytes and what staining can be used to clarify the diagnosis?
* when stained with Sudan 3, yellow-orange fat vacuoles are visible in hepatocytes.
29
#29
*! A 13-year-old girl, suffering from chronic glomerulonephritis for 5 years, had up to 2% protein and hyaline casts in her urine. Microscopic examination of the kidney revealed hyaline-droplet dystrophy renal tubular epithelium.
What stain should be used to clarify the diagnosis and what microscopic changes are found in nephrocytes?
* when stained with Sudan 3, the fat in the epithelium of the proximal convoluted tubules is colored yellow-orange , granular protein masses are visible in the epithelia of the proximal convoluted tubules
問題一覧
1
#1
*!What is the most common cause of fatty degeneration of the myocardium?
Hypoxia
2
#2
*!What refers to stromal-vascular dysproteinoses?
Mucous swelling
3
#3
*!What is the name of stromal vascular dysproteinosis?
Hyalinosis
4
# 4
*! What histochemical stain is used to identify fat?
Sudan-3
5
# 5
*! What histochemical stain is used to detect glycogen?
Carmen best
6
# 6
*!What is a disorder of tissue metabolism with structural changes called?
Dystrophy
7
# 7
*!What is the name of dystrophy accompanied by metabolic disorders in the cytoplasm of the cell?
Parenchyma dystrophy
8
# 8
*! What is the name of dystrophy accompanied by metabolic disorders in the parenchyma and stroma of organs?
Mixed dystrophy
9
# 9
*! What is the name of dystrophy accompanied by metabolic disorders in the stroma of organs?
Stromal vascular dystrophy
10
# 10
*!What mechanism of dystrophy develops with excessive penetration of metabolic products from the blood and lymph into cells or intercellular substance?
Infiltration
11
# eleven
*! What mechanism of dystrophy develops during the breakdown of cell ultrastructures and intercellular substance?
Decomposition
12
# 12
*! What mechanism of dystrophy develops during the synthesis in cells or tissues of substances that are not normally found in them?
Perverted synthesis
13
# 13
*! What mechanism of dystrophy develops? With education products of the same type of exchange from common initial products?
Transformation
14
# 14
*!What is the superficial and reversible disorganization of connective tissue called
Mucous swelling
15
# 15
*!What is the name of deep and irreversible disorganization of connective tissue?
Fibrinoid swelling
16
#16
*!What is the name of the type of dystrophy in which homogeneous translucent dense masses are formed of connective tissue?
Hyalinosis
17
#1 7
*!What is the name of the process of increasing the blood supply to a tissue or organ due to an increase in blood flow?
Arterial hyperemia
18
#18
*! What is the process of increasing the blood supply to an organ due to a decrease in blood outflow called?
Venous hyperemia
19
#19
*! What type of hyperemia develops due to obstruction of blood flow through the main arterial trunk?
Collateral
20
# 20
*! What type of hyperemia develops in connection with a decrease in barometric pressure?
Vacant
21
#21
*! During a macroscopic examination of the liver, it was noted that the organ was reduced in size, had a dense consistency, and had a finely lumpy surface. On a cut, connective tissue layers divide the liver into lobules.
What is your conclusion?
Portal cirrhosis
22
#22
*! On the 4th day after birth, the postpartum woman had a rise in body temperature of 39 o C, chills and tachycardia of up to 100 beats per minute. During examination, uterine tenderness and cloudy, purulent-bloody discharge were noted. What is your conclusion?
Purulent endometritis
23
#23
*! In B., 27 years old, low-grade fever and shortness of breath were noted; a radiograph revealed isolated focal shadows in the lungs, an increase in the pulmonary pattern, and a symmetrical enlargement of the hilar lymph nodes. A biopsy of the cervical lymph node revealed necrosis and multiple epithelioid cell granulomas with Pirogov-Langhans giant cells.
What is your conclusion?
Tuberculosis
24
#24
*!After mushroom poisoning, the patient developed signs of acute liver failure, and a progressive decrease in liver size was noted.
What is your conclusion?
Toxic liver dystrophy
25
# 25
*!A 67-year-old man died in a hospital with symptoms of respiratory failure. At autopsy, the upper lobe of the right lung was sharply compacted, dark red in color with fibrinous deposits on the pleura.
What is your conclusion?
Lobar pneumonia
26
#26
*! During an autopsy of a corpse with suspicion of sudden death, an expert discovered a thrombus attached to the wall of the vessel in the lumen of the coronary artery of the heart, which completely covers the lumen of the vein. The thrombus is layered in nature and is presumably identified by the expert as a “white thrombus” and sent for histological examination.
What components does a white blood clot consist of?
Platelets, leukocytes, fibrin
27
#27
*!A 60-year-old man who abused alcohol died from ischemic cerebral infarction with signs of renal failure. An autopsy revealed primary wrinkled kidneys and liver steatosis.
What macroscopic changes in the liver do you expect in this corpse?
* the size of the liver is increased, the consistency is flabby, the surface is smooth, the color is yellow-brown
28
#28
*! A 49-year-old man who abuses alcohol was admitted to the hospital with complaints of pain in the right hypochondrium. A liver biopsy was performed. Diagnosed with fatty hepatosis .
What microscopic changes are found in hepatocytes and what staining can be used to clarify the diagnosis?
* when stained with Sudan 3, yellow-orange fat vacuoles are visible in hepatocytes.
29
#29
*! A 13-year-old girl, suffering from chronic glomerulonephritis for 5 years, had up to 2% protein and hyaline casts in her urine. Microscopic examination of the kidney revealed hyaline-droplet dystrophy renal tubular epithelium.
What stain should be used to clarify the diagnosis and what microscopic changes are found in nephrocytes?
* when stained with Sudan 3, the fat in the epithelium of the proximal convoluted tubules is colored yellow-orange , granular protein masses are visible in the epithelia of the proximal convoluted tubules